hIL-6·hIL-6Rα·gp130三元复合物的结构预测

通过Delphi方法分析人白介素6（human interleukin-6,hIL-6）／人白介素6受体α亚基（human interleukin-6 receptor α subunit,hIL-6Rα）复合物、gp130（β subunit）的空间构象的表观静电分布,利用分子对接方法研究gp130与hIL-6/hIL-6Rα复合物作用形成三元复合物的空间构象,经过分子力学优化、分子动力学常温动态模拟借助分子间相互作用（范德华力、氢键、盐键等）、反应自由能理论探讨hIL-6·hIL-6Rα·gp130复合物稳定构象结合部位的结构域.分析结果表明,gp130蛋白表面富集较强的负电势,复合物hIL-6/hIL-6R一侧表面富集较强的正电势,gp130借助蛋白表面的静电作用结合hIL-6/hIL-6R复合物,介导hIL-6信号;hIL-6中的helix-C、loop-BC、loop-CD参与同gp130中的loopEF、linker、loopA′B′、loopB′C′、loopD′E′作用,hIL-6R中的loopA′B′、β-strand E′参与同gp130中的loopA′B′、β-strand E′作用.     

白细胞介素6受体

白细胞介素６受体（ＩＬ－６Ｒ）是造血生长因子受体家族的一员。它由一个８０ｋＤ的配基结合链（ＩＬ－６Ｒ）和作为信号转导子的非配基结合链ｇｐ１３０组成,ＩＬ－６Ｒ既能以膜受体形式存在,也能以可溶性受体形式存在。可溶性白介素６受体（ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ）同样具有膜受体的功能。白介素６受体的表达及调节在某些白介素６相关疾病的发病过程中起着重要作用。     

GP130与IL—6信号途径

ＩＬ－６受体两个亚基ＩＬ－６Ｒα和ｇｐ１３０组成。ＩＬ－６与之形成三元复合体,然后激后与ｇｐ１３０相偶联的Ｊａｋ家族的酪氨酸激酶,诱发系列的磷酸化事件,激活Ｒａｓ途径及新发现的不依赖Ｒａｓ的途径,即直接激活ＳＴＡＴ家族成员ＡＰＲＦ等,然后,诱导靶基因表达。     

IL－6受体结构与功能的研究进展

ＩＬ－６是一个多功能的细胞因子,其生物学作用在很大程度上受ＩＬ－６受体（ＩＬ－６Ｒ）结构和功能的影响。ＩＬ－６Ｒ由两条多肽链组成,即配体结合链ｇｐ８０和信号传导链ｇｐ１３０。它们在结构和功能上既有分工又有合作。两种亚基组成的高和力ＩＬ－６Ｒ是介导细胞效应所必需的。ＩＬ－６Ｒα中的造血功能区属于造血因子受体超家族成员,它决定着结合ＩＬ－６的能力,然而ｇｐ１３０则是多种细胞因子共用的信号传递分子,其胞     

重组人白介素6受体功能区片段的功能鉴定

用生物素标记重组人白介素６受体功能区片段ｒＩＬ６Ｒ－２８及其二联体蛋白ｒＩＬ６Ｒ－５３,竞争ＥＬＩＳＡ表明重组蛋白可以与配基ＩＬ－６特异结合,流式细胞术检测结果表明ＩＬ－６与生物素标记的重组蛋白所形成的复合物能够与７ＴＤ１细胞表面的ｇｐ１３０结合,而７ＴＤ１细胞生长分析则表明,重组蛋白可以增强ＩＬ－６对７ＴＤ１细胞的生长刺激作用。     

一种新的促心肌肥大细胞因子——心脏营养素

心脏营养素１（ｃａｒｄｉｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｎ１,ＣＴ１）是新发现的一种具有促心肌肥大作用的活性物质,为白细胞介素６（ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎｓ６,ＩＬ６）细胞因子家族的新成员,其受体由三部分组成,包括ｇｐ１３０、ｇｐ１９０和分子量为８０ｋＤ的ＣＴ１特异受体。ＣＴ１与受体结合,可促进未成熟心肌细胞的存活和增殖,并诱导心肌细胞肥大,可能在多种心血管疾病所致的心肌肥大和心力衰竭的发病中具有重要的意义     

白介素18的受体和结合蛋白

１９９５年,日本学者首次鉴定了白介素１８（ＩＬ－１８）。它具有多种生物学功能,在宿主防御及致病过程中起着重要作用,这些作用是通过它与细胞表面的ＩＬ－１８受体（ＩＬ－１８Ｒ）相互作用实现的。近两年来,ＩＬ－１８Ｒ的研究进展迅速,已鉴定了ＩＬ－１８Ｒ的α链（ＩＬ－１８Ｒα）和β链（ＩＬ－１８Ｒβ）及ＩＬ－１８结合蛋白（ＩＬ－１８ＢＰ）,从而对ＩＬ－１８Ｒ的信号转导通路有了进一步的理解。１．ＩＬ－１８ＲαＩＬ－１８Ｒα为ＩＬ－１８的主要结合亚基,属于Ｉｇ超家族成员。ｈＩＬ－１８Ｒα与ｍＩＬ－１８Ｒα前…     

人白介素6受体功能区片段在E．coli中的表达

通过ＤＮＡ体外重组技术,以ｐＥＴ－３ｂ为表达载体,构建了重组表达质粒ｐＥＴ－６Ｒ（Ｂ）和ＰＥＴ－６Ｒ（Ｂ）４,分别编码２８ｋＤ的ｈＩＬ－６Ｒ配基结合区片段及其５３ｋＤ的二联体蛋白,并为酶切分析和ＤＮＡ序列分析所证实。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析表明,含有重组表达质粒的菌株可分别表达出２８ｋＤ的蛋白ｒＩＬ６Ｒ－２８和５３ｋＤ的ｒＩＬ６Ｒ－５３。重组蛋白分别占菌体总蛋白的４５％和２９％左右。重组蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹表明重组蛋白具有ＩＬ－６Ｒ的抗原性。     

用显微切割技术和催化信号扩增法检测何杰金病瘤细胞（H／RS）中的 …

为明确何杰金病（Ｈｏｄｇｋｉｎ’ｓ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ,ＨＤ）瘤细胞中是否存在人巨细胞病毒（ｈｕｍａｎ ｃｙｔｏｍｅｇａｌｏｖｉｒｕｓ,ＨＣＭＶ）感染,采用显微切割技术结合ＰＣＲ方法检测ＨＤ组织及其瘤细胞Ｈｏｄｇｋｉｎ／Ｒｅｅｄ－Ｓｔｅｒｎｂｅｒｇ（Ｈ／ＲＳ）中的ＨＣＭＶ核酸;采用免疫组织化学催化信号扩增（ｃａｔａｌｙｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎａｌ ａｍｐｌｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ,ＣＳＡ）法检测ＨＤ中ＨＣＭＶ的立即     

gp130的结构,功能信信号传导

ｇｐ１３０是ＩＬ－６家族细胞因子共用的受体和信号转导子,弄清ｇｐ１３０结构与功能的关系以及ｇｐ１３０介导的信号途径,对于阐明ＩＬ－６家族不同因子作用的特异性具有十分重要的意义。本文就ｇｐ１３０结构、功能及其信号传导等方面的最新进展进行了简要综述。     

人白介素6受体结合功能域的构效关系研究

以分子对接（docking）方法研究人白介素6受体胞外区配基结合功能域“WSXWS”区氨基酸残基定点突变对受体与配基人白介素6结合时的相互作用能量、分子间相互作用的影响,从分子力学、分子动态学分析了人白介素6受体胞外区功能域关键氨基酸残基在受体与配基结合中的构象变化以及与人白介素6间的相互作用.     

Prediction on the binding domain between human interleukin-6 and its receptor

Based on the spatial conformations of human interleukin-6 (hIL-6) derived from nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and human interleukin-6 receptor (hIL-6R) modeled with homology modeling method using human growth hormone receptor as template, the interaction between hIL-6 and its receptor (hIL-6R) is studied with docking program according to the surface electrostatic potential analysis and spatial conformation complement. The stable region structure composed of hIL-6 and hIL-6R is obtained on the basis of molecular mechanism optimization and molecular dynamics simulation. The binding domain between hIL-6 and hIL-6R is predicted theoretically. Furthermore, the especial binding sites that influence the interaction between hIL-6 and hIL-6R are confirmed. The results lay a theoretical foundation for confirming the active regions of hIL-6 and designing novel antagonist with computer-guided techniques.     

Prediction on the binding domain between human interleukin-6 and its receptor

Based on the spatial conformations of human interleukin-6 (hlL-6) derived from nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and human interleukin-6 receptor (hlL-6R) modeled with homology modeling method using human growth hormone receptor as template, the interaction between hlL-6 and its receptor (hIL-6R) is studied with docking program according to the surface electrostatic potential analysis and spatial conformation complement. The stable region structure composed of hlL-6 and hlL-6R is obtained on the basis of molecular mechanism optimization and molecular dynamics simulation. The binding domain between hIL-6 and hIL-6R is predicted theoretically. Furthermore, the especial binding sites that influence the interaction between hlL-6 and hlL-6R are confirmed. The results lay a theoretical foundation for confirming the active regions of hlL-6 and designing novel antagonist with computer-guided techniques.     

hIL-6与其受体作用的结构基础及拮抗剂的研究进展

通过对大量的分子生物学实验及晶体衍射结果的分析 ,从分子水平揭示人白细胞介素 6(hIL 6 )与其受体相互作用的结构模式及结合表位 .hIL 6属于促红细胞生成素受体超家族 ,首先和hIL 6受体α低亲和力结合 ,两者形成的复合物再与hIL 6受体 β(gp130 )的胞外区相互作用形成高亲和力三聚体 ,但是hIL 6不能单独和gp130结合 ,需要借助于hIL 6受体α的桥梁作用才能将二者联系起来进而促进六聚体的形成 .hIL 6是一种能够介导细胞表面信号转导 ,调节机体免疫及造血干细胞增殖和分化的细胞因子 ,许多疾病的发病机理及发展进程都和hIL 6过表达有关 .基于对hIL 6与其受体相互作用方式的探究 ,为hIL 6小分子拮抗剂的药物设计提供了理论模型 ,在此基础上已研究开发了许多不同种类的hIL 6新型分子拮抗剂 ,其中部分拮抗剂已应用于临床指导 .     

Partial purification and characterization of the active entity responsible for inducing interleukin-6 production by human gingival fibroblasts from Mycoplasma salivarium cells

The active entity responsible for inducing interleukin-6 production by human gingival fibroblasts was partially purified by ion-exchange chromatography from the water-soluble fraction of Mycoplasma salivarium cells. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the final preparation revealed one densely stained band with a molecular weight of 20.6 kilodaltons and two faint bands with molecular weights of 40.5 and 82.5 kilodaltons. The specific activity of the final preparation was 34-fold higher than that of the starting water-soluble fraction. The interleukin-6-inducing activity was destroyed by proteinase K and reduced 70% by lipoprotein lipase and heat treatment, but was not affected by deoxyribonuclease I or endoglucosidase D. The final preparation induced small amounts of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-lbeta in a myelomonocytic cell line, THP-1 cells, but did not induce interleukin-6. The ability of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide to stimulate human gingival fibroblasts to release interleukin-6 was dependent upon the presence of serum in the assay medium, but that of the final preparation from M. salivarium was not. Thus, we partially purified the protein(s) from M. salivarium which were capable of stimulating human gingival fibroblasts to release interleukin-6 by a mechanism different from that of E. coli lipopolysaccharide.     

Sphingosine modulates interleukin-6 synthesis in osteoblasts

We previously reported that prostaglandin (PG)E₁ and PGF_2α induce the synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6) via activation of protein kinase (PK)A and PKC, respectively, in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, we have shown that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) elicits IL-6 synthesis through intracellular Ca²⁺ mobilization in these cells and that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) induces IL-6 synthesis through sphingosine 1-phosphate produced by sphingomyelin hydrolysis. In the present study, among sphingomyelin metabolites, we examined the effect of sphingosine on IL-6 synthesis induced by various agonists in MC3T3-E1 cells. Sphingosine inhibited the IL-6 synthesis induced by PGF_2α or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, an activator of PKC. Sphingosine suppressed the PGE₁-induced IL-6 synthesis. The IL-6 synthesis induced by cholera toxin, forskolin, or dibutyryl cAMP was inhibited by sphingosine. Sphingosine inhibited the IL-6 synthesis induced by bFGF or A23187. However, sphingosine did not affect the IL-6 synthesis induced by interleukin-1. On the contrary, sphingosine enhanced the TNF-induced IL-6 synthesis. DL-threo-Dihydrosphingosine, an inhibitor of sphingosine kinase, reduced the enhancement by sphingosine as well as the TNF-effect. These results indicate that sphingosine modulates the IL-6 synthesis stimulated by various agonists in osteoblasts. J. Cell. Biochem. 70:338–345. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Gp130 activation by soluble interleukin-6 receptor/interleukin-6 enhances osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) promotes osteodifferentiation in bone-located progenitors; however, it is not known whether this cytokine affects the differentiation of bone marrow-located osteoprogenitors. To address this issue, we prepared human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which were characterized by a cell surface phenotype and multipotential nature. It was observed that in the presence of IL-6, MSCs were not differentiated into the osteogenic lineage, as evidenced by a failure to induce alkaline phosphatase activity, an earlier marker of osteodifferentiation. The lack of effect of IL-6 correlates with the observation that MSCs do not express a membrane-bound or soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R). The incompetence of IL-6 was not reversed by the addition of sIL-6R alone or the sIL-6R/IL-6 complex, as it occurs in other IL-6R-negative cells. However, after MSC osteocommittment by dexamethasone, sIL-6R or the sIL-6R/IL-6 complex enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity. The effect of sIL-6R or sIL-6R/IL-6 proved to be dependent on gp130 availability, which is expressed by MSCs, and involves stat-3 phosphorylation. These data suggest that IL-6R deficiency may represent for bone marrow-located mesenchymal progenitors a sort of protective mechanism to escape the osteogenic effect of IL-6, which is produced by the MSC itself as well as by other marrow stromal cells.     

Structure-function analysis of human IL-6: identification of two distinct regions that are important for receptor binding.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays an important role in host defense. It has been predicted that IL-6 may fold as a 4 alpha-helix bundle structure with up-up-down-down topology. Despite a high degree of sequence similarity (42%) the human and mouse IL-6 polypeptides display distinct species-specific activities. Although human IL-6 (hIL-6) is active in both human and mouse cell assays, mouse IL-6 (mIL-6) is not active on human cells. Previously, we demonstrated that the 5 C-terminal residues of mIL-6 are important for activity, conformation, and stability (Ward LD et al., 1993, Protein Sci 2:1472-1481). To further probe the structure-function relationship of this cytokine, we have constructed several human/mouse IL-6 hybrid molecules. Restriction endonuclease sites were introduced and used to ligate the human and mouse sequences at junction points situated at Leu-62 (Lys-65 in mIL-6) in the putative connecting loop AB between helices A and B, at Arg-113 (Val-117 in mIL-6) at the N-terminal end of helix C, at Lys-150 (Asp-152 in mIL-6) in the connecting loop CD between helices C and D, and at Leu-178 (Thr-180 in mIL-6) in helix D. Hybrid molecules consisting of various combinations of these fragments were constructed, expressed, and purified to homogeneity. The conformational integrity of the IL-6 hybrids was assessed by far-UV CD. Analysis of their biological activity in a human bioassay (using the HepG2 cell line), a mouse bioassay (using the 7TD1 cell line), and receptor binding properties indicates that at least 2 regions of hIL-6, residues 178-184 in helix D and residues 63-113 in the region incorporating part of the putative connecting loop AB through to the beginning of helix C, are critical for efficient binding to the human IL-6 receptor. For human IL-6, it would appear that interactions between residues Ala-180, Leu-181, and Met-184 and residues in the N-terminal region may be critical for maintaining the structure of the molecule; replacement of these residues with the corresponding 3 residues in mouse IL-6 correlated with a significant loss of alpha-helical content and a 200-fold reduction in activity in the mouse bioassay. A homology model of mIL-6 based on the X-ray structure of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is presented.