兰州地区健康体检者血脂水平分析

目的:通过检测兰州地区健康体检者空腹血脂水平了解本地区人群血脂水平现状及血脂异常情况,建立本地区血脂参考值。方法:采用全自动生化分析仪检测兰州市2328名健康体检者,血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。比较不同年龄、性别血脂水平差异。结果:本地区2328名被检者,女性TC平均(4.54±0.94)mmol/L,TG中位数1.24mmol/L、HDL-C平均(1.34±0.26)mmol/L、LDL-C平均(2.61±0.76)mmol/L;男性TC平均(4.52±0.84)mmol/L、TG中位数1.56mmol/L mmol/L、HDL-C平均(1.20±0.23)mmol/L LDL-C平均(2.76±0.72)mmol/L,血脂水平随年龄增加逐渐升高(P<0.05)。血脂参考范围为女性TC:2.70~6.38 mmol/L、TG:0.52~3.66 mmol/L、HDL-C:0.83~1.85 mmol/L、LDL-C:1.12~4.10 mmol/L男性:TG:2.87~6.17 mmol/L、0.65~4.00 mmol/L、0.75~1.65 mmol/L、1.35~4.17 mmol/L。男性高TC、高TG、低HDL-C和高LDL-C患病率为18.2%、42.8%、19.6%和28%,女性高TC、高TG、低HDL和高LDL的患病率分别为22.1%、25.5%、2.7%和23.5%。结论:兰州地区血脂水平随年龄、性别、地区不同存在较大差异,临床上不能采用统一标准衡量,而应根据本地区建立的参考值诊断高脂血症。积极控制血脂水平、降低高脂血症患病率预防心脑血管疾病发生。     

大豆低聚糖对高脂血症患者血脂调节作用的随机双盲对照试验

目的:考察功能性大豆低聚糖对高脂血症患者调节血脂的保健功效。方法:选取60例高脂血症患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,采用双盲法,试验组每人每日服用大豆低聚糖12克,对照组服用安慰剂,试验期为30天,试验前后分别检测试验对象血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血常规、尿常规和其它生化指标。结果:试验组血清总胆固醇(TC)平均值(mmol/L)由试验前的7.41±0.86下降为5.58±0.60,差异显著(P<0.05);甘油三酯(TG)平均值(mmol/L)由试验前的2.76±0.73下降为1.74±0.75,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:大豆低聚糖对高脂血症患者具有降低血脂的作用。     

高脂血症对大鼠心电图的影响及其作用机制

目的:探讨在高脂血症状态下,大鼠心电图的变化情况,及高胆固醇血症对心肌电生理特性影响的机制。方法:将20只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组和高脂饮食组,喂养10周后,检测大鼠的血脂水平、心电图和室颤阈值,并通过全细胞膜片钳记录心室肌细胞的ICa,L;利用组织病理学方法评价对照组及高脂饮食组的大鼠动脉粥样硬化的程度。结果:高脂饮食组的大鼠血脂水平与对照组相比明显增高(P<0.01);在高脂饮食组的大鼠动脉血管管壁中,可见广泛分布的粥样硬化斑块。在高脂饮食组的大鼠心电图中,室颤阈值为(4.23±0.12)V,明显低于对照组(12.80±6.34)V,P<0.05。高脂饮食组大鼠的QTc间期(94±16)ms,与对照组(67±12)ms相比明显延长,P<0.05。高脂饮食组大鼠的心室肌细胞的ICa,L密度为(12.83±3.28)pA/pF,与对照组(9.21±2.16)pA/pF相比明显高,P<0.05。结论:高脂饮食后,大鼠的心电图有明显变化,QTc间期延长;高胆固醇血症能明显增加大鼠心肌细胞的ICa,L的,延长复极时程,降低室颤阈值。     

脂类代谢与冠心病的关系——Ⅲ.从我国人血清外观、血脂水平和脂蛋白电泳分型图谱对高脂蛋白血症分型的初步认识

本文目的在于通过血清外观(包括乳糜微粒试验)、血脂水平和脂蛋白分型电泳图谱的综合分析,对我国人高脂蛋白血症分型提出初步认识。一、33例正常人血清外观,有3例轻度混浊,乳糜微粒试验全部阴性。二、43例男性和28例女性的胆固醇相应为166.6±23.5和176,4±29毫克/100毫升;34例男性和28例女性的甘油三酯分别为107.42±41和104.4±29毫克/100毫升,两者在性别上均无统计学显著差异。三、采用累加频数分布曲线计算出胆固醇、甘油三酯和各个脂蛋白的正常高限:胆固醇为198毫克/100毫升,甘油三酯137毫克/100毫升,α-脂蛋白240毫克/100毫升(44.5%),β-脂蛋白309毫克/100毫升(57%),前β-脂蛋白124毫克/100毫升(22.5%)。四、通过测定胆固醇、甘油三酯浓度及血清外观可将高脂血症按高脂蛋白血症分型。在所测33名正常人中血清胆固醇的升高与β-脂蛋白的相符率达85.4%,甘油三酯与前β-脂蛋白的相符率亦达2/3以上。五、鉴于血清外观、血脂浓度通常与一定脂蛋白的浓度有关,因此可用血清外观及血脂测定来筛选高脂蛋白血症及初步预测其类型;相反,依据脂蛋白电泳图谱,不仅可对高脂蛋白血症的类型作出初步判断,也可对血脂水平作出大致估计,两者互相补充,彼此对照,再结合临床资料,无疑会增强辨别高脂蛋白血症类型的可靠性。最后,按照我们的初步认识,对四个高脂蛋白血症的病例作了分型的尝试。     

结直肠息肉与血脂水平的相关性研究

目的:探讨高脂血症与结直肠息肉的相关性,分析结直肠息肉发生的相关危险因素。方法:检测160例结直肠息肉患者和153例对照组患者血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的水平,分别比较结直肠息肉组与对照组、不同病理类型息肉组间、不同部位的结直肠息肉组间、不同性别的结直肠息肉组间以及不同大小息肉组间患者的血脂水平。结果:结直肠息肉组高脂血症发生率高于对照组,男性结直肠息肉组高脂血症发生率高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同病理类型息肉患者血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。左半结肠+直肠息肉组高脂血症发生率高于右半结肠组,体重超重者(BMI≥24 kg/m2)结肠息肉发生率较BMI正常者高,息肉大于1 cm患者高脂血症发生率高于息肉小于1 cm者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:高脂血症、肥胖及男性是发生结直肠息肉的高危因素,而息肉大小、部位均与高脂血症的发生风险密切有关。     

一种新型高脂血症易感大鼠的血脂水平与心血管并发症

目的观察一种新型高脂血症易感WSHc大鼠经高脂饲料诱导后血脂的动态变化和心血管并发症病理特点,为WSHc大鼠的应用提供参考。方法取7～8周龄雌性WSHc大鼠20只和Wistar大鼠10只,进行高脂饲喂,另取同周龄同性别的WSHc大鼠和Wistar大鼠各10只饲喂普通饲料,分别作为正常对照。观察高脂饲喂2、4、8、12、16周时的血脂动态变化,饲喂16周后采用心动超声检测大鼠心功能及左心结构,病理组织学观察心脏及主动脉病变。结果与正常对照组比,高脂饲喂2周后WSHc大鼠与Wistar大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)均显著升高;高脂饲喂的WSHc大鼠TC、LDL-c水平为:(6.34±2.12)mmol/L、(2.56±0.94)mmol/L,而高脂饲喂的Wistar大鼠TC、LDL-c水平仅为(2.93±0.23)mmol/L,(0.63±0.12)mmol/L;在高脂饲喂期间,WSHc大鼠TC始终维持在高水平状态。饲喂16周后,WSHc大鼠心脏射血分数升高,左心室室壁增厚,并出现心肌纤维化,心肌细胞凋亡程度增高;主动脉内膜增厚,弹力纤维排列紊乱,形成早期动脉粥样硬化病变。而Wistar大鼠经高脂饲料诱导后,心功能及心血管病变不明显。结论 WSHc大鼠对外源性胆固醇敏感,高脂饲喂后易发高脂血症及心血管疾病,且TC、LDL-c水平与临床高脂血症更接近,相较于普通大鼠,更适用于高脂血症及相关心血管并发症的实验研究。     

高磷血症维持性血液透析患者的临床分析

目的:比较不同血磷水平的维持性血液透析的尿毒症患者的临床表现和实验室指标,探讨其临床意义。方法:选择上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院(崇明)肾内科28例高血磷(SP>1.6mmol/L)的维持性血液透析患者为病例组,30例血磷正常(SP≤1.6mmol/L)维持性血液透析患者为对照组,比较两组患者的原发病组成,年龄,性别,透析龄,皮肤瘙痒发生率,腰背痛发生率,血钙,血碳酸氢根,血红蛋白,红细胞压积,血碱性磷酸酶,肾功能,血浆白蛋白水平及左心室肥厚发生率。结果:病例组与对照组在原发病组成,年龄(43.2±9.8岁vs 40.5±12.2岁),男女性别比例(16/12 vs.17/13),透析龄(32.56±6.71月vs.35.43±5.82月)等方面无显著性差异(P>0.05),有可比性,在血红蛋白(83.22±6.71g/L vs 103.36±5.84g/L),红细胞压积(24.83±1.92%vs.30.76±1.52%),血钙(1.71±0.16mmol/L vs.2.23±0.21 mmol/L),血碳酸氢根(14.2±3.1mmol/L vs 20.6±4.9 mmol/L),血碱性磷酸酶(124.26±16.33U/L vs.61.47±14.91 U/L),皮肤瘙痒发生率(22/28 vs.7/30),腰背痛发生率(19/28 vs.6/30),左心室肥厚发生率(20/28 vs 12/30),有显著性差异(P<0.05),肌酐(956±142mmol/L vs.923±156 mmol/L),尿素氮(23.1±6.3mmol/L vs.24.8±8.9mmol/L),血浆白蛋白(30.5±3.8g/L vs.31.2±2.9g/L),无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:伴有高磷血症的维持性血液透析患者与血磷正常的患者相比,血碱性磷酸酶,皮肤瘙痒发生率,腰背痛发生率及左心室肥厚发生率较高,而血钙,血碳酸氢根,血红蛋白及红细胞压积较低,有一定差异。     

GDM患者综合性干预的应用研究

本研究旨在探讨综合性干预对妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM)孕妇妊娠结局及新生儿并发症的影响。本研究选取130例妊娠晚期糖尿病患者随机分组,对照组患者给予常规护理,试验组患者实施综合性干预,观察两组患者血糖指标、妊娠结局、新生儿健康状况、血脂水平差异。实验结果显示,试验组空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose, FBG)、糖化血清蛋白(glycosylated serum pritein, GSP)、血管细胞黏附分子-1(CD106)明显低于对照组(p<0.05);试验组早产、剖宫产、羊水过多、产后出血、胎儿窘迫现象明显低于对照组(p<0.05);试验组患者新生儿窒息、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖、新生儿高胆红素血症显著低于对照组(p<0.05);治疗后实验组患者TC (5.63±1.52) mmol/L,TG (3.18±0.45) mmol/L,LDL-C (3.15±0.64) mmol/L显著低于对照组(p<0.05)。研究表明,针对妊娠晚期糖尿病患者应用综合性干预可改善患者血糖水平、血脂水平、妊娠结局,降低巨大儿发生率,具有临床应用推广价值。     

超滤得到的海蜇酶解产物的降血脂功能评价

目的:探讨超滤对于海蜇酶解产物降血脂功能的提高作用。方法:海蜇通过中性蛋白酶酶解后,将超滤过的酶解产物和未超滤的酶解产物分别按照高、中、低三个剂量组喂食高血脂症大鼠模型42d,测定各组血脂水平并进行对照分析。结论:未超滤组的高、中剂量组和超滤组高中低剂量组喂食42d后均观察到大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)的降低,其中未超滤中剂量组(灌胃剂量5 mg/kg.BW)血清总胆固醇(TC)值为2.45±0.28mmol/L,超滤低剂量组(灌胃剂量0.3mg/kg.BW)血清总胆固醇(TC)值为2.61±0.33mmol/L,均明显低于高脂模型对照组(3.38±0.22 mmol/L),未超滤低剂量组(灌胃剂量3mg/kg.BW)血清总胆固醇(TC)值为2.82±0.38mmol/L,相对于高脂模型对照组(3.38±0.22 mmol/L)无显著差异;未超滤中剂量组(灌胃剂量5 mg/kg.BW)甘油三酯(TG)值为0.90±0.21mmol/L,超滤低剂量组(灌胃剂量0.3mg/kg.BW)甘油三酯(TG)值为0.93±0.14 mmol/L,均明显低于高脂模型对照组(1.21±0.20 mmol/L),未超滤低剂量组(灌胃剂量3mg/kg.BW)甘油三酯(TG)值为1.18±0.12mmol/L,相对于高脂模型对照组(1.21±0.20 mmol/L)无显著差异。结论:海蜇多肽的酶解产物具有降血脂功能,超滤能够有效提高海蜇酶解产物的降血脂活性。     

高脂血症的合理治疗

血脂即血中所含脂质的总称,其中主要包括胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、磷脂和脂肪酸。由于脂质代谢或运转异常使血浆中一种或几种脂质高于正常称为高脂血症,可表现为高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症或两者兼有(混合型高脂血症)。脂质不溶于水或微溶于水,必须与载脂蛋白结合以脂蛋白形式存在,才能在血液循环中运转,因此高脂血症常为高脂蛋白血症的反映。     

Serum extracellular superoxide dismutase activity as an indicator of zinc status in humans

The present study focused on whether serum extracellular superoxide dimutase (EC-SOD) activity can be used as a functional indicator of marginal zinc deficiency in humans. Subjects in this study were 444 healthy adults over 30 yr of age living a normal rural life in Kyunggi province, Korea. The mean dietary zinc intake of subjects obtained from one 24-h recall was 6.41 ± 4.35 mg and the average serum zinc concentration of the subjects was 11.06 ± 2.44 (μmol/L. Subjects were divided into three groups by serum zinc concentrations: adequate (serum zinc >10.7 (μmol/L), low (serum zinc 9.0–10.7 μmol/L), and very low (serum zinc <9.0 μmol/L) groups. A total of 50 subjects were selected from the three groups for analysis of EC-SOD activities. The EC-SOD activity of subjects increased with increasing serum zinc concentrations, and the activities of the three groups were significantly different as indicated by the Kruskal-Wallis test (p = 0.0239). Also, serum EC-SOD activities were significantly correlated with serum zinc concentrations (r = 0.289,p = 0.04). Serum EC-SOD activities, however, were not significantly correlated to the dietary zinc intakes. In conclusion, these results show that EC-SOD activities are decreased in subjects with low serum zinc concentrations and suggest that EC-SOD activity may be a functional indicator of zinc nutritional status in humans.     

血清胆碱酯酶同工酶的分离及其同工酶谱

 本文建立了分离SChE同工酶的聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳法,较其他方法简便,分辩力高且结果更清晰。本文对ChE抑制剂,血液抗凝剂和血清貯存时间对SChE同工酶谱的影响进行了研究,同时分离检测了39例正常人和38例肝损害者的SChE同工酶谱及其各带的相对百分活性。正常人均可分出9条同工酶带,部分人有10条(46.2％)和11条(15.4％),说明中国人存在SChE群体变异。肝损害患者的SChE带2—5的活性明显减弱甚至消失,可用于临床诊断。     

Serum paraoxonase activity decreases in rheumatoid arthritis

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the alterations of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). DESIGN AND METHODS: We investigated the serum enzyme activity and concentration of PON1 and their relationship with serum lipids, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) parameters, and acute phase reactants of serum amyloid A (SAA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with RA. RESULTS: Serum paraoxonase (PON) activity was significantly decreased in RA patients (n = 64, 131 +/- 53 micro mol/min/L) compared with healthy subjects (n = 155, 164 +/- 59) despite the absence of any difference in serum lipid levels between the two groups. This decrease of serum PON activity in RA patients was found in every genotype (Q/Q, Q/R, R/R) of PON1 at 192 Q/R. There was a different distribution in PON1 Q/R genotypes between RA patients and healthy subjects, and RA patients exhibited less (44%) positive PON1-Q than did the healthy subjects (66%). In a further investigation of age- and gender-matched subgroups of RA (n = 25) and healthy subjects (n = 25), not only serum PON activity, but also lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was found to be significantly decreased in RA patients (125 +/- 61 micro mol/min/L, 63.2 +/- 17.2 nmol/ml/hr/37 degrees C) than in healthy subjects (169 +/- 67, 74.7 +/- 19.5), respectively. PON1 and LCAT as well as HDL constituent apolipoprotein (apo) AI and apo AII, were altered significantly in RA patients. CONCLUSIONS: Acute-phase HDL, which is remodeled structurally and functionally in RA, might be less anti-atherogenic due to the impairment of original HDL function. These alterations of HDL in RA patients may explain in part the reported increase in cardiovascular mortality in patients with RA.     

Pre-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase mass: correlation with intra-abdominal visceral fat accumulation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine how lipoprotein lipase mass in the pre-heparin plasma is affected by body fat distribution, which is known to be closely related to lipid disorder, either directly or through insulin resistance. SUBJECTS: A total of 57 subjects consisting of 50 hyperlipidemic and 7 normolipidemic subjects (age 54 +/- IIy; 31 men, 26 women; body mass index 24+/- 2.5 kg/m2; serum total cholesterol 6.4+/-1.5 mmol/l; triglycerides, 2.4 +/- 1.7 mmol/l; HDL-cholesterol 1.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/l) were enrolled. MEASUREMENTS: We investigated the correlation between pre-heparin plasma LPL mass and intra-abdominal visceral fat area (or subcutaneous fat area) evaluated by computed tomography, and serum lipids and lipoproteins. RESULTS: Pre-heparin plasma LPL mass correlated inversely against intra-abdominal visceral fat area (r = - 0.51, p < 0.0001) and body mass index (r = - 0.46, p = 0.0003), but did not show any significant correlation with subcutaneous fat area. Pre-heparin plasma LPL mass had a positive correlation with serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.45, p = 0.0004) and a negative correlation against serum triglycerides (r = - 0.48, p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-heparin plasma LPL mass is closely associated with intra-abdominal fat distribution, and the measurement of its value gives useful information concerning metabolic disorder.     

Copper and zinc concentrations and the activities of ceruloplasmin and superoxide dismutase in atherosclerosis obliterans

The relationships among concentrations of copper and zinc, the oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin (Cp) in serum, and Cu,Zn-SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity in erythrocytes were investigated in men with atherosclerosis obliterans (AO) and a control group. The oxidase activity of Cp was measured with o-dianisidine dihydrochloride as a substrate, and Cu,Zn-SOD activity in erythrocytes by using the RANSOD kit. The lipid profile and uric acid concentration were determined in AO and control groups. The results showed higher copper and zinc concentrations in serum in the AO group (20.0±3.5 and 18.0±3.2 μmol/L, respectively) in comparison with the control group (15.6±2.3 and 14.7±1.9 μmol/L). The Cp activity in serum was higher in the AO group (174.2±61.8 U/L) than in the control group (93.7±33.9 U/L), and a significant difference was found in the activity of Cu,Zn-SOD in erythrocytes (2389±1396 and 1245±365 U/g Hb, respectively) between both groups. The activity of Cu,Zn-SOD was positively correlated with copper in the control group (r=0.73), but not in AO, and negatively with uric acid concentration (r=−0.63) in the AO group. The oxidase activity of Cp was correlated with copper, but not zinc, in AO and control groups (r≥0.65). Negative correlation coefficients were calculated for uric acid and copper and zinc concentrations in the AO group (−r≥0.61). Increased copper concentrations and oxidase activity of Cp in serum in AO and the activity of Cu,Zn-SOD in erythrocytes could result from atherosclerotic disease, accompanied by chronic ischemia of a lower limb. These results suggest also that relationship between copper concentration and Cu,Zn-SOD activity in erythrocytes found in the serum of healthy subjects may be disturbed in pathologic conditions.     

9758 例健康体检者血糖与血脂的关系分析

目的:探讨健康体检人群血糖与血脂现况及两者之间的相关性。方法:采集我院9758例健康体检者的空腹静脉血,检测其空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平,比较不同FPG水平组间各血脂水平,分析FPG水平与血脂的相关性。结果:各年龄组FPG、TC、TG、HDL-C和LDL-C水平差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);FPG均与TC、TG和LDL-C水平呈现正相关(r=0.127,0.189,0.141,P0.005),而与HDL-C呈现负相关(r=-0.112,P0.005);根据FPG水平由高到低分为糖尿病(DM)组,血糖调节受损(IFG)组及血糖正常组,其中对TC和LDL-C水平异常率而言,IFG组DM组血糖正常组;对TG、HDL-C水平异常率而言,DM组IFG组血糖正常组。结论:健康人群中血糖和血脂水平呈现一定的相关性,两者的水平异常会增加慢性疾病的发生风险。     

Total Serum Calcium Level May Have Adverse Effects on Serum Cholesterol and Triglycerides Among Female University Faculty and Staffs

Our previous studies showed that serum calcium level may have influence in the blood pressure to older male subjects, but the relationship between serum calcium level and blood lipids is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between total serum calcium level and blood lipids. In our study, total serum calcium level and blood lipids were measured among 1,075 subjects, with age range of 30–60 years, who were recruited for the routine health screening in 2006. The results showed that serum calcium level was positively correlated with triglyceride and total cholesterol weight, but not HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in female subjects (P?<?0.05). No correlation was found between total serum calcium level and blood lipids in male subjects (P?>?0.05). These findings suggest that a higher total serum calcium level may have a adverse effects on serum cholesterol and triglycerides among female subjects.     

Serum leptin concentrations in patients with combined hyperlipidemia: relationship to serum lipids and lipoproteins

Leptin is a protein hormone produced predominantly by adipocytes. Serum leptin concentrations in healthy individuals positively correlate with the body fat content and body mass index, i.e. they are higher in obese than in lean subjects. The relations between serum leptin concentration and serum lipids and lipoproteins is not yet clear. The aim of our study was to compare serum leptin concentrations in 22 randomly selected patients with untreated combined hyperlipidemia and 19 healthy control subjects matched for age and the body mass index. The relationship was studied between serum leptin concentrations and serum lipids (total, HDL, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides) and lipoproteins (lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein B). It was found that serum leptin levels in patients with combined hyperlipidemia did not significantly differ from those of control subjects (6.69+/-4.3 vs 5.78+/-3.2 ng.ml(-1)). Serum leptin concentrations in both groups correlated positively with the body mass index. The relationship between leptin concentrations and lipid or lipoprotein levels found in any of the studied groups was not statistically significant. We conclude that serum leptin concentrations in patients with combined hyperlipidemia as well as in healthy control subjects reflect the body fat content and have no significant relation to serum lipids or lipoproteins.     

Serum Urate,Metabolic Syndrome,and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A Population-Based Study

We studied the associations between serum urate levels (determined in 503 subjects from a population of 1,344 subjects living in northern Madrid) and both the metabolic syndrome (MS) (defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria) and C-reactive protein (CRP, determined in 382 subjects). MS was diagnosed in 25% (95%CI, 21–28%) and was associated with hyperuricemia (p<0.001). There was a graded increase in serum urate levels with increasing number of MS components. Urate concentrations significantly correlated with waist circumference (r=0,455, p<0.01). Serum urate was not independently associated with CRP levels. This study shows that serum urate levels are associated with the presence of MS and each of its features.     

Elevation of red cell sodium-lithium countertransport in hyperlipidemias

Red cell Na-Li countertransport was measured in 78 normal subjects, 64 patients with essential hypertension, and 67 patients with hyperlipidemias. Both hypertensive and hyperlipidemic patients had elevated Na-Li countertransport compared to normal controls (p less than 0.001). Subjects with hyperlipidemia and hypertension had higher countertransport (p less than 0.02) than patients with only hyperlipidemia. Normotensive hyperlipidemic subjects had higher countertransport than normotensive and normolipidemic controls (p less than 0.02). This suggest that hypertension and high plasma lipids can influence independently the Na-Li countertransport. In another group of 52 normotensive subjects, Na-Li countertransport was positively correlated with serum total and free (unesterified) cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides. No correlations were found with HDL-cholesterol or HDL-phospholipids. A very high positive correlation was found between Na-Li countertransport and plasma acetylcholinesterase (p less than 0.005). These findings suggest that plasma lipids, probably through membrane lipids, can affect the maximal rate of the Na-Li exchange in red cells. The relationship between plasma or membrane lipids and cation transport should be further studied in erythrocytes and other cells.