四种简易切花保鲜剂比较试验

以瓶插寿命、鲜重及水分平衡值变化为指标,探讨由蔗糖、食盐、酒精、阿司匹林、食醋、青霉素等日常用品组成的四种配方的简易保鲜剂,对香石竹、非洲菊和玫瑰鲜切花的保鲜效果。结果表明,四种保鲜剂中,以配方B(1 L水+10 g蔗糖+10 g食盐+10 ml酒精)保鲜效果较为理想,能改善花枝的吸水状况,延长鲜切花水分平衡时间,从而延长鲜切花瓶插寿命。     

冷藏唐菖蒲切花瓶插过程中水分平衡及若干生理指标的变化

测定唐菖蒲新鲜切花和冷藏切花瓶插过程中的水分平衡、鲜重与某些生理指标的变化。结果表明,瓶插过程中,冷藏切花吸水和失水初时受阻,鲜重增加值大大低于新鲜切花;与瓶插同期的新鲜切花相比,冷藏切花各部位小花花瓣和苞片可溶性蛋白质明显降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量明显较高,过氧化物酶(POD)活性和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均明显下降。对唐菖蒲切花冷藏后品质变劣的原因作了讨论。     

广西植物研究所数项科研成果通过鉴定

广西植物研究所数项科研成果通过鉴定一九九四年五、六月间,广西植物研究所有四项科研成果通过广西区科委或广西科学院组织的成果鉴定．它们分别是：Ｉ、鲜切花无土栽培技术开发该项研究把园艺现代化新技术——无土栽培应用于鲜切花的栽培．对唐基蒲、康乃馨进行栽培基质...     

四种鲜切花保鲜剂的筛选

本文研究了四种鲜切花(唐菖蒲、月季、康乃馨和鹤望兰)的保鲜剂配方,观测各种保鲜剂对切花外观品质和瓶插寿命的影响,从中筛选出各种鲜切花的较佳保鲜剂,并讨论了组成保鲜剂配方的各种成分(糖、杀菌剂、有机酸、无机盐、乙烯抑制剂和拮抗剂以及植物生长调节剂)的作用。     

切花保鲜原理和简便方法

切花是指可供插入瓶中进行水养或制成花篮、花环等花卉植物的花朵、花枝、枝叶、果实等器官的统称。切花保鲜主要是研究花枝、花朵的保鲜,延长切花的寿命,增加观赏价值。1切花的衰老与保鲜切花采取后生理代谢发生很大变化,衰老进程比留在母体快。常温下,一般只能保持3～5天的寿命。保鲜就是设法减缓衰老进程。1．且导致切花衰老的主要原因1．1．1体内水分平衡失调,导致切花凋萎维持细胞紧张度是切花保鲜的必要条件之一。细胞含有充足的水分,才能维持本身的紧张度和正常代谢,才能保持花的正常姿态和新鲜度,这就要求保鲜过程中,切花…     

不同保鲜剂对洋桔梗鲜切花保鲜效果的影响

洋桔梗(Eustoma russellianum)又名土耳其桔梗,为龙胆科一年生草本花卉,原产美国德克萨斯州.属于多花型鲜切花,单个植株采切时有5～10朵花,花色繁多,花姿优美,极具观赏价值.目前,栽培品种己达几百种之多,尤以日本为盛,有逐渐代替香石竹之势,但我国还处于引种试验阶段,没有形成规模种植.洋桔梗鲜切花极易衰败,一般瓶插寿命只有5～6 d,而目前有关洋桔梗鲜切花保鲜剂的研究甚少.     

保鲜剂对山茶花切花保鲜效果的研究

以山茶花为材料,使用20 g/L蔗糖+50 mg/L SA+0.2 mmol/L STS+30 mg/L 6-BA+75 mg/L Al2(SO4)3配制成的保鲜剂,以蒸馏水作为对照,研究保鲜剂对山茶花鲜切花采后生理指标的影响。结果表明:该保鲜剂处理可有效减缓山茶花可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的下降,抑制游离脯氨酸含量、MDA含量以及细胞膜相对透性的上升幅度,延缓POD活性的下降。该保鲜剂具有明显的延缓山茶花鲜切花衰老的效果。     

室内鲜切花保鲜技术初探

一、充满爱心的选题 母亲节那天,三班班长张凤丽给妈妈买了一大束鲜花,可没过几天就叶蔫花谢了。如何让鲜切花保持较长的开放期？张凤丽同学提出的问题让我们开始了有趣而又充满爱心的探究活动。     

室内鲜切花保鲜技术初探

<正>一、充满爱心的选题母亲节那天,三班班长张凤丽给妈妈买了一大束鲜花,可没过几天就叶蔫花谢了。如何让鲜切花保持较长的开放期?张凤丽同学提出的问题让我们开始了有趣而又充满爱心的探究活动。     

S3307对非洲菊鲜切花的保鲜效应

本文探讨$3307对非洲菊（Gerbera jamesonii Bolus）鲜切花的保鲜效应。非洲菊采白沈阳农业大学附近花圃。选取外轮舌状花完全开放、内轮管状花开放1～2轮、花径大小基本一致的非洲菊花枝，于水中剪切成30cm长，分别插入内盛300mL保鲜液的三角瓶中，每瓶3枝。     

Physiological response and extension of vase life of cut carnation flowers treated with ethanol and acetaldehyde. II. Protein content and enzyme activity

Ethanol and acetaldehyde both prevent the formation of ethylene bysenescing cut carnation flowers. This is due to the almost complete inhibitionof the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-carboxylic acid oxidase. Thesetreatmentsalso reduce the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid content of the tissue andresult in a loss of protein. The protein content of treated flowers wassignificantly lower than that of control flowers, due to a general rather thanspecific loss of protein. This affects the metabolism of the flowers,preventingenzyme mediated reactions as well as cell growth and development. One enzymethat remained active was alcohol dehydrogenase, allowing for a constantshuttling between ethanol and acetaldehyde.     

植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命的影响

用0.13％和0.013％植酸对月季切花进行处理,探讨了植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命及衰老过程中一些生理生化指标的影响.结果表明,013％和0.013％植酸处理的切花,瓶插寿命分别延长了2.3 d和1.4d.植酸处理抑制了O-2含量的增加和POD活性的提高,从而减轻了O-2对植物细胞的伤害即抑制丙二醛含量增加,同时抑制了可溶...     

Age-related changes in petal membranes from attached and detached rose flowers

Changes in petal membrane properties during aging were studied in cut and in attached rose flowers (Rosa hybrida L., cv Mercedes). Both cut and attached flowers exhibited a growth phase characterized by an increase in fresh weight and an accumulation of membrane components. The growth phase, which was more pronounced in the attached than in the cut flowers, was followed by a senescence phase, characterized by a decrease in fresh weight and a decline in membrane components. In cut flowers, both the growth and the senescence phases were accompanied by a decrease in membrane fluidity and in the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids, but the ratio of sterol to phospholipid increased. In attached flowers, while both the membrane fluidity and the sterol-to-phospholipid ratio remained unchanged during the growth phase, the senescence phase was accompanied (as in cut flowers) by a decrease in membrane fluidity and an increase in the sterol-to-phospholipid ratio. Unlike in cut flowers, however, the age-related changes in the ratio of unsaturation of fatty acids were not correlated with those of fluidity. Changes in the saturation of phospholipid acyl chains are commonly thought to influence membrane fluidity. Our observations question this view and suggest instead that the ratio of sterol to phospholipid may play the major role in maintaining membrane lipid fluidity.     

烯效唑（S-3307）对非洲菊切花保鲜的影响

以非洲菊(GerberajamesoniiBolus)切花为材料,以保鲜基本液(BP,20gL-1蔗糖 200mgL-1柠檬酸 150mgL-18-羟基喹啉柠檬酸盐)和添加30mgL-1烯效唑(S-3307)的基本液(BP S-3307)作对比实验,通过对切花外部形态观察和切花衰老过程中一些生理生化指标测定,探讨了S-3307对非洲菊切花的保鲜效果。结果表明,S-3307处理使切花的瓶插寿命比对照(蒸馏水)延长了4.3d,比BP处理延长了2.3d,而弯颈率分别仅为对照和BP处理的9.6%和28.8%。说明S-3307可增强切花的吸水能力,增加花枝的鲜重,延缓了切花花瓣中蛋白质的降解和抗氧化酶SOD和CAT活性的下降,并减少了游离脯氨酸和MDA的积累,维持膜结构的相对稳定性,从而延缓了非洲菊切花的衰老和提高了切花瓶插期间的观赏品质。     

月季切花衰老过程中多胺与膜脂过氧化的关系

以月季切花为材料,研究了月季切花瓶插过程中多胺含量的变化,外源多胺处理对月季药花体内多胺含量的影响以及多胺与膜脂过氧化的关系。结果表明,月季切花瓶插衰老过程中腐胺在前2d略有增加,亚精胺和精胺均呈下降趋势;外源亚精胺和精胺处理均能增加切花体内多胺含量,并能延缓切花衰老和改善切花品质;且亚精胺和精胺处理降低了MDA含量的积累和膜相对透性的上升趋势。     

The Water Balance of Cut Rose Flowers

A sharp decline in water potential of petal tissue associated with wilting of cut rose flowers is described. Such a decline did not develop in senescing intact flowers. A circadian rhythm in water absorption by cut flowers was observed. The decline in fresh weight observed in the last phase of the vase life of cut flowers occurred earlier in a short-lived cultivar than in a longer-lived one. A decline in potential conductivity to water was observed with time in stems of cut roses. Concomitantly cellulase activity increased after cutting. Flowers held in cellulase solution wilted earlier than the controls. However, no difference was found in these two parameters between two cultivars differing in their longevity. The difference in longevity between the two cultivars was large especially under conditions promoting high transpiration rates, and was narrowed when flowers were either held in mild conditions, or the leaves were stripped off. Although stomates were equally open in intact flowers of the two cultivars, in cut flower shoots of the short-lived cultivar stomates were more widely open. In accordance transpiration rates were higher, and wilting occurred earlier in the short-lived cultivar than in the long-lived one. It is concluded that the earlier wilting of cut flowers of the short-lived cultivar is mainly due to lower ability to close stomates in response to water stress conditions, and not to earlier formation of vascular blockage.     

Role of cytokinins in carnation flower senescence

Stem and leaf tissues of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) plants appear to contain a natural antisenescence factor since removal of most of these tissues from cut carnation flowers hastened their senescence. However, kinetin (5-10 μg/ml) significantly delayed senescence of flowers with stem and leaf tissues removed. In addition, the life span of cut flowers with intact (30-cm) stems was increased with kinetin treatment. Peak ethylene production by presenescent flowers was reduced 55% or more with kinetin treatment and was delayed by 1 day. Kinetin-treated flowers were less responsive to applied ethylene (100 μl/l for 3 hours) than untreated flowers. Possible natural roles of cytokinins in carnation flower senescence are discussed.     

木醋液对鲜切麝香百合的保鲜效应

以木醋液为保鲜液,对鲜切麝香百合进行瓶插保鲜的结果表明：木醋液能增强麝香百合吸收保鲜液的能力,延长其盛花期和瓶插寿命,增强过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性,降低麝香百合瓶插期间的丙二醛（MDA）含量和过氧化物酶（POD）活性,延缓其衰老,其中以3．4g&#183;L^-1木醋液对鲜切百合的保鲜效应最好。