原子力显微镜研究粘附分子与细胞膜上整合素分子的相互作用

目的：研究肝癌细胞弹性变化对其表达的整合素分子与配体分子相互作用的影响。方法：以壳聚糖/ 聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶作为 可变基底材料,并将人肝肿瘤细胞（HepG2）接种到不同软硬度壳聚糖/ 聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶基底上,利用原子力显微镜力与距离模 式定量测定不同软硬基底上生长的HepG2 肝瘤细胞膜表面整合素分子与层粘连蛋白分子之间相互作用力。结果：功能化的原子 力显微镜探针与不同软硬基底上生长的细胞所产生的粘附情况不相同,细胞生长在培养皿的为对照组;细胞生长在硬度为1000 Pa 壳聚糖/聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶基底上的为实验组,表达在HepG2 肝瘤细胞膜上的alpha-6-beta-1 整合素与其配体层粘连蛋白相互作用力 的大小分别为19± 7 pN和38.85± 19.7 pN。结论：基底软硬度会影响细胞整合素与配体分子间的相互作用。     

整合素与RhoA、蛋白激酶A在肿瘤迁移过程中的作用

整合素是一种重要的细胞表面分子,因介导细胞与细胞外基质的粘附和黏着斑的形成等而在对肿瘤迁移的研究中备受关注。小G蛋白RhoA、蛋白激酶A所介导的信号通路在肿瘤迁移过程中所起的作用也是近年来研究的热点。本文综述整合素与RhoA、PKA在肿瘤迁移过程中的作用以及相互影响。     

死亡相关蛋白激酶的功能及其与肿瘤转移的关系

死亡相关蛋白激酶（DAPK）可通过p53途径诱导细胞的凋亡,并与细胞自噬过程相关,可抑制整合素活化抑制细胞黏附．以及影响细胞的极化影响细胞的迁移,是一个与肿瘤的发生、转移密切相关的蛋白质。该文介绍近年来有关DAPK与肿瘤发病及其与肿瘤转移的关系。     

整合素及其信号传导通路

整合素是位于细胞表面的重要黏附分子,通过其双向信号传导通路,介导细胞与细胞外基质及细胞与细胞间的黏附.整合素由胞外域、跨膜域和胞内域3部分组成.胞内域与细胞内信号分子结合,启动胞内一胞外信号传导激活整合素,提高与相应配体亲合力.而胞外域与相应配体结合后,通过胞外-胞内信号传导,调节细胞生存、增殖、黏附、分化功能.近年研究显示,整合素结构功能及信号传导通路异常与多种疾病有关.     

整合素的活化调控

整合素家族是介导细胞与细胞外基质作用的最主要分子,不仅可以识别细胞外环境将信号传到细胞内,还可以通过来自细胞内的信号调节整合素和配体的亲和力,这个过程也就是整合素的活化。本文主要阐述了整合素的活化在生理过程中的重要作用、整合素活性调节的结构基础以及细胞内的信号通路和结合蛋白对整合素活性的影响。     

粘附分子与信号传导

跨膜信号传导是基本的生命现象。粘附分子,尤其是整合素（integrins）,是信号传导中重要的跨膜分子。细胞通过整合素等与配体结合,进行胞内外信息交流,调节细胞与细胞、细胞与基质的粘附以及细胞形态和功能,从而发挥细胞的正常功能。     

整合素αVβ3与病毒感染

整合素αvβ3是一类表达于细胞表面的跨膜糖蛋白粘附分子,由α和β两种Ⅰ型膜蛋白亚单位以非共价键形式连接形成异源二聚体分子。整合素αvβ3可表达于多种细胞,细胞外信号通过不同分子可与其发生相互作用,经整合素αvβ3将细胞外信号传递至细胞内,引起钙离子、Pyk2和磷脂酰肌醇-3(PI-3)激酶等细胞内信号发生变化。整合素αvβ3在血管生成、胚胎发育、肿瘤转移、免疫应答等多种生理和病理过和中发挥着重要的作用。近几年,整合素αvβ3与病毒感染的相关研究进展迅速,本文就整合素αvβ3与病毒感染作一综述。1整合素αvβ3概述1·1整合素αv…     

整合素在细胞响应机械应力中的作用

机械应力在细胞生长、分化和基因表达等生理学过程和某些病理学过程中起了重要的作用.细胞粘附分子——整合素是机械信号转导中重要的跨膜分子.细胞通过整合素与胞外基质蛋白、细胞骨架蛋白以及聚焦粘附激酶等的反应,将感应的力信号转化为化学信号,从而调节细胞的生理机能,其中整合素与胞外基质蛋白之间的动态和特异性反应在细胞的机械信号转导过程中起了功能性作用.     

alpha-v-beta 3整合素与恶性肿瘤侵袭转移关系的研究进展

整合素家族是细胞粘附分子的重要种类之一,主要作用是介导细胞与细胞之间、细胞与细胞外基质之间的粘附效应。医学 研究证实整合素家族与肿瘤的侵袭及远处转移等生物学行为密切相关。整合素alpha-v-beta-3是整合素家族中的一种重要分子,肿瘤血管内 皮细胞中alpha-v-beta-3的表达水平对肿瘤侵袭转移及血管生成有着重要作用,调节琢v茁3的表达水平可明显影响肿瘤的侵袭转移及肿瘤组 织中新生血管的形成。深入研究整合素alpha-vbeta-3的分子调节机制可以为肿瘤治疗提供新的治疗靶点。     

整合素活化及其介导的黏着斑成熟与肿瘤转移

整合素是一类由α和β两个亚基组成的异源二聚体单次跨膜细胞黏附分子,通过与其对应配体相互作用,介导细胞与细胞、细胞与胞外基质之间的黏附,同时可以将细胞外信号传递至胞内,并招募一系列胞内蛋白与整合素胞内段结合,在细胞膜上形成超分子结构,激活下游信号.整合素的活化进程伴随着其胞外结构域由折叠构象转变为伸展构象以及胞内结构域的...     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细