高脂血症患者血管内皮微颗粒水平的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨高脂血症患者血管内皮微颗粒(EMPs)水平的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2016年5月到2017年8月期间我院收治的高脂血症患者64例,将其作为研究组。另选取同期在我院体检的健康志愿者50例作为对照组。检测两组研究对象的甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、EMPs、压力-应变弹性系数(Ep)、顺应性(AC)、硬度指数(β)、脉搏波传导速度(PWV)水平,并采用Pearson相关性分析研究组患者EMPs水平与TC、TG、LDL-C、Ep、AC、β、PWV的相关性。结果:研究组血清中TC、TG、LDL-C、EMPs水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组的Ep、β、PWV均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但两组AC比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。研究组患者的EMPs水平与TC、TG、LDL-C、Ep、β、PWV均呈正相关(r=0.567,0.645,0.763,0.426,0.398,0.364,P均0.05)。结论:高脂血症患者的EMPs水平明显高于健康人群,且其水平与TC、TG、LDL-C、Ep、β、PWV均呈正相关。     

大剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗老年冠心病合并高脂血症的疗效观察

目的:研究大剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗老年冠心病合并高脂血症的临床疗效。方法:选取2013年10月到2014年10月我院收治的老年冠心病合并高脂血症患者110例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组55例。两组患者均给予常规治疗方法进行治疗,对照组增加5 mg瑞舒伐他汀钙进行治疗,研究组增加20 mg瑞舒伐他汀钙进行治疗,均每天1次,晚餐后应用,治疗时间为4个月。比较治疗前后两组血脂水平(胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C))及高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)及其达标率以及不良反应。结果:治疗后两组TC、TG以及LDL-C均显著降低,HDL-C显著升高,且研究组优于对照组,比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组治疗后TC和LDL-C达标率显著高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:大剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗老年冠心病合并高脂血症具有较好的临床疗效,能显著降低患者的血脂水平。     

复方丹参滴丸联合曲美他嗪对冠心病合并高脂血症患者血液流变学及血脂的影响

目的:探讨复方丹参滴丸联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病合并高脂血症患者的效果。方法:选取2016年1月-2017年12月我院收治的冠心病合并高脂血症患者81例,按照治疗方法的不同分为观察组、对照组、,分别41例、40例。对照组实施常规联合曲美他嗪进行治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合应用复方丹参滴丸进行治疗。比较两组临床疗效、治疗前后血脂、血液流变学相关指标、不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组治疗前血清HDL-C、TC、LDL-C、TG水平间差异不显著(P0.05);观察组治疗后血清TC、LDL-C、TG水平均显著比对照组低(P0.05),血清HDL-C水平显著比对照组高(P0.05)。两组治疗前PV、WBC比较差异不显著(P0.05);两组治疗后PV、WBC均显著降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标下降更明显(P0.05)。两组患者在治疗期间都没发生严重的不良反应。结论:与单用曲美他嗪治疗相比,复方丹参滴丸联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病合并高脂血症效果更优,可明显改善患者血脂水平和血液流变学,且安全性较高。     

川芎嗪注射液对冠心病心绞痛患者血脂相关指标的影响及其临床疗效分析

目的:探讨川芎嗪注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效。方法:选择2014年5月-2016年5月在我院接受治疗的冠心病心绞痛患者79例,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组(37例)和研究组(42例)。对照组患者给予常规治疗,研究组患者在对照组基础上给予川芎嗪注射液治疗。观察并比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果:治疗前,两组患者总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,研究组患者总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组患者治疗总有效率(92.86%)高于对照组(81.08%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:川芎嗪注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效显著,能够降低血脂相关指标水平,改善临床症状,值得临床推广应用。     

瑞舒伐他汀与阿托伐他汀对冠心病高脂血症患者血脂及血浆ADMA水平的影响

目的:探讨瑞舒伐他汀与阿托伐他汀对冠心病高脂血症患者血脂及血浆不对称二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)水平的影响。方法:选取2016年3月-2017年12月四川大学华西医院收治的冠心病高脂血症患者210例为研究对象,随机分为研究组与对照组,每组各105例,研究组患者给予瑞舒伐他汀治疗,对照组给予阿托伐他汀治疗,均连续治疗8周。比较两组患者治疗前及治疗8周后血脂水平、ADMA水平及血清炎症因子水平、血管内皮功能指标水平,记录两组患者的不良反应发生情况。结果:两组患者治疗前及治疗8周后甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平比较无统计学差异(P0.05),两组患者治疗8周后TG、TC、LDL-C水平均较治疗前降低(P0.05),而HDL-C水平与治疗前相比无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组患者治疗8周后ADMA、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗8周后两组患者内皮素-1(ET-1)水平较治疗前降低,一氧化氮(NO)水平较治疗前升高(P0.05),且研究组患者ET-1水平低于对照组,NO水平高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组与对照组患者在治疗期间均未发生难以耐受的不良反应。结论:与阿托伐他汀相比,应用瑞舒伐他汀治疗冠心病高脂血症患者可改善血管内皮功能和TG、TC、LDL-C水平,减轻炎症反应,降低ADMA水平,无严重不良反应发生,值得临床推广。     

肥胖2型糖尿病患者神经肽Y水平与糖脂代谢的相关性分析

目的:探讨肥胖2型糖尿病患者神经肽Y(NPY)水平与糖脂代谢的相关性。方法:选择2017年7月至2019年7月我院接诊的134例肥胖2型糖尿病患者为本研究对象,设为观察组,并选择我院收治的2型糖尿病非肥胖患者100例作为对照组,分析腰围、腹围、臀围、BMI、腰臀比(WHR)、血清NPY、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb Alc)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平变化情况,及其之间的相关性分析。结果:观察组腹围、腰围、臀围、腰臀比及BMI水平均显著高于对照组,差异显著(P0.05);观察组患者血清NPY、FPG、Hb Alc水平显著高于对照组,FINS水平显著低于对照组,差异显著(P0.05);观察组患者血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著高于对照组,HDL-C水平显著低于对照组,差异显著(P0.05);将FPG、Hb Alc、FINS、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C作为因变量,将血清NPY作为自变量,在相关性分析结果中显示,血清NPY和FPG、Hb Alc、TC、TG、LDL-C之间均呈正相关(r=0.399,0.173,0.435,0.451,0.376,P均0.05),血清NPY和FINS、HDL-C之间均呈负相关(r=-0.566,-0.223,P均0.05)。结论:在肥胖2型糖尿病患者中NPY水平显著升高,且与腹部脂肪增加、糖脂代谢显著相关。     

瑞舒伐他汀钙对冠心病合并高脂血症患者血清hs-CRP及颈动脉内膜中层厚度的影响

目的:分析不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗冠心病合并高脂血症患者的临床效果以及对患者血清hs-CRP和颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的影响。方法:选择2013年6月-2015年6月在我院接受治疗的冠心病合并高脂血症患者203例,根据用药剂量不同将其分为小剂量组(70例)、中剂量组(64例)及大剂量组(69例),分别采用口服瑞舒伐他汀钙5 mg/次/日、10 mg/次/日和20 mg/次/日进行治疗。观察并比较三组患者治疗前后血脂(TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C)、血清hs-CRP及IMT的变化情况。结果:治疗前,三组患者血清hs-CRP,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C以及IMT值比较,差别均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,三组患者血清hs-CRP,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C以及IMT值均较治疗前降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);大剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙组患者血清hs-CRP,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C以及IMT值显著低于中剂量组和小剂量组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);中剂量组患者血清hs-CRP,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C以及IMT值显著低于小剂量组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:瑞舒伐他汀钙能够改善冠心病合并高脂血症患者的血脂水平、降低血清hs-CRP及IMT,并且其疗效与药物剂量存在量效关系。     

格列美脲联合艾塞那肽治疗肥胖2型糖尿病的疗效观察

目的:探讨格列美脲联合艾塞那肽治疗肥胖2型糖尿病患者的临床效果。方法:选择2016年1月到2019年1月我院收治的82例肥胖2型糖尿病患者作为本次研究的对象,并将其随机的分为研究组和对照组,每组41例。研究组患者给予格列美脲联合艾塞那肽进行治疗,对照组患者给予格列美脲治疗,观察和比较两组患者治疗前后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、空腹和餐后2 h血清C肽、身体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)和糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin, HbAlC)水平的变化。结果:治疗后,两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平均较治疗前明显降低,餐后2 h血清C肽水平均较治疗前明显升高,且研究组以上指标的改善程度较对照组更明显(P0.05)。两组患者治疗前后空腹血清C肽水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者BMI、TC、TG、LDL-C和HbAlC水平均较治疗前显著降低,HDL-C水平明显升高,而研究组BMI、TC、TG、LDL-C和HbAlC水平显著低于对照组(P0.05),HDL-C水平明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:格列美脲片联合艾塞那肽治疗肥胖2型糖尿病可有效的控制患者血糖,降低BMI,改善血脂水平。     

不同类型脑卒中患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平检测的临床意义

目的:检测不同类型脑卒中患者血清中同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)浓度,探究其临床意义。方法:将2011年2月至2014年10月期间入我院接受治疗的140例脑卒中患者纳入本次研究,作为研究组,其中包含64例脑梗死患者(CI组)、42例脑出血患者(CH组)以及34例短暂性脑缺血发作患者(TIA组),同时以同期135例体检健康者作为对照组。采用循环酶法测定所有研究对象血清Hcy水平,同时采用放射免疫法对其血清内维生素B12、叶酸浓度进行测定。结果:研究组血清Hcy浓度高于对照组,组间差异显著(P0.05);研究组的叶酸及Vit B12低于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组年龄、TC、TG、LDL-C等指标在组间存在差异(P0.05),两组HDL-C差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。CI组、CH组、TIA组血清Hcy水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),但在CI组、CH组、TIA组三组相互对比中,组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。进展性脑梗死组血清内Hcy浓度高于完全性脑梗死组,组间数据具有显著差异(P0.05)。不同NIHSS评分患者血清内Hcy浓度不同,评分越高,Hcy浓度越高,两者呈显著正相关关系(P0.05)。回归性相关分析,脑卒中发病危险因素为高Hcy、高总胆固醇、高LDL-C、低叶酸、低Vit B12(P0.05)。结论:脑卒中患者与健康人群血清Hcy水平存在差异,不同类型脑卒中血清Hcy水平存在差异,且血清中同型半胱氨酸水平与脑卒中发病存在相关性,因此可以将血清Hcy作为脑卒中预测、诊断及预后判断的重要指标之一。     

孕期个性化营养干预对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇糖脂水平及妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨孕期个性化营养干预对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇糖脂水平及妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择2016年8月-2017年10月期间于我院产检的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇160例,以随机数字表法分为研究组(n=80)和对照组(n=80)。对照组给予常规营养干预,研究组则予以孕期个性化营养干预。比较两组干预前后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密低脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,观察孕妇及新生儿并发症发生情况。结果:干预后两组孕妇空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖显著降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。干预后对照组孕妇TC、TG、LDL-C较干预前显著升高(P0.05),HDL-C差异无统计学意义(P0.05),研究组血脂水平与干预前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),与对照组比较,研究组孕妇TC、TG、LDL-C水平更低(P0.05)。研究组妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破发生率均明显低于对照组(P0.05),两组感染、产后出血发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。与对照组比较,研究组新生儿窘迫、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖、早产儿的发生率降低(P0.05)。结论:孕期个性化营养干预可有效改善妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的糖脂水平,且能够有效降低并发症发生率,从而改善妊娠结局。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.