牛泡沫病毒调节蛋白功能及其在LTR上应答元件的研究

牛泡沫病毒（ＢＦＶ）具有复杂的基因组结构,其基因组除编码反转录病毒共有的ｇａｇ、ｐｏｌ、ｅｎｖ三个结构基因之外,在其ｅｎｖ和３’ＬＴＲ之间有两个重叠的读码框（ＯＲＦ－１和ＯＲＦ－２）,编码Ｂｏｒｆ－１、Ｂｏｒｆ－２、Ｂｅｔ等多种调节蛋白,其中Ｂｏｒｆ－１（２４９ａａ）为ＢＦＶ反式激活因子（Ｔａｓ）。为研究Ｂｏｒｆ－１的结构与功能,Ｂｏｒｆ－１在ＬＴＲ上的应答元件及作用机制,Ｂｏｒｆ－２、Ｂｅｔ等调     

青岛文昌鱼LIM类基因Bblim同源框区的内含子分析(英文)

ＬＩＭ类同源框基因（ｈｏｍｅｏｂｏｘｇｅｎｅ）保守性很强,在动物界广泛存在。各种ＬＩＭ类同源框基因的共同点是：在结构上,ＬＩＭ类同源框基因的编码蛋白都具有同源域和ＬＩＭ结构域;在生物学功能方面,都与早期发育中胚胎细胞谱系的决定和胚胎细胞分化有关。本实验提取青岛文昌鱼基因组ＤＮＡ,用一对简并引物对其ＬＩＭ类同源框基因Ｂｂｌｉｍ进行ＰＣＲ扩增,将所得ＤＮＡ片段克隆到ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔⅡＫＳ（＋）质粒上,经测序发现,其同源框区比大多数ＬＩＭ类基因的同源框区要长得多,其上插入有一个长度为１３８ｂｐ的内含子（Ｆｉｇ．１）。这个内含子的序列中有真核生物核基因ｍＲＮＡ内含子的典型序列。并且与该基因ｃＤＮＡ克隆的测序结果相吻合。从而,可以确认该序列中这个内含子的存在。已知绝大多数ＬＩＭ类同源框基因的同源框区无内含子。因此,有必要对其作深入研究。     

Epstein－Barr病毒潜伏膜蛋白（LMP）基因在哺乳动物传代细胞中的表达

ＥＢ病毒潜伏膜蛋白（ＬＭＰ）是由病毒编码的主要的与病毒致宿主细胞潜伏感染有关的蛋白之一。我们用基因重组技术,把含有ＬＭＰ基因（ＢＮＬＦ１）３个外显子（ｅｘｏｎ）开放阅读框架（ＯＲＦ）的长１．８０ｋｂｐ的ＤＮＡ片段,和能分解ＨｙｇｒｏｍｙｃｉｎＢ的含有ＳＶ４０早期启动子和ＨｇｒｙｏｍｙｃｉｎＢ磷酸转移酶全基因（长１０２５ｂｐ）的ＤＮＡ片段（长１．６０ｂｐ）,同时重组于亚克隆载体ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔＳＫ（ｐＢＳ）中,并使该重组质粒ｐＢＳ－ＬＭＰ－Ｈｙｇ（长５７６７ｂｐ）在乳地鼠肾传代细胞（ＢＨＫ）中获得表达。ＢＨＫ细胞在经此重组质粒转染后,ＬＭＰ阳性细胞是２％,在ＨｙｇｒｏｍｙｃｉｎＢ的持续压力下,ＬＭＰ表达细胞率可达２０％。３个月后,ＬＭＰ表达细胞逐渐减少。５个月后,不能测到ＬＭＰ表达细胞。经免疫荧光和蛋白印迹（Ｗｅｓｔｅｍｂｌｏｔ）实验证实,人鼻咽癌、风湿性关节炎和正常人血清中不含有抗ＬＭＰ抗体。     

芝田硫化叶菌麦芽寡糖基海藻糖合酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆和表达

用ＰＣＲ 方法从芝田硫化叶菌中扩增了编码一种新酶,即麦芽寡糖基海藻糖合酶（ ＭＴＳａｓｅ） 的基因,扩增的２－２ｋｂ ＤＮＡ 插入到原核表达载体ｐＢＶ２２０ 中,构建成重组质粒ｐＳＢＧＴ１ 。ｐＳＢＧＴ１ 中ＭＴＳａｓｅ 基因在大肠杆菌中得到表达。ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ 分析表达产物ＭＴＳａｓｅ蛋白的分子量约为７４ｋＤａ ,同核苷酸序列测定所推导的值相符。表达产物占细胞总蛋白约４－４ ％ 。ｐＳＢＧＴ１ 产生的重组酶作用于淀粉部分水解物,使ＤＥ 值降低,得到非还原糖或低还原糖。     

人骨形成蛋白2A活性片段在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

将编码人骨形成蛋白２Ａ（ＢＭＰ２Ａ）Ｃ端１７３个氨基酸（ＢＭＰ２３）和１３４个氨基酸（ＢＭＰ２４）的ＤＮＡ基因片段分别重组克隆进入ＰＬ启动子控制下的表达载体,构建了表达质粒ｐＢＬＢＭＰ２３和ｐＢＬＢＭＰ２４,分别转化大肠杆菌进行表达研究．ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析温敏诱导的表达菌,可以分别观察到分子量为２０ｋＤ和１５．５ｋＤ的高表达条带,与理论计算的分子量一致,表达量分别占细菌蛋白质总量的１０％和２０％左右。表达产物经包含体制备达到８０％以上纯度。Ｎ端序列测定的１５个氨基酸,与重组ｃＤＮＡ基因编码的序列相同．ＢＭＰ２３和ＢＭＰ２４包含体经复性处理后,得到二聚体分子蛋白质条带,与骨基质胶原重组后在大鼠体内测活,观察到ＢＭＰ２３诱导软骨细胞生成,ＢＭＰ２４刺激丰富的骨样胶原组织合成．     

黄瓜花叶病毒山东株(CMV-SD)RNA2全长cDNA克隆的构建及全序列分析

分别利用５’ＲＡＣＥ和３’ＲＡＣＥ确定了ＣＭＶＳＤＲＮＡ２的５’和３’末端序列,在此基础上,利用ＲＴＰＣＲ得到了ＲＮＡ２的５’端一半的ｃＤＮＡ克隆ｐＣ２５和３’端一半的ｃＤＮＡ克隆ｐＣ２３,并通过拼接构建了ＲＮＡ２全长ｃＤＮＡ克隆ｐＣ２Ｆ。通过对ｐＣ２５和ｐＣ２３进行序列测定,得到了ＲＮＡ２的全序列。序列分析结果表明ＣＭＶＳＤＲＮＡ２由３０４８ｎｔ组成,其中存在２个部分重叠的阅读框ＯＲＦ１（７９～２６５２ｎｔ）和ＯＲＦ２（２４１４～２７４６ｎｔ）,分别编码８５８ａａ的２ａ蛋白和１１１ａａ的２ｂ蛋白,并在２ａ蛋白的序列中发现了动植物病毒复制酶所特有的两个保守序列。该株系ＲＮＡ２核苷酸序列与分属ＣＭＶＩ亚组的Ｆｎｙ株系和ＩＩ亚组的Ｑ株系ＲＮＡ２的核苷酸序列同源性分别为９１７％和７５６％;２ａ蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性分别为９３８％和６７７％,２ｂ蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性分别为８３０％和５１３％。同源性比较的结果表明ＳＤ株系属于ＣＭＶＩ亚组。     

甜菜坏死黄脉病毒内蒙分离物RNA3序列分析及编码25kD蛋白基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

以甜菜坏死黄脉病毒（ＢＮＹＶＶ）内蒙分离物的总ＲＮＡ为模板,通过反转录－ＰＣＲ扩增获得ＢＮＹＶＶＲＮＡ３全长ｃＤＮＡ。将其克隆到ｐＧＥＭ－７Ｚｆ（＋）上,得到重组质粒ｐＧＢＹ５６。序列分析结果表明,内蒙分离物ＲＮＡ３基因组全长为１７７５ｎｔ,其中包含３个开放阅读框架,分别编码２５ｋＤ蛋白、４．６ｋＤ蛋白和一种由５９个氨基酸组成的Ｎ蛋白。与法国Ｆ２分离物、德国Ｇ１分离物和日本Ｓ分离物相比,其核苷酸序列的同源性分别为９６．４％、９６．８％和９７．３％。将２５ｋＤ蛋白编码基因克隆到ｐＪＷ２上,构建了该基因的原核表达载体。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｉｎｇ分析结果表明,２５ｋＤ蛋白基因在Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）中经温度（４２℃）诱导后,可特异地表达２５ｋＤ蛋白     

苏云金芽胞杆菌菌株YBT833含不同杀虫晶体蛋白基因转化子的特性

用电脉冲方法将含有苏云金芽胞杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白基因ｃｒｙ１Ｃ的重组质粒ｐＢＭＢＬＣ转入野生菌株ＹＢＴ８３３,获得含不同杀虫晶体蛋白基因的４个转化子。质粒检测和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交证明它们均为菌株ＹＢＴ８３３含重组质粒ｐＢＭＢＬＣ的转化子。ＰＣＲ扩增表明,转化子ＹＢＴ８３３－１保留了原有的杀虫晶体蛋白基因;转化子ＹＢＴ８３３－２丢失了基因ｃｒｙ１Ａｂ;转化子ＹＢＴ８３３－３则丢失了所有的杀虫晶体蛋白基     

消除内生质粒对苏云金芽胞杆菌YBT-1463特性的影响

研究了经完全消除苏云金芽胞杆菌野生菌株ＹＢＴ－１４６３的内生质粒对该菌部分形态、遗传及生理生化特性的影响。结果表明,消除内生质粒后的无质粒突变株不形成伴胞晶体,但电转化４种供体质粒,即ｐＢＭＢ１２１、ｐＢＭＢ３０４－１Ａｂ、ｐＢＭＢＬＣ和ｐＢＭＢ９７４８的效率显著提高,转化频率最高比出发菌株提高６．８×１０^４倍,而无质粒突变株对红霉素等１０种抗生素的敏感性、对葡萄糖等１９种碳源和谷氨酸等１２种氮源的利用能力及生长性能与出发菌株无明显差异。     

香蕉束顶病毒基因克隆和序列分析

对香蕉束顶病毒（ＢＢＴＶ）中国分离株ＤＮＡ组份Ｉ（ＤＮＡ－１）、外壳蛋白（ＣＰ）和运转蛋白（ＭＰ）基因进行了克隆和序列分析。ＢＢＴＶＤＮＡ－１含有１１０３个核苷酸,与南太平洋和亚洲分离株分别有８７％－８８％ ９６．９－９８％的核苷酸序列同源性。由ＤＮＡ－１编码的复制酶含有１８６个在酸残基。与南太平洋和亚洲分离株分别有８４．４％－９５．８％和９７．６％、９８．０％的氨基酸序列同源性。外壳蛋白基因由５     

Distribution of 2-kb miniplasmid pBMB2062 from Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki YBT-1520 strain in Bacillus species

A multi-copy and small plasmid pBMB2062 from Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki YBT-1520 strain was cloned and characterized and its distribution was analyzed using dot-blot analysis with the ORF1 fragment as a probe. Bacillus species of 84 serotypes were evaluated. The pBMB2062 plasmid was found to be present in commercial B. thuringiensis kurstaki (H3abc) and aizawai (H7) insecticides of various serotypes, and one Bacillus cereus UW85 strain (produced Zwittermicin fungicide and Cry toxin synergist). The sequences of 7 pBMB2062-like plasmids from randomly selected Bacillus species (positive signal in the dot-blot analysis) were highly conserved. Two open reading frames (ORFs), ORF1 and ORF2, were present in this plasmid. ORF1 was found to be necessary for plasmid replication, whereas ORF2 did not play a role in replication or stability. Based on its sequence homology, ORF2 was a putative solitary antitoxin. Furthermore, the copy number of the replicon of pBMB2062 was higher than those of ori1030 and ori44 based on the thermogenic data, and ori2062 could drive the stable replication of a recombinant plasmid (11 kb total size) in B. thuringiensis.     

含质粒复制起始区ori44的苏云金芽胞杆菌解离载体的构建

将苏云金芽胞杆菌转座子Tn4430的解离酶识别位点res分别插入克隆载体pRSET B和pUC19得到质粒pBMB1201和pBMB1202。这两个质粒分别经BamHI/Hin dⅢ和EcoRI/HindⅢ双酶切回收含res位点的小DNA片段,与穿梭载体pHT3101经EcoRI/HindⅢ双酶切后加收的含大肠杆菌复制起始区、氨苄青霉素抗性基因和红霉素抗性基因的3．3kb片段连接,获得重组质粒pBMB1203。封闭pBMB1203两res位点外的BamHI和EcoRI位点后,得到解离载体pBMB1204。将来源于苏云金芽胞杆菌库斯塔克亚种YBT－1520的质粒复制起始区ori44片段插入pBMB1204的两res位点之间,得到解离穿梭载体pBMB1205。该解离载体插入壮观霉素抗性基因后电转化无晶体突变株,在辅助质粒所提供的解离酶作用下可发生解离消除抗性基因,解离频率为100％,解离后的质粒稳定性为93％。利用解离穿梭载体pBMB1205可在用抗性筛选到转化子后特定消除抗性标记基因和其它非苏云金芽胞杆菌DNA片段。     

苏云金芽胞杆菌拟步行甲亚种质粒复制子oril65的克隆

以苏云金芽胞杆菌拟步行甲亚种菌株（Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis)YBT-1765作为出发菌株,克隆了一个包含复制子的EcoRI酶切片段,大小约为11kb,称为oril65。这是国内外从此亚种中克隆到的第一个复制子,缩小到8kb左右后仍然能够复制。杂交结果显示,此复制子来源于菌株YBT-1765可以检测到的分子量最大的质粒,以此复制子构建的穿梭载体pBMB6071在不同受体菌中的稳定性差异很大,其中在以色列亚种无晶体突变株4Q7中,传40后代,稳定性100%,质粒pBMB6071与含ori1030和ori2062在库斯塔克亚种无晶体突变株BMB171中是相容的。     

抗辐射茵(Deinococcus radiopugnance)的质粒pUE30的克隆及序列分析

抗辐射菌(Deinococcus radiopugnance)ATCC 19172株中存在约14.6 kb、8.7 kb、7.0 kb、3.65 kb、及2.45 kb等5种以上的隐秘性质粒,对其中的约2.45 kb的小型质粒pUE30进行了序列测定与分析,该质粒由2 467 bp的碱基对组成,其中包含了267 nt及1 068 nt的2个开放阅读框架(open reading frame,ORF)和一个AT-rich领域。经过与GenBank的数据库分析,其中267 nt的ORF(repC)与豆科根瘤菌(Rhizobium leguminosa-rum)及根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)由来的质粒的RepC蛋白质具有一定的同源性;1 068 nt的ORF(repD)与抗辐射菌(Deinococcus radiodurans)Sark株的质粒pUE10的RepU蛋白质、嗜热菌(Thermus sp.)ATCC27737株由来的质粒pMY1的RepA蛋白质具有较高的同源性。研究结果对于利用该小型质粒构建大肠杆菌-抗辐射菌属间的穿梭载体,表明抗辐射菌高效正确的DNA损伤修复机理等具有重要的意义。     

Characterization of pRGO1, a plasmid from Propionibacterium acidipropionici, and its use for development of a host-vector system in propionibacteria

The complete nucleotide sequence of pRGO1, a cryptic plasmid from Propionibacterium acidipropionici E214, was determined. pRGO1 is 6, 868 bp long, and its G+C content is 65.0%. Frame analysis of the sequence revealed six open reading frames, which were designated Orf1 to Orf6. The deduced amino acid sequences of Orf1 and Orf2 showed extensive similarities to an initiator of plasmid replication, the Rep protein, of various plasmids of gram-positive bacteria. The amino acid sequence of the putative translation product of orf3 exhibited a high degree of similarity to the amino acid sequences of DNA invertase in several bacteria. For the putative translation products of orf4, orf5, and orf6, on the other hand, no homologous sequences were found. The function of these open reading frames was studied by deletion analysis. A shuttle vector, pPK705, was constructed for shuttling between Escherichia coli and a Propionibacterium strain containing orf1 (repA), orf2 (repB), orf5, and orf6 from pRGO1, pUC18, and the hygromycin B-resistant gene as a drug marker. Shuttle vector pPK705 successfully transformed Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii IFO12426 by electroporation at an efficiency of 8 x 10(6) CFU/microg of DNA under optimized conditions. Transformation of various species of propionibacteria with pPK705 was also performed at efficiencies of about 10(4) to 10(7) CFU/microg of DNA. The vector was stably maintained in strains of P. freudenreichii subsp. shermanii, P. freudenreichii, P. pentosaceum, and P. freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii grown under nonselective conditions. Successful manipulation of a host-vector system in propionibacteria should facilitate genetic studies and lead to creation of genes that are useful industrially.     

A novel cryptic plasmid pBMB175 from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus thuringiensis </Emphasis>subsp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">tenebrionis </Emphasis>YBT-1765

A new cryptic plasmid pBMB175 from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis YBT-1765 was isolated and characterized. Sequence analysis showed that pBMB175 (14,841 bp and 31% GC content) contained at least eighteen putative open reading frames (ORFs), among which nine ORFs displayed the homology with the hypothetical proteins in rolling-circle replication plasmid pGI3. Deletion analysis revealed that the pBMB175 minireplicon located in a novel 1,151 bp fragment. This fragment contains ORF7 coding sequence, which encodes a protein (Rep175, 149 amino acids [aa]) indispensable for plasmid replication. Rep175 has no significant homology with known function proteins. Furthermore, a putative double-strand origin (dso), having no DNA similarity with characterized dso of other replicon so far, was identified in this minireplicon fragment. These features showed that pBMB175 could be placed into a new plasmid family.     

Characterization of pRGO1, a Plasmid from Propionibacterium acidipropionici, and Its Use for Development of a Host-Vector System in Propionibacteria

The complete nucleotide sequence of pRGO1, a cryptic plasmid from Propionibacterium acidipropionici E214, was determined. pRGO1 is 6,868 bp long, and its G+C content is 65.0%. Frame analysis of the sequence revealed six open reading frames, which were designated Orf1 to Orf6. The deduced amino acid sequences of Orf1 and Orf2 showed extensive similarities to an initiator of plasmid replication, the Rep protein, of various plasmids of gram-positive bacteria. The amino acid sequence of the putative translation product of orf3 exhibited a high degree of similarity to the amino acid sequences of DNA invertase in several bacteria. For the putative translation products of orf4, orf5, and orf6, on the other hand, no homologous sequences were found. The function of these open reading frames was studied by deletion analysis. A shuttle vector, pPK705, was constructed for shuttling between Escherichia coli and a Propionibacterium strain containing orf1 (repA), orf2 (repB), orf5, and orf6 from pRGO1, pUC18, and the hygromycin B-resistant gene as a drug marker. Shuttle vector pPK705 successfully transformed Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii IFO12426 by electroporation at an efficiency of 8 × 10⁶ CFU/μg of DNA under optimized conditions. Transformation of various species of propionibacteria with pPK705 was also performed at efficiencies of about 10⁴ to 10⁷ CFU/μg of DNA. The vector was stably maintained in strains of P. freudenreichii subsp. shermanii, P. freudenreichii, P. pentosaceum, and P. freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii grown under nonselective conditions. Successful manipulation of a host-vector system in propionibacteria should facilitate genetic studies and lead to creation of genes that are useful industrially.     

A molecular analysis of the 53.3 minute region of the Escherichia coli linkage map

The coding characteristics of four plasmids expressing a protein (BCP) which comigrates with bacterioferritin were examined and the nucleotide sequence of a common 1985 bp segment from the 53 min region of the Escherichia coli linkage map was determined. Three open reading-frames (orf1, orf2 and orf3) were detected, and orf2 (bcp, 156 amino acid codons) appeared to encode the bacterioferritin comigratory protein, BCP. The translation product of orf3 (205 amino acid codons) resembled the iron-sulphur protein component (DMS B subunit) of the anaerobic dimethylsulphoxide reductase complex of E. coli.     

Complete Sequence of Plasmid pLH1 from Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC15009: Analysis Reveals the Presence of Regions Homologous to Other Native Plasmids from the Host Strain

The complete sequence for plasmid pLH1 from Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC15009 has been determined. Analysis of the 19,360-bp primary sequence revealed a putative replication origin and initiation protein, information that could provide the basis for the construction of cloning vectors for L. helveticus. Evidence that pLH1 is theta-replicating could be deduced from the plasmid size, from the homology to the replication protein of the Bacillus natto theta-replicating plasmid pLS32, and from the identification of a putative resolvase gene (orf-195). Although 14 open reading frames capable of encoding polypeptides longer than 100 amino acids were identified, none, on the basis of homology with known sequences, appeared to encode a well-characterized trait relevant to milk fermentation. Plasmid pLH1 revealed regions of identity with the smaller cryptic plasmids (pLH2 and pLH3) from the same strain and with other tracts of DNA, including insertion sequence elements, from a variety of other lactic acid bacteria. The presence of such regions provides a basis for developing an explanation of the phenotypic variability observed in these bacteria. The plasmid also appears to possess a number of genetic elements present in other lactic acid bacterial plasmids, conservation of which would be consistent with an important functional or evolutionary role. It could be argued that the plasmid complement of L. helveticus ATCC15009 consists of parasitic entities concerned only with their own replication and survival.