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大部分细菌无叶绿素,不能进行光合作用,但也有相当一部分细菌能够利用光作为能源、利用CO2作为碳源、以无机物作为供红体还原CO2合成生活所需的有机物质,这些细菌称之为光合细菌。光合细菌又根据它们在光合作用过程中的供氢体是无机物还是有机物而分为两类光合营养型。以无机物为供氢体的光合细菌称为光能自养型;以有机物为供氢体的光合细菌称为光合异养型。属于光能自养型的细菌例如绿硫细菌,其光合作用过程同高等绿色植物的光合作用过程相似,所不同的是高等绿色植物光合作用是以水作为CO。的还原剂,同时放出O。;而在绿硫细菌光… 相似文献
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水稻土中紫色光合细菌沿纬度梯度的空间分异特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
紫色光合细菌由于其代谢途径的多样性,在环境中广泛分布,是生态系统中碳循环的参与者和推动者之一。但是,水稻土中紫色光合细菌群落结构的空间分异却鲜有报道。基于此,沿我国温度梯度带(纬度梯度:28.38°N—47.43°N),采集了8个典型水稻土,利用PCR-DGGE指纹图谱和系统发育树分析揭示不同地点水稻土中紫色光合细菌群落的组成;结合多个环境因子,利用生物信息学,典范对应分析(Canonical Correspondence Analysis,CCA)和最小判别效应分析(Cladogram,LDA)明确水稻土中紫色光合细菌的空间分异规律。研究发现我国8个典型水稻土中紫色光合细菌主要由变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的α和β这两个分支组成,主要为紫色非硫细菌;p H和纬度都是驱动水稻土中紫色光合细菌群落结构分异的关键因子。该认知不仅有助于更好地揭示稻田关键功能微生物群的生物地理学分布,还有助于进一步探究我国稻田生态系统有机质转化的时空差异。 相似文献
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紫色非硫细菌光合基因表达调控研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
紫色非硫细菌光合基因表达调控研究进展吴大庆,钱新民(山东大学微生物所,济南250100)紫色非硫细菌purplenonsulfurbacteria,以下简称PNS菌,即红螺菌科(Rhodosp-irillaceae),属于光合细菌的α和β亚门,具有较... 相似文献
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紫色非硫细菌(Athiorhodaceae)可以在光照条件上厌氧生长,也可以在暗处好氧生长或厌氧生长。在光照条件下,它们可以行光合自养生长,也可以行光合异养生长。大多数光合细菌还能固氮,利用大气中的氮为生长的唯一氮源,同时能由固氮酶催化放氢。因此这类微生物在光合作用、固氮作用和生物力能学等 相似文献
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人们以光合细菌中的紫色非硫光合细菌如球形红细菌和荚膜红细菌等为模型,在阐明光合作用机制等方面取得了很多成果,但对于紫色非硫光合细菌中的沼泽红细菌报道较少。直到1988年Harwood等人发现沼泽红细菌可以利用多种芳香族化合物如木质素单体、苯甲酸和4—羟基苯甲酸等作为唯一碳源进行光照厌氧生长或好氧生长,使沼泽红细菌成为研究该类化合物降解机制的一个良好模型。近年来,沼泽红细菌降解苯甲酸的途径已基本搞清。目前,研究集中于两个方向,一是有关酶类的提纯及性质研究,二是有关基因的克隆。 相似文献
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研究兼性厌氧紫色非硫螺旋菌及严格厌氧紫色硫细菌的离体载色体的非循环光合磷酸化,结果指出: (1)在厌氧并用HOQNO抑制载色体循环光合磷酸化的情况下,以过量维生素丙及催化量DCPIP为电子供体时,维生素K_3,FMN,反丁烯二酸等化合物均可作为电子受体构成非循环光合磷酸化。(2)在有氧状态时,维生素丙及DCPIP为电子供体的非循环光合磷酸化能以分子氧为最终电子受体。外加任何电子受体,不再促进磷酸化活力。(3)紫色硫细菌的载色体尚能以H_2S为电子供体与维生素K_3构成非循环光合磷酸化。(4)在载色体中的氢化酶的催化下,分子氢可以通过DCPIP,在光下联接于维生素K_3或反丁烯二酸的还原。其所偶联的磷酸化,具有非循环类型的特性。基于上述结果,对非循环光合磷酸化在光合细菌中的生理意义作了简短的讨论。 相似文献
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光合细菌的开发应用进展 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
1光合细菌的主要类群光合细菌是能进行光合作用的一类细菌。它是地球上最早出现的具有原始光能合成体系的原核生物。目前,主要根据光合细菌所具有的光合色素体系和光合作用中是否能以硫为电子供体将其划分为4个科:Rhodospirilaceae(红色无硫细菌)、... 相似文献
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Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases 相似文献
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Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme
responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare
the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show
that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by
distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of
demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least
one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of
the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable
potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs. 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献