多管藻中R－藻蓝蛋自的分离、结晶和初步晶体学研究

从青岛采集的多管藻（Ｐｏｌｙｓｉｐｈｏｎｉａｕｒｃｅｏｌａｔａ）中分离得到的Ｒ－藻蓝蛋白,在ｐＨ＝７．０的０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸盐－硫酸铵缓冲液中,使用悬滴气相扩散法获得适合Ｘ光衍射分析用单晶。经Ｂｕｅｒｇｅｒ徘循照相和ＸＲＤ—１００面探测仪分析,Ｒ－藻蓝蛋白晶体属于四方晶系,空间群为Ｐ４１（３）２１２,晶胞参数：ａ＝ｂ＝１３７．５ｃ＝２１８．５α＝β＝γ＝９０°。用等比重梯度柱法测定了晶体和母液的比重分别为１．１９和１．０９。根据分子量与晶胞体积估算,一个不对称单位含有一个分子,推测它的分子聚集态形式为（αβ）３。     

单斜Al－（L－丙氨酸）胰岛素初步晶体学研究

用微量气相扩散方法在含酚的柠檬酸缓冲体系中,得到了可供Ｘ射线晶体学分析用的Ａｌ－（Ｌ－丙氨酸）胰岛素晶体,晶体衍射能力为２．５Ａ。经Ｘ射线衍射分析确定,该晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为Ｐ２_１,晶胞参数：ａ＝６１．５Ａ,ｂ＝６２．２Ａ,ｃ＝４８．３Ａ,α＝γ＝９０．０°,β＝１１０．９°。晶胞中每个结晶学不对称单位含有一个Ａｌ－（Ｌ－丙氨酸）胰岛素六聚体。     

1．9A分辨率Al－（L－丙氨酸）胰岛素晶体结构研究

使用Ｘ－ＰＬＯＲ及立体化学制约最小二乘精化技术,并结合差值Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ图人工分析,测定了１．９　分辨率Ａｌ修饰丙氨酸胰岛素的晶体结构,晶体空间群为Ｒ３,晶胞参数：ａ＝ｂ＝８０．８９,ｃ＝３７．６４。精化后的结构模型最终偏离因子Ｒ＝０．１８５,同理想键长和键角的均方根偏差分别为０．０１８和３．５°,独立区内二个分子的Ａ链Ｎ端Ａｌ－丙氨酸残基清晰可见。     

B链氨端去－肽（B1）羧端去五肽（B26—30）猪胰岛素的初步晶体学研究

应用悬滴气相扩散法在含６％氯化钠和１２．５％丙酮的柠檬酸缓冲体系中,获得可供Ｘ射线结构分析用的Ｂ链氨端去－肽（Ｂ１）羧端去五肽（Ｂ２６－３０）猪胰岛素单晶体。晶体属四方晶系,空间群为Ｐ４１２２或Ｐ４３２２,晶胞参数为：ａ＝ｂ＝３６．０Ａ,ｃ＝１２０．０Ａ,α＝β＝γ＝９０度。单位晶胞中每个结晶学不对称单位含有２个ＤｅｓＢ１－ＤＰＩ分子。     

X片上用颅外径线推算颅腔体积的研究——其逐步回归方程式与评价

为应用简便,本文对１８—７６岁正常成人１０４人（男６７,女３７）的Ｘ线正、侧位片上对颅外线或弧长等作了测量,并就其与颅腔体积的关系进行了认真的研究。用逐步回归分析法筛选出与推算颅腔体积的最佳因子为颅最大长（Ｘ１）、颅高（Ｘ２）,颅宽（Ｘ３）、颅矢状弧（Ｘ６）,它们之间呈正相关关系,其复相关系数Ｒ＝０．７４（女）±０．７９（男）,均Ｐ０．０００１。建立逐步回归方程式：１．男：Ｙ＾＝１．７１Ｘ１＋０．６７Ｘ３＋２．８８Ｘ６－１７８８．０２（ｃｍ３）２．女：Ｙ＾＝５．３８Ｘ１＋５．３６Ｘ２＋６．１４Ｘ３－１５４１．７３（ｃｍ３）本方程可供推算成人颅腔体积使用。     

Al-(L-丙氨酸)胰岛素晶体学研究

应用微量过饱和静置法在含柠檬酸钠和氯化钠的晶体生长体系中得到适合Ｘ射线衍射分析用的Ａｌ－（Ｌ－丙氯酸）胰岛素单晶体。晶体属于三方晶系,空间群为Ｒ３晶体衍射分辨率可达１．８Ａ以上。晶胞参数：ａＨ＝８０．８９Ａ,ｂＨ＝８０．８９Ａ,ｃＨ＝３７＼６４Ａ,α＝β＝９０°,γ＝１２０°。每个结晶学不对称单位含有两个Ａｌ－（Ｌ－丙氨酸）胰岛素分子。     

斑头雁脱氧血红蛋白的晶体生长及X射线晶体学的初步研究

报导了以Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ４为还原剂制备脱氧血红蛋白,并以聚乙二醇溶液为沉淀剂,在ｐＨ７．２,蛋白浓度２０ｍｇ／ｍｌ条件下培养出适合于Ｘ射线分析用的斑头雁脱氧血红蛋白晶体,经Ｘ射线平面探测仪收集衍射强度数据和处理。确定晶体属三斜晶系,空间群Ｐ１,晶胞参数α＝７．０９ｎｍ,ｂ＝９．５４ｎｍ,ｃ＝５．８７ｎｍ,α＝７２．８°,β＝６５．９°,γ＝８２．０°,ｖ－３４６．１ｎｍ３,每个不对称单位包含２个四聚体分子,共收集２．８分辨率的独立衍射点３０６５４个,Ｒｍ因子为５．１４％。     

B链氨端去－肽（B1）羧端去五肽（B26—30）猪胰岛素的初步晶体学研究

应用悬滴气相扩散法在含６％氯化纳和１２．５％丙酮的柠檬酸缓冲体系中,获得可供Ｘ射线结构分析用的Ｂ链氨端去一肽（Ｂ１）羧端去五肽（Ｂ２６—３０）猪胰岛素（ＤｅｓＢ１－ＤＰＩ）单晶体。晶体属四方晶系,空间群为Ｐ４１２２或Ｐ４３２２,晶胞参数为：ａ＝ｂ＝３６．０Ａ,ｃ＝１２０．０Ａ,ａ＝β＝γ＝９０°。单位晶胞中每个结晶学不对称单位含有２个ＤｅｓＢ１—ＤＰＩ分子。     

细锥香茶菜甲素的结构订正和丙素的化学结构

前已报道［１］从唇形科香茶菜属植物细锥香茶菜（Ｒａｂｄｏｓｉａｃｏｅｔｓａ（Ｂｕｃｈ．Ｈａｎ．ｅｘＤ．Ｄｏｎ）Ｈａｒａ）中分离到３个结晶单体,并测定了其中两个单体——细锥香茶菜甲素（１）和乙素的结构。本文通过１Ｈ－１ＨＣＯＳＹ、１３Ｃ－１ＨＣＯＳＹ和ＮＯＥＳＹ,修订细锥香茶菜甲素（１）的结构为（２）,并经理化常数测定和光谱分析,确定了另一结晶单体——微量新成分细锥香茶菜丙素（３）的结构。（２）Ｒ１＝Ｒ２＝Ｒ４＝Ｈ,Ｒ３＝ＯＡｃ,Ｒ５＝ＯＣＨ３（３）Ｒ１＝Ｒ３＝Ｒ４＝Ｈ,Ｒ２＝ＯＡｃ,Ｒ５＝ＯＣＨ…     

条斑紫菜中R－藻红蛋白的生化特性

条斑紫菜的Ｒ－藻红蛋白（Ｒ－ＰＥ）,在ＣＭ－５２柱上用含８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ脲的０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ乙酸铵缓冲液（ｐＨ＝５．０５）洗脱,观察到３条色带,经吸收光谱测定表明,它们分别是α、β、γ亚基。用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ测定的α、β和γ亚基分子量分别是１７．０ｋｄ,１８．０ｋｄ和３１．７ｋｄ。Ｒ－ＰＥ中亚基的摩尔比是６α：６β：１γ。条斑紫菜的Ｒ－ＰＥ最稳定的聚集态分子量是２２９ｋｄ。各亚基的发色团含量：α亚基含２个藻红胆素（ＰＥＢ）,β亚基含１个ＰＥＢ和０．５个藻尿胆素（ＰＵＢ）,γ亚基含２个ＰＥＢ和３个ＰＵＢ。结合Ｒ－ＰＥ和各亚基的氨基酸组成分析,条斑紫菜的Ｒ－ＰＥ亚基组成是（αβ）６γ。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.