涿州市中医医院2012-2013年医院感染铜绿假单胞菌耐药率的分析

目的调查铜绿假单胞菌的药物敏感性,为临床合理选择抗菌药物提供依据。方法应用药敏试纸条对2012年1月至2013年12月底涿州市中医医院感染患者临床标本中分离的144株铜绿假单胞菌进行药敏试验。结果所分离的铜绿假单胞菌标本中痰占80.8%,该菌对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、复方新诺明100%耐药,对多粘菌素耐药率最低(0%)。结论所分离的铜绿假单胞菌对抗菌药的耐药性普遍存在,在临床中合理使用抗菌药物是十分重要的。     

细菌生化反应简易快速检验法

为了便于基层开展细菌检验工作,我们参考有关资料,设计了一种多用途的培养基和含各种不同糖(醇)类以及尿素、醋酸铅和吲(口朶)的干滤纸片(以下简称试纸片)。在一个平皿内用一种培养基就可以得出7—8种或更多的生化反应结果。各种试纸片在保存14年后,除吲(口朶)试纸片失效外,其余试纸片均与制备时的效果相同。现将试验结果作一初步报道。     

心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白胶体金检测试纸条的制备和初步应用

目的应用胶体金免疫层析法制备检测全血或血清样本中心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白（H-FABP）的检测试纸条,用于急性心肌梗塞（AMI）的早期辅助诊断。方法采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金,标记鼠抗心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白单克隆抗体,喷于玻璃纤维膜上制成胶体金结合物垫,将另一株鼠抗心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白单克隆抗体和抗鼠二抗分别包被检测线和质控线,组装成试纸条进行灵敏性、特异性、精密性、稳定性及临床样品检测。结果该试纸条的检测灵敏度为10ng／mL,15min内可判定结果;与肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白、肌酸激酶、人心肌肌红蛋白无交叉反应。检测240份临床标本,与临床诊断结果进行配对分析,阳性符合率95．83％、阴性符合率100％、总符合率97．92％。结论制备的H-FABP检测试纸条有良好的灵敏性、特异性,可用于早期AMI的辅助诊断。     

番茄环斑病毒纳米荧光颗粒试纸条的研制

目的:研发一种快速、便捷检测番茄环斑病毒(ToRSV)的方法。方法:以荧光纳米颗粒为标记物,采用免疫层析试验方法制备ToRSV荧光纳米颗粒试纸条,在紫外灯下观察试纸条上的荧光信号,作为结果判定依据。结果:用制备的荧光纳米颗粒试纸条检测包括ToRSV在内的9种病毒,仅ToRSV有阳性反应,其余待测样品均呈阴性,表明该试纸条具有较好的特异性;用该荧光试纸条与传统胶体金试纸条进行灵敏度测试时,其灵敏性高于胶体金试纸条1倍以上,且稳定性试验结果良好。结论:ToRSV荧光纳米颗粒试纸条的研制,为快速检测ToRSV提供了有效手段,该方法可用于现场检验,具有广阔的应用前景。     

软骨寡聚基质蛋白荧光免疫层析定量检测方法建立

本研究旨在建立一种可用于类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis, RA)辅助诊断的人软骨寡聚基质蛋白(cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, COMP)荧光层析检测方法。采用双抗体夹心法原理制备免疫层析试纸条,并进行性能评价及方法学对比。通过对临床样本的检测得到受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic, ROC)曲线,计算试纸条灵敏度、特异性、阳性和阴性预测值。线性范围为0.39–50.00ng/mL;批内批间变异系数均小于15%;试纸条37℃加速破坏20d,荧光信号强度变化范围在15%以内;与类风湿因子(rheumatoid factor,RF)、抗环瓜氨酸肽(anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide,anti-CCP)抗体无交叉反应;与ELISA试剂盒平行检测48份临床血清样本,相关性良好。采用本研究制备的试纸条检测样本,COMP区分RA患者和健康人的cut-off值为22.55 ng/mL (灵敏度为0.821,特异度为0.842,阳性预测值为0.741,阴性预...     

基于纳米金核酸探针的新型试纸条对灿烂弧菌快速检测

灿烂弧菌Vibrio splendidus作为一种水产条件致病菌,可以感染多种水产养殖动物,给水产养殖业带来巨大的经济损失。文中将核酸外切酶Ⅲ酶切信号放大策略和纳米金标记DNA探针核酸试纸条相结合,建立了一种新型高效的灿烂弧菌检测方法,检测结果可凭肉眼直接判定,并突破了常规免疫试纸条单克隆抗体制备困难的障碍。经过实验条件优化,该核酸试纸条对灿烂弧菌人工合成寡核苷酸DNA片段的检测限是5 ng/mL,对灿烂弧菌基因组DNA实际样本的检测限是10 ng/mL,较PCR法灵敏度高,并对灿烂弧菌具有检测特异性。研究结果实现了核酸试纸条的快捷制备及对灿烂弧菌的高效检测,为水产病害的防治开辟了新的途径。     

院内150例真菌感染及其耐药性分析

目的研究院内真菌感染的特点及耐药状况。方法对临床标本分离的真菌,用TAB Expression鉴定仪鉴定,E—test抗真菌药敏试纸条进行药敏试验。结果150株真菌共有14个种,以白色念珠菌为主．占45．3％。各种真菌对6种抗真菌药物均有不同程度的耐药。结论院内真菌感染呈上升趋势,并且产生一定的耐药株。     

人肺炎链球菌快速检测胶体金试纸的研制

[目的]研制一种快速检测人肺炎链球菌(S. pneumoniae)的免疫胶体金层析试纸。[方法]对肺炎链球菌表面蛋白A(pneumococcal surface protein A,PspA)基因序列(Gen Bank:U89711)作生物信息学分析,选取抗原表位强、种内同源性高的片段克隆表达纯化重组蛋白rPspA,并免疫BALB/c小鼠制备单克隆抗体;以双抗夹心法制备胶体金免疫层析试纸,并对其特异性、灵敏度以及稳定性进行验证分析。[结果]制备的胶体金试纸对rPspA最低检测限达到0. 1pg/m L,可在15min内完成对肺炎链球菌的检测,与其他10种重要呼吸道病原菌无交叉反应;试纸条在25℃条件下保存6个月仍具有良好的重复性和稳定性。[结论]PspA蛋白具有高度的表面暴露性和较强的抗原性,可作为Sp的检测标志物,以其抗体为基础制备的胶体金免疫层析试纸,适用于Sp菌感染的临床快速检测。     

假丝酵母菌尿路感染临床观察及耐药性分析

目的 调查和分析尿路感染假丝酵母菌的分布及耐药情况,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据.方法 尿液采用经典型浸片Uricult培养,使用ATB-Fungus板条进行药敏试验,利用WHONET 5.6对浙江萧山医院2008年1月至2012年12月间尿培养分离菌株及药敏结果进行回顾性分析.结果 共分离出假丝酵母菌273株,其中白假丝酵母菌占37.4％,光滑假丝酵母菌28.9％、热带假丝酵母菌27.8％;临床分离数量以ICU(58)最多,其次为泌尿外科(50)和内科(49).药敏结果显示:两性霉素B、5-氟胞嘧啶对白假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌和光滑假丝酵母菌仍保持较强的抗菌活性,敏感率≥98.6％,伏立康唑敏感率≥86.3％.结论 尿路感染分离得到的假丝酵母菌以白假丝酵母菌为主,其次为光滑假丝酵母菌和热带假丝酵母菌;两性霉素B、5-氟胞嘧啶对假丝酵母菌保持较强的抗菌活性,是治疗假丝酵母菌感染的首选药物.临床应重视假丝酵母菌的培养和其药敏试验,根据药敏结果科学合理使用抗真菌药物.     

药敏药片临床应用观察报告

报导了药敏药片对国际质控标准株抑菌试验,结果表明均在标准范围。并做了药片与纸片对比,其中片重差药敏药片变异系数cv=2．935,纸片cv=5．85,抑菌环差药片cv=0,纸片cv=2．38,其均匀度,准确度合格,表明药片片间差小,药物含量均匀,精密度好于纸片。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.