阿托伐他汀联合厄贝沙坦对老年早期糖尿病肾病患者肾功能及微炎症状态的影响

目的:探讨阿托伐他汀联合厄贝沙坦对老年早期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者肾功能及微炎症状态的影响。方法:选取2016年4月到2017年2月在我院肾内科接受治疗的老年早期DN患者84例,根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各42例。对照组给予厄贝沙坦进行治疗,观察组给予阿托伐他汀联合厄贝沙坦进行治疗。比较两组患者的尿微量白蛋白排泄率(UAER)及两组患者血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,并比较两组患者治疗过程中出现的不良反应。结果:治疗后两组患者的UAER、Scr、BUN、β2-MG水平均降低,且观察组的UAER、Scr、BUN、β2-MG均低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后两组患者血清中IL-1、TNF-α水平均降低,IL-10水平升高(P0.05);治疗后观察组血清中IL-1、TNF-α水平低于对照组,IL-10水平高于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀联合厄贝沙坦对老年早期DN患者有较好的治疗效果,可显著改善患者的肾功能,减轻微炎症状态,且安全性较好,值得临床推广应用。     

阿托伐他汀预处理对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心室重构、炎症反应和氧化应激的影响

目的:研究阿托伐他汀预处理对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心室重构、炎症反应和氧化应激的影响。方法:选取90只SD级大鼠进行研究,将其随机分成假手术组、缺血再灌注组、阿托伐他汀组,每组30只。假手术组与缺血再灌注组大鼠予以生理盐水(5 m L/d)连续灌胃7d处理,阿托伐他汀组予以阿托伐他汀20 mg/(kg·d)连续灌胃7 d,上述干预结束后,缺血再灌注组与阿托伐他汀组大鼠通过阻断大鼠冠状动脉左前降支的方式建立心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。比较三组大鼠心室重构指标水平、炎症反应以及氧化应激相关指标水平。结果:缺血再灌注组、阿托伐他汀组大鼠的左室相对重量、右室相对重量、室间隔厚度、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氧酶(LDH)水平均高于假手术组,且阿托伐他汀组大鼠上述指标均低于缺血再灌注组(均P<0.05);缺血再灌注组、阿托伐他汀组大鼠白介素-10(IL-10)、超氧化物气化酶(SOD)水平低于假手术组,且阿托伐他汀组大鼠IL-10、SOD水平高于缺血再灌注组(均P<0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀预处理可有效预防心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心室重构,同时可在一定程度上改善大鼠的炎症反应和氧化应激反应。     

阿托伐他汀治疗冠心病的临床疗效及机制研究

目的:探讨阿托伐他汀治疗冠心病的临床疗效及其可能机制。方法:按照抽签法将170例冠心病患者分为对照组(n=85)及研究组(n=85),对照组予以常规治疗,研究组在对照组基础上使用阿托伐他汀治疗,比较两组治疗前后血清炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]水平、氧化应激水平[血清丙二醇(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平]、血管内皮功能[血清一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素-1(ET-1)水平]、血脂水平及心功能的变化。结果:治疗后,研究组患者血清TNF-α、MMP-9、CRP、MDA、ET-1、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)水平均显著低于对照组,而血清SOD、NO、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)左心室射血分数(LVEF)水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀可显著提高冠心病患者的心功能,可能与其有效抑制炎症、氧化应激和降低血脂水平有关。     

阿托伐他汀联合依折麦布对冠心病患者氧化应激及血脂水平的影响

目的:探讨依折麦布联合阿托伐他汀对冠心病患者氧化应激及血脂水平的影响及临床疗效。方法:选择2013年8月-2016年8月于我院接受治疗的冠心病患者144例,随机分为对照组和研究组,每组72例。对照组患者给予阿托伐他汀及硝酸甘油治疗,研究组患者给予阿托伐他汀和依折麦布治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清过氧化物酶(MPO)、丙二醇(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平、心功能及临床疗效。结果:研究组患者临床总有效率(87.5%)效显著高于对照组(76.4%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者血清MDA及MPO水平均降低,而SOD水平均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,治疗后研究组患者血清MDA及MPO水平较低,而SOD水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清HDL-C水平均升高,而LDL-C,TC及TG水平均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,治疗后研究组患者血清HDL-C水平较高,而LDL-C,TC及TG水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后LVEDD及LVESD均降低,而LVEF均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,研究组患者治疗后LVEDD及LVESD较低,而LVEF较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:依折麦布联合阿托伐他汀治疗冠心病的临床疗效显著,能够降低患者血脂水平,改善氧化应激反应及心功能,值得临床推广应用。     

缬沙坦联合阿托伐他汀钠对尿毒症维持性血液透析患者炎症因子及营养状况的影响

目的:探讨缬沙坦联合阿托伐他汀钠对维持性血液透析患者炎症因子及其营养状况的影响.方法:将120例维持性血液透析患者随机分为对照组与观察组,每组各60例.给予对照组患者口服阿托伐他汀,观察组患者给予缬沙坦联合阿托伐他汀钠口服.比较两组治疗前后C-反应蛋白(CRP)、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、抵抗素及血清白蛋白(ALb)、血红蛋白(Hb)的变化情况.结果:治疗后6月两组患者hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6及抵抗素水平均显著下降(P＜0.05),但观察组患者上述指标显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组治疗后Alb及Hb水平显著高于对照组,差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:缬沙坦联合阿托伐他汀钠用于维持性血液透析患者,可显著减少炎症因子水平,改善患者营养状况.     

骨化三醇对IgA肾病患者血清无机盐离子、肾小管间质损伤尿液生物学标志物及肾小球功能的影响

目的:探讨骨化三醇对Ig A肾病患者血清无机盐离子、肾小管间质损伤尿液生物学标志物及肾小球功能的影响。方法:选取我院收治的70例Ig A肾病患者,根据数字随机分组的方式分为对照组(35例)和观察组(35例)。对照组给予厄贝沙坦片,观察组给予厄贝沙坦片和骨化三醇胶丸。比较两组治疗前后血钾(K)、血钙(Ca)、血磷(P)、α1微球蛋白(α1-MG)、N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、尿β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)及尿微量白蛋白(U-m Alb)水平的变化。结果:治疗后,两组血K、Ca、P含量与治疗前相比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),且组间比较差异亦不显著(P0.05);观察组肾小管间质损伤尿液生物学标志物(血清α1-MG、NAG)水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且均明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组肾小球功能相关因子(血清β2-MG、U-m Alb)水平较治疗前均显著降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:厄贝沙坦联合骨化三醇治疗Ig A肾病能有效减少肾小管损伤,并改善肾小球功能。     

阿托伐他汀对大脑中动脉支架置入后患者血脂、血清CRP及脑缺血性不良事件的影响

目的:探讨阿托伐他汀对大脑中动脉支架置入后患者血脂、血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)及脑缺血性不良事件的影响。方法:选择本院收治的60例行大脑中动脉支架置入术后的患者,采用随机序号的方式将其分为观察组和对照组各30例,其中对照组给予口服拜阿司匹林和硫酸氢氯吡格雷进行治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加服阿托伐他汀进行治疗,对两组治疗后6个月、12个月时患者血脂、血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)及脑缺血性不良事件发生率进行对比分析。结果:观察组在治疗后6个月时LDL-C、TC、TG及CRP含量与治疗前和对照组比较显著下降,比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者在治疗后的12个月时LDL-C、TC、TG及CRP含量亦明显低于治疗前和对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组不良事件发生率为10%,明显低于对照组不良事件发生率的30%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀对不仅可有效改善大脑中动脉支架置入术后患者的血脂、血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)的各项指标水平,而且还能有效的降低脑缺血性不良事件的发生。     

帕金森病患者血清胱抑素C、β-淀粉样蛋白1-42检测的临床意义

目的:探讨帕金森病(PD)患者血清胱抑素C(Cys C)、β-淀粉样蛋白1-42(Aβ1-42)检测的临床意义。方法:选取2018年1月～2019年12月期间本院收治的帕金森病患者97例为研究对象纳入观察组,根据Hoehn-Yahr(HY)病情分期将观察组患者分为早期组(32例)、中期组(37例)、晚期组(28例),另选同期在我院进行体检的健康受试者50例为对照组。对各组受试者的血清Cys C、Aβ1-42、炎性因子、氧化应激指标等进行检测对比,并采用Pearson检验对PD患者的Cys C、Aβ1-42与炎性指标、氧化应激指标的相关性进行分析。结果:观察组血清Cys C、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、丙二醛(MDA)水平均高于对照组,Aβ1-42、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平均低于对照组(P0.05)。在观察组内随着PD病情的加重,血清Cys C、IL-1β、CRP、TNF-α、MDA水平均逐渐升高,Aβ1-42、SOD、GSH-Px水平均逐渐降低,各组间对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。经Pearson检验分析,PD患者的Cys C与IL-1β、CRP、TNF-α、MDA呈正相关,与SOD、GSH-Px呈负相关,Aβ1-42与IL-1β、CRP、TNF-α、MDA呈负相关,与SOD、GSH-Px呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:PD患者血清中Cys C呈现高表达,Aβ1-42呈现低表达,其表达随着患者的病情加重而变化,并且与患者的炎症反应、氧化应激水平有密切的相关性。     

阿托伐他汀治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病改善肺功能的临床效果分析

目的:探讨阿托伐他汀对改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺功能的临床效果。方法:60例C0PD患者随机分为对照组组和治疗组各30例,对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上口服阿托伐他汀(20mg/d)。两组患者随访12周,比较分析两组患者肺功能改善情况及生活质量的变化情况。结果:两组治疗前肺功能无明显差异,治疗后两组肺功能较治疗前均有显著改善。治疗组较对照组第1秒用力呼气容积(FEVl)、用力肺活量(Fvc)、FEVl/FVC和FEVI占预计值百分比(FEVl%Pred)等明显改善,差异有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01);并且生活质量评分治疗组明显高于对照组,差异有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:阿托伐他汀能明显提高慢性阻塞性肺疾病的肺功能,提高患者的生活质量。     

川芎嗪联合阿托伐他汀治疗肺动脉高压的临床疗效分析

目的:观察川芎嗪联合阿托伐他汀治疗肺动脉高压的临床疗效及安全性。方法:将96例肺动脉高压患者随机分成两组,其中治疗组48人,对照组48人。治疗组患者在常规治疗基础上采川芎嗪联合阿托伐他汀治疗,对照组患者在常规治疗基础上单采用阿托伐他汀治疗,通过检测平均动脉压(mAP)、平均肺动脉压(mPAP)、肺血管阻力(PVR)、心脏指数(CI)、左心室射血分数(LVER)、Borg呼吸困难指数(Borg dyspnea)、6分钟步行距离(6TWD)以及肺功能升级(WHO FC)等指标评价其疗效。结果:两组患者经过6个月的治疗后,mPAP、PVR与治疗前相比显著降低,而CI、LVEF和6MWD均显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗前后两组mAP与Borg呼吸困难指数均没有统计学差异(P>0.05),治疗组的mAP、LVEF以及6TWD与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:川芎嗪联合阿托伐他汀治疗充肺动脉高压临床疗效优于单纯应用阿托伐他汀。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.