后河自然保护区常绿落叶阔叶混交林群落学特征研究

研究了后河国家级自然保护区常绿落叶阔叶混交林的区系特点、群落学特征。结果表明 :后河国家级自然保护区常绿落叶阔叶混交林群落物种丰富 ,有 110科 2 88属 5 34种 ,科的分布型以热带类型为主 ,属的分布型温带类型占优势 ,反映该群落区系以温带为主的亚热带区系特点 ;该混交林主要由以单叶、中型叶及非全缘叶为主的常绿、落叶阔叶高位芽植物组成 ,群落层次分明 ,从上至下 ,落叶阔叶树种所占比例逐渐减少 ,常绿阔叶树种比例逐渐增加 ;除两低海拔样地外 ,多样性变化幅度较小 ,各样地的物种多样性指数变化趋势基本一致。     

峨眉山常绿落叶阔叶混交林的生物多样性及植物区系初探

对峨眉山常绿落叶阔叶混交林的群落结构﹑组成﹑生物多样性及植物区系等几方面进行了研究分析。结果显示峨眉山阔叶混交林由226种维管束植物组成,其中被子植物73科137属207种, 占总种数的91.6%,是峨眉山阔叶混交林的重要组成部分;群落分层现象明显,为乔木层﹑灌木层﹑草本层和层外植物4层,其中草本层发育情况差;科分布型是以热带—亚热带﹑热带—温带为主,各占22.7%, 在属的水平上则以温带分布占绝对优势(52.9%),揭示了峨眉山阔叶混交林的区系性质是以温带为主的亚热带类型;生物多样性指数处于较低的水平,在经过人为干扰后,群落处于稳定的恢复阶段。     

植物区系平衡点及其生物地理意义

了解植物区系平衡点及其牛物地理意义对于理解植物区系的起源、分化以及生物多样性空间格局的形成等方面均具有重要意义.本研究利用野外考察数据、相关的研究案例以及不同地区的种子植物物种名录,探讨了区系平衡点的海拔高度与纬度的关系及其生物地理意义.以药山自然保护区为例的区系平衡点计算结果表明,该区域的区系平衡点海拔在2050m左右;各区域区系平衡点海拔随着纬度的升高呈单调下降格局;各研究区域区系平衡点的年平均温度具有高度的一致性,在12.96±O.28℃左右,表明区系平衡点的出现反映了一定的热量意义,在该温度以下,植物区系成分以热带、亚热带成分为主,而在该温度以上,占主导地位的则足温带区系成分;根据区系平衡点海拔与纬度的关系,我国东部地区植被南北分界线的理论分界线在36°N左右;根据区系平衡点年均温以及我国东部地区等温线的地理分布,我国东部地区植被的南北分界线在34～35°N之间,位于秦岭北坡,这与过去相关研究比较一致.     

六股尖自然保护区种子植物多样性研究及其保护对策

六股尖自然保护区是皖南山区中亚热带植被带的重要组成部分,其种子植物多样性丰富,具有种子植物134科,529属,994种,有珍稀保护植物35种,是一个天然的物种基因库。区系成分复杂,起源古老,南北成分过渡明显,替代性分布比较突出。属的分析显示529属可归为14个分布区类型,并与世界各地有广泛联系,温带分布占56.9%,热带分布占40.0%,其R/T（热带成分比温带成分）比值为0.70,比黄山（0.57）、清凉峰（0.53）、天堂寨（0.51）略高,与齐云山（0.77）相近,显示其热带性比黄山、清凉峰、天堂寨略强,与齐云山相似。植被分布从下至上依次为农耕林（次生）(海拔700 m以下)、常绿落叶阔叶混交林（700～1 100 m）、落叶阔叶混交林（1 100～1 300 m）、山地灌丛（1 300～1 500 m）、高山草甸（1 500 m以上）。其代表性植被常绿落叶阔叶混交林,群落多样性分析表明,其Simpson指数为8.82±2.70,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.62±0.27,种间相遇机率PIE为0.88±0.05,群落均匀度R为0.78±0.07,显示该群落物种多样性丰富,分布均匀,结构稳定。通过PCA排序可以将六股尖等21个山地划分为华南、华北、华东三大植物区系。为保护和修复该地的常绿阔叶林、中亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林以及一些重要的珍稀濒危植物资源如华东黄杉林等,提出了一些相应的保护措施。     

后河自然保护区常绿落叶阔叶混交林落学特征研究

研究了后河国家级自然保护区常绿落叶混交林的区系特点,群落学特征,结果表明：后河国家级自然保护区常绿叶阔叶混交林群落物种丰富,有110科288属534种,科的分布型以热带类型为主,属的分布型温带类型占优势,反映该群落区系以温带为主的亚热带区系特点;该混交林主要由以单叶,中型叶及非全缘叶为主的常绿,落叶阔叶高位芽植物组成,群落层次分明,从上至下,落叶阔叶树种所占比例逐渐减少,常绿阔叶树种比例逐渐增加,除两低海拔样地外,多样性变化幅度较小,各样地的物种多样性指数变化趋势基本一致。     

江苏省地带性植被的基本特点与分布规律

江苏省地跨南暖温带、北亚热带和中亚热带三个生物气候带,典型地带性植被类型依次为落叶阔叶林、落叶常绿阔叶混交林和常绿阔叶林。前两个类型也分别见于北亚热带和中亚热带地区。三个地带性植被类型的主要类型及其分布与组成特点,分别列表概述。落叶常绿阔叶混交林是落叶林与常绿阔叶林之间的过渡类型,在北亚热带地区,林内落叶树的种类与数量往往超过常绿树,落叶层片占优势地位。江苏境内的常绿阔叶林,因地处中亚热带北缘,具有一定的过渡性特征,林内落叶阔叶树的种类往往超过常绿阔叶树,但后者的多度与盖度均占显著优势地位,常绿层片为主,所以外貌为常绿阔叶林。 江苏没有高山,东西间狭窄,故植被的垂直地带性和经度地带性分布规律均未显示。但南北间宽广,跨纬度4?以上,从北向南气候梯度变化明显,所以植被分布的纬度地带性规律明显。     

中国东部森林植被带划分之我见

简要回顾了中国东部森林植被带划分研究的历史及当前存在的争论。提出了中国东部植被带划分应以植被本身的特征,特别是地带性的生物群落集为主要依据,同时参照它们的区系组成和气候指标。根据上述原则将中国东部划分为6个植被带∶北方针叶林带、凉温带针阔混交林带、温带落叶阔叶林带、暖温带常绿落叶阔叶混交林带、亚热带常绿阔叶林带和热带雨林、季雨林带,并对各植被带的特征作了简要的描述。阐述了对一些植被带名称、界线改动的原因,特别讨论了我国常绿落叶阔叶混交林以及常绿阔叶林生物气候带的归属问题,认为前者归属于暖温带植被,后者归属于亚热带植被为宜。     

大别山植物区系及南坡和北坡相关性研究

大别山位于皖、鄂、豫三省交界处,约有维管植物1722种,隶属于199科、697属。大别山植物区系具有下列基本特征:1)植物种类丰富;2)植物区系起源古老;3)大别山特有成分较多;4)地理成分复杂;5)区系过渡性明显。本文通过比较分析方法,从大别山不同区域的五个山头(马宗岭、天堂寨、多枝尖、陀尖、湖北大别山)的气侯、植物地理因素,种子植物的数目和结构、优势科、常绿植物和常绿阔叶林、属种相似性系数等方面着重研究了大别山南、北坡的相互关系。作者认为整个大别山植物区系应归属于华东植物区系,其植被应归入北亚热带落叶—常绿阔叶混交林。在划分中、北亚热带分界线时,大别山必须作为一个整体考虑。     

中国东部森林植被带划分之我见

简要回顾了中国东部森林植被带划分研究的历史及当前存在的争论。提出了中国东部植被带划分应以植被本身的特征，特别是地带性的生物群落集为主要依据，同时参照它们的区系组成和气候指标。根据上述原则将中国东部划分为６个植被带∶北方针叶林带、凉温带针阔混交林带、温带落叶阔叶林带、暖温带常绿落叶阔叶混交林带、亚热带常绿阔叶林带和热带雨林、季雨林带，并对各植被带的特征作了简要的描述。阐述了对一些植被带名称、界线改动的原因，特别讨论了我国常绿落叶阔叶混交林以及常绿阔叶林生物气候带的归属问题，认为前者归属于暖温带植被，后者归属于亚热带植被为宜。     

湖北兴山县种子植物区系特征与垂直分布格局研究

根据2016年-2017年对兴山县全域进行网格调查所获取的3450份野生种子植物标本, 结合相关标本馆馆藏标本数据, 对兴山县域种子植物区系特征与垂直分布格局进行了研究。结果显示, 兴山县共有野生种子植物145科705属1883种。在科级水平上主要以热带分布型为主, 共有63科, 占总科数的43.45%; 属级水平上温带分布型占据优势地位, 共有379属, 占总属数的53.76%。兴山县种子植物区系特征兼具有温带性质和热带亲缘, 过渡性特征明显, 区系成分复杂。种子植物在垂直分布上主要呈现为三大类: 在海拔100-1000 m范围内主要形成低山常绿落叶阔叶混交林; 在海拔1000-1900 m范围内以中山落叶阔叶林为主; 海拔1900-2500 m范围内形成亚高山灌丛。总体来看, 兴山县种子植物在海拔700-1300 m的中海拔地区物种最为丰富。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.