短期环割对骆驼刺气孔导度及叶绿素荧光的影响

为研究骆驼刺对不同环割的生理响应,以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒绿洲外围骆驼刺为试验材料,设置了对照(CK),韧皮部半割(PS),韧皮部全割(PF),木质部半割(XS)4种处理,研究了骆驼刺的气孔导度、光合色素含量、Chl a/b、叶绿素荧光参数和曲线在不同环割处理下的变化特征。结果表明:短期韧皮部半割对骆驼刺各项生理指标影响不明显;韧皮部全割下,骆驼刺气孔导度、光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数有了不同程度的下降;木质部半割显著降低了骆驼刺气孔导度但光合色素含量和大部分荧光参数没有发生变化。处理后第5天和第10天各项参数相差不大,短期内环割对骆驼刺的伤害程度随时间推移变化较小。总体来看,短期环割处理对骆驼刺伤害程度是PFXSPSCK。在荒漠化防治过程中,应尽量避免骆驼刺的韧皮部被全部剥蚀。     

冀中北小麦品种抗旱性筛选研究

干旱是华北地区小麦生产的重要限制因素,从推广小麦品种中鉴定和筛选抗旱品种,对稳定小麦产量、降低区域水分消耗具有重要意义。本研究以近年来在河北省中北部审定、推广的13个小麦品种为材料,设置冬后浇2水(D2处理)、浇1水(D1处理)和不浇水(D0处理)3种处理方式,进行了大田条件下的抗旱品种筛选试验。结果表明,在D0处理时,各供试品种的株高、千粒重、穗粒数、亩穗数等农艺性状以及叶绿素含量、叶片离体失水速率等生理性状均显著下降,籽粒产量也极显著下降。在D1处理时,各小麦品种的农艺、生理和产量性状也发生不同程度下降。当分别以抗旱指数、加权抗旱指数和抗旱性综合度量值等指标度量品种抗旱性时,品种之间的抗旱性排序虽有差异,但仍能看出中麦1062、河农825等品种抗旱性较好。以节水指数对品种进行节水性评价时,发现河农130等3个品种节水性较好。在所测定的农艺、生理性状中,叶绿素含量、小穗数、株高、叶片离体失水速率、旗叶长和穗粒数等与抗旱性存在较高程度的相关性,本研究初步认为叶绿素含量、小穗数可作为抗旱性评价指标。     

神经电生理信号多道同步采集和分析系统

单细胞多点同步记录技术在国内外已经被广泛应用,但在国内仍缺乏与国产或日产细胞电生理记录仪器相匹配的多通道同步生物电信号采集与分析系统。本文介绍了新近研制的可进行双通道甚至晚多通道细胞电生理信号采集的神经细胞电生理信号采集与分析系统,及其关键技术及实现方法和应用实例。     

利用计算机测量心肌收缩功能

本文按照Maxwell心肌模型,在左心室等容收缩期测定心肌收缩功能。应用微电脑技术,将模拟ECG及LVP信号经12位A/D转换器转变成数字量,并自动分析出有关心肌收缩性功能。系统利用R波顶点来确定等容收缩期的起始点,用LVP的导数最大值作为等容期终点,收缩性能的主要指标均在LVP等容收缩期测量,系统能对四道测量信号作实时分析处理,且将四道在原始信号长时间地(可达数小时)不间断地记录在计算机硬盘上待实验完成后,再作详细分析处理。系统运用两种方法得到Vmax值,并作出dp/dL与发展压D.P的心率环图,收缩——舒张环图及有关的30多种重要参数。     

带有外来流入人口和快慢反应的肺结核模型研究

本文研究了一个带有外来流入人口和快慢反应的SEIR肺结核模型,理论分析表明,只有外来潜伏者输入W_E=0时存在无病平衡点,当基本再生数R_O1时,无病平衡点全局渐近稳定。当R_O1时,无病平衡点不稳定.系统存在唯一的渐近稳定的地方病平衡点.最后通过数值模拟验证了理论结果,并且发现外来流入潜伏者和快慢反应参数对于不同流入人口系统的影响存在显著差异.     

模拟酸雨对油菜花期生理特性和产量的影响

以甘蓝型油菜品种秦优九号为材料,通过盆栽试验研究了不同pH值模拟酸雨处理对油菜花期生理特性和产量的影响.结果表明:当模拟酸雨pH=4.0～5.0时,在一定程度上刺激了油菜的生长,植株的生物量、叶绿素含量、光合生理特性和产量构成因素等指标均略高于对照(pH 6.0)或与对照相当,但差异不显著.随着模拟酸雨酸度的增强,植株的生物量、叶绿素含量、光合生理特性、抗氧化酶活性和非酶抗氧化剂含量等生理指标逐渐下降,且随酸度增强下降幅度增大,丙二醛含量和相对电导率显著增加,膜脂过氧化加剧,最终导致单株角果数、每角粒数、粒重和实际产量等指标逐渐下降.但不同产量构成因素对酸雨敏感性不同,单株角果数、每角粒数随酸雨酸度的增强而显著下降,而粒重受酸雨影响不显著.     

基于MIMIC数据库的多参数数据D/A回放系统

文中分析了MIMIC多参数智能监护数据库存储文件的识读方法,该数据库公开发表于PhysioNET,还研究及基于STM32和DAC8568的多参数数据D/A回放系统,包括系统硬件工作原理和系统软件工作原理。MIMIC多参数智能监护数据库的数据文件对于变异性较大的生理参数采用连续采样的方式,而对于相对稳定的生理参数采用周期采样的方式,因此,多参数数据各信号的抽样频率不同。系统首先通过VC++编程读取一个多抽样频率数据并在PC机上显示其波形,然后经过D/A硬件设备进行D/A转换后使用示波器输出其波形,实现输出的波形与原始的波形能同时回放。系统可作为模拟信号源,为远程多参数生理监护仪的研制奠定了基础。     

树木年轮年内高分辨率稳定同位素记录:方法、进展和展望

树轮稳定同位素比率能有效地记录树木生长过程中气候环境变化信息及树木的生理响应机制。年内高分辨率树轮稳定同位素比率则能够提供更为详细的气候环境信息,揭示树木对季节尺度气候环境变化的生理生态响应机制,在古气候和全球变化生态学研究方面显示出巨大的潜力。本文收集了1990年以来发表的树轮年内高分辨率稳定同位素比率研究论文,从样品剥离方法、α-纤维素化学提取方法以及应用等方面综述了其研究进展,展望了年内高分辨率树轮稳定同位素记录研究的潜力和未来发展方向。     

多生理参数监护系统设计

本研究开发一种基于Windows的多项生理参数的监护系统,并集成到下肢康复训练系统中对病人的生理信息实时监测。该系统由生理参数传感器检测人体生理信号通过单片机处理,最终通过串口通信发送到上位机进行实时显示。该设计可为动态心电、血压、血氧、体温等多参数人体信号的检测建立一个软硬件系统平台,经测试,该系统稳定且实用性强。     

用电压敏感染料光学记录膜电位

应用传统电生理方法如微电极和膜片钳技术,在记录较小的神经细胞和纤细的神经突起膜电位及同步记录神经细胞群的电活动等方面目前仍是一大难题。随着生理科学和神经生物学的发展,利用电压敏感染料光学记录膜电位技术已成为一种较为理想的新手段。本文对光学记录膜电位技术的发展史、染料特性和作用机制、光学成像及膜电位记录原理、目前的光学方法中某些不足及未来前景等做了较系统的介绍,并且简述了光学记录膜电位在电生理和神经生物学中的应用。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.