陕西荚蒾叶化学成分的研究

采用色谱技术对陕西荚蒾叶的化学成分进行研究,并通过NMR、IR、MS等波谱法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到8个单体化合物,经鉴定为:对羟基桂皮酸(1)、7-羟基-6-甲氧基香豆素(2)、β-香树脂酮(3)、7-羟基香豆素(4)、香草酸(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6)、3β,20-二羟基-5β-孕甾烷(7)和β-谷甾醇(8)。以上所有化合物均为首次从陕西荚蒾中分离得到。     

构树皮中三萜类化学成分

对构树皮的化学成分进行进一步研究,通过反复硅胶柱层析从构树皮乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取部位中分离得到六个三萜成分,利用波谱技术及理化性质鉴定其化学结构分别为3β-乙酰氧基-甘遂-7-烯-24S,25二醇(1),3β-乙酰氧基-7,23-甘遂二烯-25-醇(2),羽扇豆醇(3),α-香树脂醇乙酸酯(4),3β,25-二羟基-7,23-甘遂二烯(5)和β-香树脂醇(6)。其中化合物1为新的甘遂烷型三萜,化合物2～5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

紫茎泽兰中的酚酸衍生物和甾类化学成分

为了解紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng.)的化学成分,从其地上部分茎和叶中分离得到4个酚酸衍生物和5个甾体化合物。经光谱分析,分别鉴定为2-羟基苯丙醇(1)、香豆素(2)、去甲氧基英西卡林(3)、英西卡林(4)、3β-acetoxy-25-hydroxydammara-20,23-diene(5)、3β-acetoxy-24-hydroxydammara-20,25-diene(6)、豆甾-4,22-二烯-3-酮(7)、豆甾醇(8)和β-胡萝卜苷(9)。化合物1、2、5~7为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

大管的化学成分研究

从小芸木属植物大管茎皮部位共分离得到12个化合物,运用MS、1H NMR和13C NMR等波谱方法并结合文献对照分别鉴定为5-formyl-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin(1),isoscoploletin-β-D-glucoside(2),6-(trans-1-buten-3-only)-7-methoxycoumarin(3),6-羟基-7-甲氧基香豆素(4),microfalcatin isovalerate(5),小芸木宁(6),丁香苷(7),coniferin(8),methyl 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate(9),2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-trans-cinnamic acid(10),3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲醛(11)和邻仲丁基苯酚(12)。其中化合物1为新的天然产物;除5和6外,其余化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到。     

城口东俄芹化学成分研究

采用硅胶、聚酰胺、Sephadex LH-20、大孔吸附树脂等柱色谱方法从城口东俄芹的全草中分离得到6个化学成分,根据理化性质和NMR波谱分析分别鉴定为suberosin(1)、crenulatin(2)、7-羟基-8-甲氧基香豆素(3)、luteolin-7-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)和daphnolin(6)。所有化合物均首次从东俄芹属中分离得到,其中3、4和6首次从伞形科中分离得到。     

诺丽发酵果汁化学成分及抗氧化活性研究

采用多种色谱技术从诺丽(Morinda citrifolia)发酵果汁中分离得到10个化合物,并应用波谱学方法进行结构鉴定,分别鉴定为6,7-二羟基香豆素(1)、7-羟基香豆素(2)、东莨菪亭(3)、6-羟基-7-甲氧基香豆素(4)、7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素(5)、1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(6)、(1S,3S)-1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(7)、(1R,3S)-1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(8)、对羟基苯甲酸(9)、龙胆酸(10)。利用DPPH和ABTS+·自由基清除能力法进行抗氧化活性测定,其中化合物1、3、4、10抗氧化活性较强,化合物1和10清除DPPH和ABTS+·自由基能力的IC50值分别为160.87、8.32和6.17、9.71μmol/L。化合物2、5~8均系首次从该植物中分离,本研究得到诺丽发酵果汁中香豆素、有机酸和生物碱三类成分,并且化合物1、3、4、10抗氧化活性良好。     

伊犁杂花薰衣草叶化学成分研究

目的:对新疆伊犁杂花薰衣草叶的化学成分进行分离和鉴定。方法:用95%乙醇加热回流提取,萃取物上硅胶柱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质,并利用质谱(MS)和核磁共振(NMR)技术确定其结构。结果:从伊犁薰衣草叶的乙酸乙酯部位分离出了2个化合物,鉴定为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ),香豆素(Ⅱ);正丁醇部位分离出了3个化合物,鉴定为熊果酸(Ⅲ)、齐敦果酸(Ⅳ)、咖啡酸(Ⅴ)。结论:香豆素(Ⅱ)、齐墩果酸(Ⅳ)为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

链霉菌YIM69228发酵液中化学成分的研究

对链霉菌YIM69228发酵液进行了化学成分的研究,从中分离得到十个化合物。根据波谱数据分析,鉴定其结构分别为:(S)-2-羟基-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-丙酸(1),异莨菪亭(2),N-苯乙基乙酰胺(3),肉桂酸(4),丁二酸单甲酯(5),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(6),海藻糖(7),吐叶醇(8),Citroside A(9),苄基-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1″-6’)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10)。首次鉴定了天然产物化合物1的构型,其中化合物8～10为首次从链霉菌属放线菌中分离得到。     

杨桃根水提取物化学成分及生物活性的研究

为探究杨桃根中具备降血糖功能的活性成分,采用色谱分离方法从其水提取物中分离得到9个化合物,应用波谱技术对它们的化学结构进行了鉴定,分别命名为prismaconnatoside(1),tarennanosides A(2),(+)-catechin(3),fernandoside(4),7a-[(β-glucopyranosyl) oxy]-lyoniresinol(5),(+)-lyoniresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6),(-)-lyon-iresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),(-)-5’-methoxy-isolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8)和正辛烷(9)。其中化合物1,2,4,5均为首次从杨桃中分离得到,化合物3为首次从杨桃根中分离得到。对部分单体化合物进行了体外α-葡萄糖苷酶和DPP-IV酶抑制活性测试,化合物1具有较强的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。     

抱茎苦荬菜水溶性成分的分离与结构鉴定

从抱茎苦荬菜的水溶性成分分离得到5个化合物,根据理化性质和光谱数据分别鉴定为木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(1),木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖1→2葡萄糖苷(2),芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(3),菊苣酸(4),(-)3,4-二羟基咖啡酰基酒石酸(5)。化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.