云衫针层孔菌化学成分的研究

从云衫针层孔菌Ｐｈｅｌｌｉｎｕｓ ｙａｍａｎｏｉ（Ｔａｍｚ．）ｓｈａｗ分离得到１２个化合物,借助光谱分析鉴定为：８,１１,１３－ａｂｉｅｔａｄｉｅｎ－１８－ｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（１）,１,２－ｂｅｎｚｅｎｅｄｉ－ｃａｒｂｏｘｙｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄｂｉｓ（２－ｅｔｈｙｌ－ｈｅｘｙｌ）ｅｓｔｅｒ（２）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ（３）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ ７,２２（Ｅ）－ｉｄｅｎ－３－ｏｌ（４）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ ７,２２（Ｚ）－ｄｉｅｎ－３－ｏｌ（５）,ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ－１,３－ｐｒｏｐａｎｅｄｉｙｌ ｅｓｔｅｒ（６）,ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（７）,８（１９）,１４－ｌａｂｄａｄｉｅｎ－１３－ｏｌ（８）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－４,６,８（１４）,２２－ｔｅｔｒａｅｎ－３－ｏｎｅ（９）,化合     

匙叶翼首花的化学成分

从药用植物匙叶翼首花（Ｐｔｅｒｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ ｈｏｏｋｅｒｉ）中分离了７个化合物。通过波谱分析及已知物数据对照,分别鉴定为ｓｏｎｇｏｒｏｓｉｄｅＡ⑴,ｌｏｇａｎｉｎ⑵,软脂酸（ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,３）,乌索酸（ｕｒｓｏｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,４）,齐墩果酸（ｏｌｅａｎｏｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,５）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,６）,β－龙胆二糖（β－ｇｅｎｔｉｏｂｉｏｓｅ,７）,其中２是     

雷公藤根皮三萜成分研究

从雷公藤（Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍ ｗｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉ Ｈｏｏｋ．ｆ．）根皮的丙酮提取物中分得１１个化合物,经理化数据及光谱分析鉴定了它们的结构为：雷公藤红素（Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｉｎｅ１）,Ｐｏｌｐｕｎｏｎｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（２）,２－Ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－ｐｏｌｐｕｎｏｎｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（３）,２,３－Ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－ｆｒｉｅｄｅｌ－６,９（１１）－ｅｎ－２９－ｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（４）,Ｄｅｍｅｔｈｙｌｚｅｙ     

云木香化学成分研究Ⅱ

从丽江产云木香（ＳａｕｓｒｅａｌａｐｐａＣ．Ｂ．Ｃｌａｒｋｅ）根中分离得到的另外７个化合物,它们分别是＿孕甾烯醇酮（ｐｒｅｇｎｅｎｏｌｏｎｅ）（１）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）（２）,葫萝卜甙（ｄａｕｃｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）（３）,苯丙素甙（ｓｙｒｉｎｇｉｎ）（４）,木质素甙（１－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｐｉｎｏｒｅｓｉｎｏｌ－１－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ）（５）,油酸［（ｚ,ｚ）－９,１２－ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｄｉｅｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ］（６）和油酸－１,３－甘油二酯［（ｚ,ｚ）－９,１２－ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｄｉｅｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ－２－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－１,３－ｐｒｏｐａｎｅｄｉｎｙｌｅｓｔｅｒ］（７）．它们的结构通过波谱和化学的方法得到鉴定。其中化合物１作为天然产物首次从植物中分离得到,化合物３,４,５和７为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

青霉素酰化酶活性中心的定点突变

对Ｅ．ｃｏｌｅ ＡＴＣＣ １１１０５的青霉素酰化酶（ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｎ Ｇ ａｃｙｌａｓｅ,ＰＧＡ）活性中心的Ｓｅｒ２９０分别进行了定点突变和和化学修饰,将活性中心的Ｓｅｒ２９０改变成Ｃｙｓ或Ｓｅｃｙｓ,ＰＧＡ水解活力均大为下降,但仍保留部分活性。其对底物６－硝基（３－苯乙酰氨基）苯甲酸（６－ｎｉｔｒｏ－３－ｐｈｅｎｙｌａｃｅｔａｍｉｄｏ ｂｅｎｚｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,ＮＩＰＡＢ）的ｋｃａｔ分别从１     

中国鸡皮衣属地衣化学成分研究

作者通过对隶属于３５个分类单位的近４００号中国鸡皮衣属地衣标本的化学测定,在本文中报道了我国鸡皮衣属地衣中存在的２３个化合物,首次报道鸡皮衣属地衣中存在的有分类意义的化学成分１种,即ｍａｌｏｎｏｐｒｏｔｏｃｅｔｒａｒｉｃａｃｉｄ。化学测定结果表明：至少在中国鸡皮衣属种中,４,５－二氯地衣酮（４,５－ｄｉｃｈｌｏｒｏｌｉｃｈｅｘａｎｔｈｏｎｅ）可能局限于Ｐｅｒｔｕｓａｒｉａ亚属;β－地衣酚类（β－ｏｒｃｉｎｏｌ）化合物是主导的髓层化学成分;β－地衣酚类缩酚酸（β－ｏｒｅｉｎｏｌｄｅｐｓｉｄｅｓ）和β－地衣酚类原岛衣酸型缩酚酸环醚（β－ｏｒｃｉｎｏｌｐｒｏｔｏｃｅｔｒａｒｉｃａcｉｄ－ｔｙｐｅｄｅｐｓｉｄｏｎｅｓ）是Ｐｉｏｎｏｓｐｏｒａ亚属的特征性化学成分,β－地衣酚类斑点酸型缩酚酸环醚（β－ｏｒｃｉｎｏｌｓｔｉｃｔｉｃ　ａｃｉｄ－ｔｙｐｅｄｅｐｓｉｄｏｎｅｓ）是Ｐｅｒｔｕｓａｒｉａ亚属的特征化学成分。形态和化学特征在鸡皮衣属内存在着平行的或独立的进化路线。     

南川前胡化学成分的研究

从伞形科前胡属南川前胡的根中分离得到７个化合物,通过理化常数和波这方法确定了其结构,分别是ｄｅｌｔｏｉｎ,佛手相内酯（ｂｅｒｇａｒｐｔｅｎ）,丁二酸（ｓｕｃｃｉｎｉｃ ａｃｉｄ）,甘露醇（ｄ－ｍａｎｎｉｔｏｌ）,二十五烷酸（ｐｅｎｔａｃｏｓａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）和胡萝卜甙（ｄａｕｃｏｓｔｅｒｅｌ）。以上化合物均为从本植物中首次分得。     

地涌金莲化学成分的研究

从地涌金莲（Ｍｕｓｅｌｌａ ｌａｓｉｏｃａｒｐａ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈ．）Ｃ．Ｙ．Ｗｕ．）新鲜植物中分离得到了５种化合物,经理化常数和ＩＲ,ＥＩ－ＭＷ、＾１Ｈ ＮＭＲ,＾１５ＣＮＭＲ波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为,正二十四烷（ｔｅｔｒａｃｏｓａｎｅ,１）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,２）,硬脂酸（ｓｔｅｒａｒｉｅ ａｃｉｄ,３）２,４－二羟基苯甲酸（２,４－ｄｉｔｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ ｂｅｎｚｏｌｅ ａｃｉ     

裕民贝母的化学成分研究

从裕民贝母的鳞茎中分离到６个化合物,据其理化数据、化学反应和光谱分析,鉴定为５ａ,１４ａ－ｃｅｖａｎｉｎｅ－３ａ－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－６－ｏｎｅ（Ｉ）,５ａ,１４ａ－ｃｅｖａｎｉｎｅ－３－ｏｎｅ－６β－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｓｉｄｅ（Ⅱ）,西贝素（Ⅲ）、ｄｅｌａｖｉｎｏｎｅ（Ⅳ）,托贝辛（Ⅴ）和腺苷（Ⅵ）。它们均首次从该植物分得。Ⅰ和Ⅱ为新化合物,分别命名为裕贝甲素和裕贝碱甙。     

德钦红景天的化学成分

从云南产德钦红景天Ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａ ａｔｕｎｔｓｕｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｐｒａｅｇ．） Ｆｕ 的根及根茎中首次分离得到８ 个化合物。根据各项光谱数据及化学反应鉴定其中一个新黄酮甙的结构为３ , ５ , ７ , ８ － 四羟基－黄酮４′－ 氧－ α－ Ｌ－ 鼠李糖吡喃甙, 命名为德钦红景天甙（ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａｔｕｎｔｏｓｉｄｅ, ２） , 另外７ 个已知化合物分别是草质素－ ８ － 甲醚（ｈｅｒｂａｃｅｔｉｎ － ８ － ｍｅｔｈｙｌｅｔｈｅｒ,１） , 槲皮素（ｑｕｅｒｃｅｔｉｎ ,３） , 芦丁（ｒｕｔｉｎ,４） , 酪醇（ｔｙｒｏｓｏｌ,５） , 红景天甙（ｓａｌｉｄｒｏｓｉｄｅ,６） , 没食子酸（ｇａｌｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,７） 和β－谷甾醇（ － ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,８） 。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.