荔枝核化学成分的研究

利用硅胶柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱、制备薄层色谱等方法,从荔枝（Litchi chinensis Sonn．）核乙醇提取物中分离出9个化合物,根据理化性质和波谱分析鉴定了7个化合物,分别为胡萝卜苷（daucosterol,1）、原儿茶醛（protocatechuic aldehyde,2）、原儿茶酸（protoeatechuic acid,3）、表儿茶素（（-）-epicafichin,4）、procyanidin A2（5）、procyanidin A1（6）、芦丁（rulin,7）。化合物2,4-7为首次从荔枝核中分得,化合物2．4、5为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

紫乌头中的二萜生物碱研究

从紫乌头(Aconitum episcopale Levl.)全草中分离出五个二萜生物碱,其中一个为首次从自然界得到,通过光谱分析鉴定为 deacetylbeterophy-lloidine(?),其余四个化合物分别鉴定为 heterophylloidine(?),song-orine(?),talatisamine(?),14-acetyltalatisamine(?),均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

免疫球蛋白同种异型Gm、Km因子在汉族家庭中的遗传

本文研究了Gm和Km在我国汉族家庭中的遗传情况,以便确定中国人的Gm单倍型究竟如何组成。对35个汉族家庭的203名成员检查了Gm(1),(2),(3),(5),(21)和Km(1)因子。发现有6种不同的Gm表型。根据分离格局提示存在Gm(?),Gm(?),Gm~1和Gm(?)等4种Gm单倍型,它们在蒙古人种群体中较为常见。 Km(1)因子在各种Gm表型中呈随机分布,说明Gm和Km因子相互独立遗传。     

大连地区海泥样品中分离的五株海洋放线菌的研究

对从大连小平岛地区海面下10~20 m处的海泥样品中分离的5株海洋放线菌进行了生理特征和抗菌活性的研究。抗菌活性实验初步表明,菌株S097,S187和S233具有较好的拮抗革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和真菌测试菌株的活性,尤其是菌株S233对绿脓杆菌和白色假丝酵母的抑制活性很强。16 s rDNA序列分析结果表明,5株放线菌(S097,S187,S233,S239,L180)分别与Streptomyces argenteolusCGMCC 4.1693、S.flavofuscusNRRL B-8036、S.variabilisNRRL B-3984T、S.lit-m ocidiniNRRL B-3635和S.sulphureusNRRL B-1627T显示出最高的序列同源性(99%),这是这些菌种首次报道在大连地区的海泥样品中得到分离。利用I型聚酮合成酶(PKSI)兼并引物从菌株S187中扩增出了PKSI片段,揭示了该菌株生产I型聚酮类化合物的潜在能力。本文的研究结果为进一步开发利用大连地区海泥中的海洋放线菌资源奠定了基础。     

大鼠肝和BERH—2肝癌5Kb BamHI DNA片段的克隆及其转录研究

本文克隆了大鼠肝和肝癌BERH-2 DNA的分子大小约为5kb的BamHI片段(Bam5族重复顺序)。从筛选出的克隆中取一个来自肝癌细胞基因组DNA的克隆片段H5 B-1和来自肝细胞基因组DNA克隆片段L5 B-4做进一步分析研究。采用RNA点杂交法对L5 B-4DNA片段的转录产物在细胞核、质间分布的研究结果表明:L5 B-4 DNA片段转录产物在肝癌细胞的总核RNA,poly A~ 核RNA和poly A~-核RNA中的相对量,比正常肝细胞的相应RNA组分低;在肝癌细胞的总胞质RNA和多聚核蛋白体RNA中的相对量,则比正常肝细胞的相应RNA组分高;其转录产物在poly A~ 核RNA中的相对含量高于其他细胞RNA组分,几乎不存在于rRNA中。当用大鼠肝和肝癌总RNA进行RNA点杂交比较时其转录产物在肝癌细胞中的相对含量则高于正常肝。结果提示,L5 B-4 DNA片段的转录产物从细胞核向细胞质内转运,肝癌细胞明显高于正常肝细胞。以H5 B-1 DNA片段代替L5 B-4 DNA片段进行RNA点杂交,得近似的杂交放射自显影图谱。     

枯草芽孢杆菌B-903菌株抗菌物质的研究

枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)B-903菌株系从郑州苹果园中分离得到,其代谢产生的抗菌物质对多种植物病原真菌有强抑制作用。试验结果表明,将B-903菌株摇床培养24小时,细菌数量以对数增长达最大值;培养41小时,抗菌物质开始检出,此时培养液pH值由6．5变为7．5,以后随细菌数量减少和pH值的回降,抗菌物质逐渐积累,于培养112小时达最高值。作者认为该物质是细菌衰亡过程中产生的代谢产物。培养过程中的供氧条件影响细菌数量的增长和抗菌物质积累。B-903抗菌物质为水溶性物质,常温下,酸、碱条件不破坏该物质活性,酸性环境中,该物质具热稳定性。     

造纸废水微生物絮凝剂菌株的分离鉴定及特性

从造纸废水处理厂卡鲁赛尔(Carrousel)氧化沟的活性污泥样品中分离到了1株产絮凝剂的菌株B-6,经生理生化试验和16Sr DN A基因序列分析,鉴定为芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)。该菌株产生的絮凝剂具有良好的酸碱稳定性,在pH值1～5和7～11范围内,其絮凝活性维持在80%以上。优化该菌发酵上清液的絮凝条件,结果表明,加入5 mL的1%CaCl2,发酵上清液投加量为0.8 mL时,该菌株发酵上清液对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率可达95.4%。     

一株产生物表面活性剂低温细菌的筛选与鉴定

采用血平板培养基及蓝色凝胶平板培养基初筛、排油圈法复筛,从低温环境下自然腐烂秸秆中分离筛选到4株产生物表面活性剂的低温细菌.其中菌株B-17发酵液排油圈达到最大,在5d内可使发酵液的表面张力由75.47 mN· m-1降至37.49 mN·m-1.通过形态特征、生理生化试验及16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该菌为理研菌属(Petrimonas sp.).红外光谱分析表明,菌株B-17在代谢过程中能产生糖脂类表面活性物质.该菌发酵液的乳化能力在5d内仍能保持在75％,具有很好的增溶效果.研究表明,初始pH 7、盐浓度0.4％、温度20℃时,对菌株B-17生长和产生物表面活性剂最有利.本研究为低温环境下产生物表面活性剂细菌的开发奠定了基础.     

猪垂体前叶中吗啡样活性肽—B-Ⅲ肽的分离及部分鉴定

自从1975年Hughes 从猪脑中分离并鉴定两个脑啡肽以来,已从动物的脑和垂体中分离到好几种内源性吗啡样物质。我们对猪垂体前叶的吗啡样物质进行了初步研究,并从中分离到一个活性肽,暂定名为B-Ⅲ肽。     

猪垂体前叶中吗啡样活性肽—B—Ⅲ肽的分离及部分鉴定

自从1975年Hughes从猪脑中分离并鉴定两个脑啡肽以来,已从动物的脑和垂体中分离到好几种内源性吗啡样物质。我们对猪垂体前叶的吗啡样物质进行了初步研究,并从中分离到一个活性肽,暂定名为B-Ⅲ肽。     

Occurrence of procyanidins in Nelia meyeri

A novel natural 4-arylflavan-3-ol has been obtained from leaves of Nelia meyeri. The same extract contains two procyanidin dimers, B-2 and B-5, and trimer C-1. ¹H NMR studies furnish diagnostic chemical shift parameters for determining the points of linkage in these compounds. The polymeric procyanidin isolated consists mainly of monomeric units with the 2,3-cis configuration and is considered to represent a pentamer or hexamer. The flavan-3-ol sequence of the polymer is proposed on the basis of partial degradation.     

组织蛋白酶B的新型天然抑制剂

组织蛋白酶B是木瓜蛋白酶类半胱氨酸蛋白酶家族的重要成员,它与人类多种疾病相关,尤其是在恶性肿瘤的侵袭转移过程中扮演了重要角色.通过随机筛选,发现了五个对组织蛋白酶B具有较好抑制活性的天然化合物prodelphinidin B-23'-O-gallate(1),prodelphinidin B-2(2),ImJcyarddin B-2(3),puexin A(4)和(-)epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate(5),其IC50值分别为0.58,0.44,0.76,2.07和0.96umol/L.这五个抑制剂为黄烷醇类化合物,均为组织蛋白酶B的新型天然抑制剂.     

Investigation of topical application of procyanidin B-2 from apple to identify its potential use as a hair growing agent.

Procyanidin B-2 is a polyphenol compound we have identified in apple which acts as a hair-growing factor in the murine model both in vitro and in vivo. This report describes our investigation of the effects of 1% procyanidin B-2 tonic on human hair growth after sequential use for 6 months. A double-blind clinical test involving a total of 29 subjects was performed. Nineteen men in the procyanidin B-2 group and 10 men in the placebo control group were subjected to analyses. No adverse side effects were observed in either group. The hair-growing effect was evaluated using a macrophotography technique combined with measurements of the hair diameter of clipped hairs. The increase in number of total hairs in the designated scalp area (0.5 cm square = 0.25 cm2 area) of procyanidin B-2 group subjects after the 6-month trial was significantly greater than that of the placebo control group subjects (procyanidin B-2, 6.68 +/- 5.53 (mean +/- SD)/0.25 cm2; placebo, 0.08 +/- 4.56 (mean +/- SD)/0.25 cm2; P < 0.005, two-sample t test). The increase in number of terminal hairs, which are defined as hairs more than 60 microm in diameter, in the designated area (0.5 cm square = 0.25 cm2 area) of the procyanidin B-2 group subjects after the 6-month trial was significantly greater than that of the placebo control group subjects (procyanidin B-2, 1.99 +/- 2.58 (mean +/- SD)/0.25 cm2; placebo, -0.82 +/- 3.40 (mean +/- SD)/0.25 cm2; P < 0.02, two-sample t test). Procyanidin B-2 therapy shows potential as a safe and promising cure for male pattern baldness.     

Measurement of plasma procyanidin B-2 and procyanidin B-3 levels after oral administration in rat.

Using a high-performance liquid chromatographic method and mass spectrometry analysis, we successfully measured the absorption of orally administered procyanidin B-2 and procyanidin B-3 isolated from Cinnamonomi cortex (the bark of Cinnamomum cassia Blume) in the rat plasma. This method used a TSK- GEL ODS-80TS column, two solvents (A: 0.01% acetic acid; B: methanol with 0.01% acetic acid) in a linear gradient at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min, and fluorescence detection at excitation and emission wavelengths of 220 and 327 nm.     

Procyanidins from the seeds of Vitis amurensis

Three procyanidins, procyanidin B-5 3'-O-gallate, vitisinol, and amurensisin, were isolated from the seeds of Vitis amurensis, whose structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence. Vitisinol and amurensisin contain a spiro-type biflavanyl linkage and a biphenyl-lactone partial structure, respectively.     

Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 Inhibits Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Migration Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products

Advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is vital to the progression of diabetic vasculopathy. A grape seed procyanidin extract has been reported to possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties and to display a significant cardiovascular protective effect, but little is know about the underlying mechanism. The objective of this present study was to determine whether GSPB2 (grape seed procyanidin B2), which is a dimeric procyanidin and more biologically active, could inhibit AGE-induced VSMC proliferation by affecting the production of ubiquitin COOH-terminal hydrolase 1 (UCH-L1), the degradation of IκB-α and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Our data show that GSPB2 preincubation markedly inhibited AGE-induced proliferation and migration of HASMCs in a dose-dependent manner and upregulated the protein level of UCH-L1. Further studies revealed that the GSPB2 pretreatment markedly attenuated the degradation of IκB-α and nuclear translocation of NF-κB by modulating ubiquitination of IκB-α in AGE-exposed HASMCs. These results collectively suggest that AGE-induced HASMC proliferation and migration was suppressed by GSPB2 through regulating UCH-L1 and ubiquitination of IκB-α. GSPB2 may therefore have therapeutic potential in preventing and treating vascular complications of diabetes mellitus.     

Grape seed procyanidin b2 inhibits human aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration induced by advanced glycation end products

Advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is vital to the progression of diabetic vasculopathy. A grape seed procyanidin extract has been reported to possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties and to display a significant cardiovascular protective effect, but little is know about the underlying mechanism. The objective of this present study was to determine whether GSPB2 (grape seed procyanidin B2), which is a dimeric procyanidin and more biologically active, could inhibit AGE-induced VSMC proliferation by affecting the production of ubiquitin COOH-terminal hydrolase 1 (UCH-L1), the degradation of IκB-α and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Our data show that GSPB2 preincubation markedly inhibited AGE-induced proliferation and migration of HASMCs in a dose-dependent manner and upregulated the protein level of UCH-L1. Further studies revealed that the GSPB2 pretreatment markedly attenuated the degradation of IκB-α and nuclear translocation of NF-κB by modulating ubiquitination of IκB-α in AGE-exposed HASMCs. These results collectively suggest that AGE-induced HASMC proliferation and migration was suppressed by GSPB2 through regulating UCH-L1 and ubiquitination of IκB-α. GSPB2 may therefore have therapeutic potential in preventing and treating vascular complications of diabetes mellitus.     

Phenolics of five yam (dioscorea) species

Cyanidin-3-glucoside, (+)-catechin and the procyanidin dimers ‘B-1’ and ‘B-3’ were identified as phenolic constituents of Dioscorea alata tubers, and strong evidence for the presence of a procyanidin trimer and a tetramer was found. The quantity of (+)-catechin and relative proportions of the procyanidin dimers were determined in 10 cultivars of five of the main edible yam species.     

Galloylated catechins and stilbene diglucosides in Vitis vinifera cell suspension cultures

Suspension cultures of Vitis vinifera were found to produce catechins and stilbenes. When cells were grown in a medium inducing polyphenol synthesis, (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, dimeric procyanidin B-2 3′-O-gallate and two resveratrol diglucosides were isolated, together with a new natural compound that was identified as cis-resveratrol-3,4′-O-β-diglucoside by spectroscopical methods.     

Procyanidin B2 has anti- and pro-oxidant effects on metal-mediated DNA damage

Procyanidin B2 (epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin), which is present in grape seeds, apples, and cacao beans, has antioxidant properties. We investigated the mechanism of preventive action of procyanidin B2 against oxidative DNA damage in human cultured cells and isolated DNA. Procyanidin B2 inhibited the formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in the human leukemia cell line HL-60 treated with an H2O2-generating system. In contrast, a high concentration of procyanidin B2 increased the formation of 8-oxodG in HL-60 cells. Experiments with calf thymus DNA also revealed that procyanidin B2 decreased 8-oxodG formation by Fe(II)/H2O2, whereas procyanidin B2 induced DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II), and H2O2 extensively enhanced it. An electron spin resonance spin trapping study utilizing 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (M4PO) demonstrated that procyanidin B2 decreased the signal of M4PO-OH from H2O2 and Fe(II), whereas procyanidin B2 enhanced the signal from H2O2 and Cu(II). As an antioxidant mechanism, UV-visible spectroscopy showed that procyanidin B2 chelated Fe(II) at equivalent concentrations. As a pro-oxidant property, we examined DNA damage induced by procyanidin B2, using 32P-labeled DNA fragments obtained from genes relevant to human cancer. Our results raise the possibility that procyanidin B2 exerts both antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties by interacting with H2O2 and metal ions.