中国烟草曲叶病毒广西株的初步研究

双生病毒(Geminivirus)是一种具有孪生颗粒形态的单链环状DNA植物病毒[1].根 据基因组结构特征及传播介体,双生病毒可分为三个亚组[1]:亚组Ⅰ双生病毒全 部为叶蝉传播的单组份基因组病毒,基因组大小在2.6～2.8kb之间,其代表病毒是玉米条纹病毒(MSV);亚组Ⅱ双生病毒是单组份基因组病毒,基因组大小在2.7～3.0kb之间;亚组Ⅲ双生病毒全部为粉虱(Bemisiatabaci)传播,基因组大小为2.5～2.8kb,除番茄曲叶病毒TLCV -AUS [2]等几个病毒为单组份基因组外,大多数亚组Ⅲ双生病病毒均为双组份基因组,稍大的组份叫DNA A,一般编码四个基因,稍小的组份叫DNA B,编码二个基因.烟草曲叶病 毒(TbLCV)和番茄黄化曲叶病毒(TYLCV)都属于双生病毒亚组Ⅲ[3,4].     

植物双生病毒研究进展

双生病毒（Ｇｅｍｉｎｉｖｉｒｕｓ）是一组具有双生颗粒形态的单链环状ＤＮＡ植物病毒［１～３］。典型的双生病毒为１８×３０ｎｍ颗粒,基因组大小为２．５～３．０ｋｎｔ。双生病毒研究已成为植物病毒学最活跃的领域之一。１双生病毒的性质１．１双生病毒组的成员划分...     

植物双生病毒的复制及转录调控研究进展

双生病毒(Geminiviruses)是一类具有孪生颗粒形态的植物病毒,颗粒大小约为18nm×30nm.双生病毒成员众多,大致可分为三个亚组.双生病毒通常以粉虱或叶蝉为媒介进行传播,侵染范围十分广泛,对农业生产造成巨大的危害.感病植株一般表现为花叶、曲叶、黄化等症状,严重地影响了植物的正常生长.最近几年,属于双生病毒亚组Ⅲ的棉花曲叶病毒(Cotton leaf curl virus,CLCuV)在印巴次大陆广泛流行,严重时可使棉花绝收.双生病毒基因组DNA为单链环状形式,长度约为2 400nt～3 000nt.对双生病毒基因组结构、遗传表达机制,及其分类和进化进行深入的了解,有助于揭示寄主植物与病毒相互间的作用方式,进而为防治由双生病毒引起的植物病害奠定基础.本文就上述内容的最新进展作一简要综述.     

鸡减蛋综合症病毒（EDSV）基因组右末端结构的分析

从中国发病鸡中分离的鸡减蛋综合征病毒（ＥｇｇＤｒｏｐＳｙｎｄｒｏｍＶｉｒｕｓ,ＥＤＳＶ）弱毒株（ＡＡ－２）,其基因组全长约为３３ｋｂ。用限制性内切酶ＨｉｎｄⅢ水解ＥＤＳＶ全基因组,构建了以ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔⅡ（ＫＳ＋）为载体的右末端片段的克隆。对其进行了序列 测定和结构分析。     

中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒DNA聚合酶基因的克隆和序列分析

应用谷实夜蛾核型多角体病毒（ＨｚＳＮＰＶ）ＤＮＡ聚合酶基因ＨｉｎｄⅢ／ＰｓｔⅠ３５９６ｂｐ片段作探针,经Ｓｏｕｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交,克隆了中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒（ＨａＳＮＰＶ）完整的ＤＮＡ聚合酶基因,大小约为３．４ｋｂ。限制性内切酶分析表明,ＨａＳＮＰＶＤＮＡ聚合酶基因限制性内切酶图谱与ＨｚＳＮＰＶ相似。用双脱氧链终止法测定该基因部分核苷酸序列（８０５ｂｐ）,推导出编码区２０６ａ。序列同源性比较显示,ＨａＳＮＰＶＤＮＡ聚合酶与ＨｚＳＮＰＶ之间具有高度的同源性;与ＬｄＭＮＰＶ、ＡｃＭＮＰＶ、ＢｍＳＮＰＶ、ＣｆＭＮＰＶ和ＯｐＭＮＰＶ也具有一定的同源性     

鸡减蛋综合征病毒(EDSV)基因组右末端结构的分析

从中国发病鸡中分离的鸡减蛋综合征病毒（ＥｇｇＤｒｏｐＳｙｎｄｒｏｍＶｉｒｕｓ,ＥＤＳＶ）弱毒株（ＡＡ－２）,其基因组全长约为３３ｋｂ。用限制性内切酶ＨｉｎｄⅢ水解ＥＤＳＶ全基因组,构建了以ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔⅡ（ＫＳ＋）为载体的右末端片段的克隆（约４．２ｋｂ）,对其进行了序列测定和结构分析。该片段全长４１８３个碱基对（ｂｐ）,位于基因组右末端８７．３ｍ．ｕ．－１００ｍ．ｕ．。结果显示,该片段与哺乳动物腺病毒右末端Ｅ４区结构不同,与禽Ⅰ型腺病毒代表株ＣＥＬＯ右末端片段亦无同源性。本文为深入了解ＥＤＳＶ基因组结构特点,ＥＤＳＶ与其他腺病毒基因结构与功能的进化关系和ＥＤＳＶ载体的构建奠定了分子生物学基础     

水稻草矮病毒核衣壳蛋白基因克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

水稻草状矮化病于70年代曾在南亚、东南亚大面积发生,给当地的水稻生产造成严重损失,在我国也有分布[1]。其病原是水稻草矮病毒(Ｒｉｃｅｇｒａｓｓｙｓｔｕｎｔｖｉｒｕｓ,ＲＧＳＶ),为纤细病毒属(Ｔｅｎｕｉｖｉｒｕｓ)的一个成员,病毒粒体丝状,由核衣壳蛋白和基因组ＲＮＡ组成[2]。基因组含六个ｓｓＲＮＡ片段,均为双义编码[3,4],其中ＲＮＡ5的毒义互补链编码核衣壳蛋白(ｎｕｃｌｅｏｃａｐｓｉｄｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ＮＣＰ)[3]。本文报道应用ＲＴＰＣＲ技术获得ＲＧＳＶ沙县分离株(ＲＧＳＶＳＸ)ＮＣＰ基因的ｃＤＮＡ克隆,并得到其在大肠杆…     

粘虫核多角体病毒0.6kb SalI／HindⅢ片段序列的测定及分析

粘虫核多角体病毒０．６ｋｂＳａｌＩ／ＨｉｎｄⅢ片段序列的测定及分析李小锋,王家旺,金海陵,黄永秀,齐义鹏（武汉大学病毒研究所,武汉４３００７２）关键词粘虫,核多角体病毒,序列测定,早期基因核多角体病毒（ＮｕｃｌｅａｒＰｌｏｙｈｅｄｒｏｓｉｓＶｉｒｕｓ...     

用PCR扩增和克隆鸡传染性贫血病毒全基因组DNA

根据已发表的序列,分别在鸡贫血病毒（ＣＡＶ）环形基因组ＤＮＡ（全长２．３ｋｂ）的ＥｃｏＲＩ位点和ＢａｍＨＩ位点的两侧选择适当序列合成两对引物,用ＰＣＲ技术,从斑点杂交检测到病毒核酸的ＣＡＶ感染的ＭＤＣＣＲＰ１细胞基因组ＤＮＡ中,分别扩增出包含ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＢａｍＨＩ分割开的病毒基因组两部分（１．５ｋｂ和０．８ｋｂ）约１．５ｋｂ和约１．２５ｋｂ的两个片段。再将其中相应序列拼接克隆进ｐＵＣ１８载体,获得包含ＣＡＶ全基因组序列ＤＮＡ片段的克隆质粒ｐＣＡＶ２．４。酶切分析表明,该质粒具有预期的ＢａｍＨＩ位点、ＰｓｔＩ位点、ＨｉｎｄⅢ位点,而预期的ＥｃｏＲＩ位点消失。重组质粒插入ＤＮＡ片段的两端序列分析表明,质粒ｐＣＡＶ２．４是包含ＣＡＶ全基因组序列的重组质粒,插入ＤＮＡ片段序列中的ＥｃｏＲＩ位点序列发生了一个碱基突变。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒H株纤突蛋白基因的RT-PCR/RFLP分型

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(ＩＢＶ)属于冠状病毒科冠状病毒属,可引起鸡呼吸道、输卵管、肾脏、肠道及腺胃等多部位病变。近年来,由于新的ＩＢＶ变异毒株不断出现,从而导致鸡传染性支气管炎病的不断爆发,造成严重的经济损失[1]。ＩＢＶ的基因组为单股ＲＮＡ,约27.6ｋｂ,该基因主要编码3种主要结构蛋白:纤突蛋白(Ｓ)、膜蛋白(Ｍ)和核衣壳蛋白(Ｎ),其中Ｓ蛋白成熟裂解为Ｓ1和Ｓ2两个蛋白亚基。Ｓ1蛋白是ＩＢＶ的主要免疫原基因,可刺激机体产生中和抗体,决定病毒的组织亲嗜性,在病毒血清学分类中起主要作用[1,2]。Ｈ株是1993年在河南省分离的典型肾…     

Chinese tomato yellow leaf curl virus--a new species of geminivirus

ＧｅｍｉｎｉｖｉｒｕｓｅｓａｒｅａｇｒｏｕｐｏｆｐｌａｎｔｖｉｒｕｓｅｓｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｚｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｉｒｃｉｒｃｕｌａｒｓｉｎｇｌｅｓｔｒａｎｄｅｄＤＮＡ(ｓｓＤＮＡ)ｇｅｎｏｍｅａｎｄａｕｎｉｑｕｅｇｅｍｉｎａｔｅｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｙ[1].Ｇｅｍｉｎｉｖｉｒｕｓｅｓａｒｅｄｉｖｉｄｅｄｉｎｔｏｔｈｒｅｅｓｕｂｇｒｏｕｐｓｏｎｔｈｅｂａｓｉｓｏｆｇｅｎｏｍｅｏｒｇａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｎｓｅｃｔｖｅｃｔｏｒ:ＡｌｌｓｕｂｇｒｏｕｐＩｇｅｍｉｎｉｖｉｒｕｓｅｓａｒｅｌｅａｆ…     

侵染广西烟草的中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒及其伴随的卫星DNA分子的基因组特征

从中国广西靖西的烟草病株上分离到病毒分离物G102和G103,用双生病毒特异性引物均扩增出约500bp的片段,两者序列同源性达99%。对G102基因组DNA-A全序列测定表明,其全长为2728个核苷酸,与中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒(TYLCCNV)同源性最高,达96.5%。进一步研究发现,G102和G103都伴随有长为1342个核苷酸的卫星DNA分子(DNAβ),这两个DNAβ分子的全序列与TYLCCNV的DNAβ同源性最高,分别为92.9%和93.4%。这是首次明确广西分离的TYLCCNV也伴随有卫星分子。     

A mixture of begomoviruses in leaf curl-affected tobacco in Karnataka, South India

Tobacco leaf curl is widespread in several states in India including Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Bihar and West Bengal. Tobacco leaf curl virus (TbLCV) isolates collected from five different parts of India induced four distinct symptom phenotypes (group I, II, III & IV) on tobacco cultivars Samsun and Anand 119 (Valand & Muniyappa, 1992). PCR was performed on DNA extracted from group I and IV leaf curl‐affected tobacco from Karnataka, India using degenerate begomovirus‐specific primers. Subsequent cloning and sequencing of PCR products revealed preliminary evidence for the presence of at least three begomoviruses in the affected material following alignment of a 333 bp region of the coat protein gene (CP). The complete CP and common region (CR) of two putative begomoviruses, Tobacco leaf curl virus‐Karnataka1 (TbLCV‐Kar1) and Tobacco leaf curl virus‐Karnataka2 (TbLCV‐Kar2), were sequenced using PCR clones obtained with designed sequence‐specific primers. Phylogenetic analysis of the CP and CR of TbLCV‐Kar1 and TbLCV‐Kar2 placed them in the Asian Old World begomovirus cluster. The two viruses differed from each other significantly in both the CP gene and the CR (< 90% nucleotide sequence identity). This difference, in conjunction with distinct iterative sequences strongly suggests that these begomoviruses are distinct from one another. Group I and IV tobacco were also found to harbour a possible third begomovirus following the 333 bp CP alignment. Comparison of TbLCV‐Kar1 and TbLCV‐Kar2 with other geminiviruses, showed that both sequences shared high nucleotide sequence identity (> 90%) with other begomoviruses in either the CP or CR, thereby suggesting these viruses to be possible strains of other reported begomoviruses. Combined comparison of the CP and CR sequences however, suggests that the two viruses are not strains of other reported begomoviruses, but may be distinct begomoviruses that could have arisen through recombination events during mixed infections. Phylogenetic comparison demonstrated no significant homology between the Indian tobacco begomoviruses and a tobacco‐infecting begomovirus from Zimbabwe, again showing that as with other geminiviruses, there is a geographic basis for phylogenetic relationships rather than an affiliation with tobacco as a host.     

Use of the polymerase chain reaction to identify mosquito species of the Anopheles gambiae complex

A nonradiometric method has been developed for distinguishing between the sibling species Anopheles gambiae Giles and An. arabiensis Patton, two important Afrotropical vectors of malaria. DNA fragments of species diagnostic length are amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from a small amount of unknown DNA and three different PCR primers. All three PCR primers are based on ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. A universal plus-strand primer (A0) is derived from a conserved region at the 3' end of the 28S rDNA coding region. Two species-specific minus-strand primers (Aa0.5 and Ag1.3) are derived from sequences in the intergenic spacers. The Ag1.3 sequence is approximately 1.3 kb downstream of A0; the Aa0.5 sequence is about 0.5 kb downstream of A0. When mosquito DNA is amplified in the presence of all three primers, a 1.3 kb fragment is produced if An. gambiae DNA is used as template, and a 0.5 kb fragment is produced if An. arabiensis DNA is used. Amplification of DNA from An.gambiae/An. arabiensis hybrids produces both the 1.3 kb and the 0.5 kb fragments. Neither diagnostic fragment is produced when DNA from other species in the An. gambiae complex is used as template.     

Isolation of recombinant field strains of Marek’s disease virus integrated with reticuloendotheliosis virus genome fragments

Two Marek's disease virus (MDV) field strains were isolated from chickens with tumors independently from Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, and it was confirmed that there were no co-infections with reticuloendotheliosis viruses (REV) in chicken embryo fibroblast cells (CEF) in indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFA) with REV-specific monoclonal antibodies. By dot blot hybridization and PCR of genomic DNA of MDV-infected CEF, it was indicated that LTR fragments of REV genome were integrated into genome of these two MDV field strains. To amplify and clone the integrated REV LTR with MDV sequence at the junction, 4 primers from REV LTR and 7 primers from MDV genome fragment with REV LTR insertion hot points were synthesized and 28 (4x7) pairs of primers (one from REV and another from MDV for each pair) were used in PCR while using the genomic DNA of both strains as the templates. The sequence data demonstrated that both recombinant field strains contained the same REV LTR inserted into MDV at the identical sites in US fragment of the genomes. From the above, it was speculated that both recombinant field MDVs were originated from a same recombinant virus and spread among chicken flocks in two provinces.     

Isolation of recombinant field strains of Marek's disease virus integrated with reticuloendotheliosis virus genome fragments

Two Marek's disease virus (MDV) field strains were isolated from chickens with tumors independently from Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, and it was confirmed that there were no co-infections with reticuloendotheliosis viruses (REV) in chicken embryo fibroblast cells (CEF) in indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFA) with REV-specific monoclonal antibodies. By dot blot hybridization and PCR of genomic DNA of MDV-infected CEF, it was indicated that LTR fragments of REV genome were integrated into genome of these two MDV field strains. To amplify and clone the integrated REV LTR with MDV sequence at the junction, 4 primers from REV LTR and 7 primers from MDV genome fragment with REV LTR insertion hot points were synthesized and 28 (4x7) pairs of primers (one from REV and another from MDV for each pair) were used in PCR while using the genomic DNA of both strains as the templates. The sequence data demonstrated that both recombinant field strains contained the same REV LTR inserted into MDV at the identical sites in US fragment of the genomes. From the above, it was speculated that both recombinant field MDVs were originated from a same recombinant virus and spread among chicken flocks in two provinces.     

Expression of Potato Virus Y Coat Protein Gene in Transgenic Potato

Potato virus Y (PVY) N coat protein (CP) coding sequence was cloned into a plant expression vector pMON316 under the CaMV 35S promoter. Leaf discs of potato (Solanum tuberosum) were used to Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. A large number of regenerated putative transgenic plants were obtained based on kanamycin resistance. Using total DNA purified from transgenic plants as templates and two oligonucleotides synthesized from 5' and 3' of the PVY coat protein gene as primers, the authors carried out polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to check the presence of this gene and obtained a 0. 8 kb specific DNA fragment after 35 cycles of amplification. Southern blot indicated that the PCR product was indeed PVY CP gene which had been integrated into the potato genome. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of our transgenic plants showed that CP gene was expressed in at least some transgenic potato plants.     

HSV-tk基因逆转录病毒重组体的构建与DNA序列分析

目的　构建含有单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型胸苷激酶 (HSV1 tk)基因的逆转录病毒重组载体pLXSN TK。方法设计一对寡核苷酸引物 ,用PCR方法从质粒pHSV10 6中特异扩增HSV tk基因片段 ( 1168bp) ,分别用BamHI和Eco RI酶切后 ,定向连接到质粒pLXSN中 ,转化宿主菌TG1,分别用上述内切酶 ,PCR和DNA测序鉴定重组质粒。结果　酶切鉴定所切下的片段和PCR扩增的片段大小均与预计相符 ,测序结果与文献报道序列及预计结果一致 ,证实符合表达框架。结论　成功构建了HSV tk嵌合重组质粒pLXSN TK。     

嗜热菌Aquifex pyrophilus中mbh 2基因簇的鉴定和部分基因的克隆及测序

基于嗜热菌Aquifex aeolicus的mbhS2基因,设计合成特异性引物,以Aquifex pyrophilus 的染色体DNA为模板,应用PCR技术扩增出目的片段.序列测定结果显示,其推导出的氨基酸序列与A.aeolicus的相应序列具有85%的同源性.以此PCR片段为探针,从A.pyrophilus 的Nco I部分基因组文库(4～6kb)中筛选出含5kb大小插入片段的阳性克隆,进而对其进行了亚克隆及测序.结果表明,该插入子包含A.pyrophilus mbj2基因簇的小亚基基因mbhS2、orf1基因和部分orf2基因.所推导出的氨基酸序列与A.aeolicus的MbhS2和Orf963相比较的同源性分别为81%和60%.