氟康唑注射液稳定性研究

目的检测氟康唑注射液在不同条件下的稳定性。方法系统观察不同条件下氟康唑注射液的稳定性,条件分别为高温（40℃）、4500Lx强光试验观察10d,室温（25℃）、低温（4℃）试验各观察3个月。建立一个简单的HPLC法用于稳定性试验中氟康唑和降解产物的含量测定。结果氟康唑＇往射液的含量和降解产物均无明显下降。结论氟康唑注射液在上述条件下是稳定的。     

右布洛芬脂肪乳注射液的分析方法及处方筛选

为研究右布洛芬脂肪乳注射液并建立分析方法,对右布洛芬原料药稳定性及原辅料相容性等进行研究以筛选处方。建立了一种反相高效液相色谱法,可测定右布洛芬含量及杂质。通过高温、高湿、强光照条件考察原料药及原辅料混合物的有关物质特性。制备含15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯(Kolliphor HS 15)不同浓度的右布洛芬脂肪乳注射液,考察剂型的质量。结果发现:线性范围为2.0～50.0μg/mL(R~2=0.999 9);原料药对热不稳定,原辅料混合物有关物质均小于1.0%;含Kolliphor HS 15 0.5%的右布洛芬脂肪乳注射液溶液稳定,有关物质小于1.0%。本研究不仅建立了适用于右布洛芬测定的分析方法,还确认了右布洛芬与所选择辅料无配伍禁忌,筛选的处方可满足质量要求,为产品进一步研究提供了数据支持。     

盐酸多柔比星脂质体注射液与葡萄糖和氯化钠注射液的配伍稳定性研究

目的:研究探讨盐酸多柔星脂质体注射液与葡萄糖和氯化钠注射液配伍的稳定性。方法:将盐酸多柔星脂质体注射液分别和5%的葡萄糖注射液、0.9%氯化钠注射液进行配伍。观察缓和溶液外观、PH值以及脂质体粒径、包封率等相关情况。结果:观察发现,在盐酸多柔星脂质体注射液与0.9%氯化钠注射液配伍后,一定时间内混合溶液的外观、PH值脂质粒径并无明显的变化,但是包封率会下降5%;而盐酸多柔星脂质体注射液与5%葡萄糖住着也配伍后,一定时间内混合溶液的外观、PH值、脂质粒径以及包封率等并无明显的变化。结论:在临床用药中,盐酸多柔星脂质体注射液不应与0.9%氯化钠注射液配伍,与5%葡萄糖注射液配伍具有良好的稳定性,不会对药效的发挥产生影响。     

炎琥宁注射液与6种输液的配伍稳定性考察

目的:研究探讨炎琥宁注射液与6中输液的配伍稳定性。方法:将炎琥宁注射液与5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、0.9%氯化钠注射液、复方氯化钠注射液、葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、右旋糖酐40葡萄糖注射液配伍后,观察混合溶液的外观、PH值、炎琥宁注射液的含量以及不溶性微粒的变化。结果:观察实验结果发现,将炎琥宁注射液与6种注射液配伍6h后,混合溶液的PH值、含量并无明显变化,但是在配伍4h后,除去复方氯化钠注射液不溶性微粒符合临床应用规定外,另外的混合液不溶性微粒均不符合使用规定。结论:在临床中,将炎琥宁注射液与其他注射液配伍使用的过程中,应最好与复方氯化钠注射液配伍使用,这样使用符合临床应用标准。     

丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗80例气滞血瘀证颈椎病的临床疗效观察

目的观察丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗气滞血瘀型颈椎病的疗效。方法将符合条件的80例气滞血瘀证颈椎病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例,对照组给予常规治疗,即口服氯唑沙宗片(0.2g口服,每天3次)、维生素B1注射液100mg+维生素B12注射液0.5mg穴位注射,局部体针针刺、手指点穴及电针治疗(选取天柱穴、颈百劳穴、后溪穴和天宗穴);治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加丹参川芎嗪注射液10ml加入氯化钠注射液250ml中静脉滴注,每天1次,两组均治疗7天进行疗效比较。结果治疗组总有效率为92.5%,明显优于对照组的72.5%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丹参川芎嗪注射液能加速颈椎关节囊充血水肿的消退,改善微循环,治疗气滞血瘀证颈椎病疗效显著。     

温度对七叶一枝花光合特性及皂苷含量的影响

该研究以珍稀濒危药用植物七叶一枝花(Paris polyphylla)为材料,利用人工气候箱设置3个温度条件,即低温(10℃/16℃)、适温(18℃/24℃)、高温(26℃/32℃),采用盆栽法分析了不同温度条件对七叶一枝花光合特性和主要有效成分皂苷含量的影响。结果表明:(1)适温条件下,七叶一枝花叶绿素含量、最大光合速率、光饱和点、表观量子效率均高于低温和高温处理,而光补偿点、暗呼吸速率则低于两者。(2)适温条件下,七叶一枝花根茎体内皂苷含量最大,达到了4.33%,低温和高温处理下皂苷含量分别只有适温的42.26%和33.49%,氨基酸含量同样表现为适温处理下最大。(3)七叶一枝花有效成分含量与叶片叶绿素含量、光合速率呈显著正相关,而与呼吸速率呈显著负相关,说明温度直接影响植株的光合作用、呼吸作用,进而影响有效成分的积累。温度对七叶一枝花光合特性及有效成分的积累影响显著,22℃左右的平均温度(18℃/24℃)是七叶一枝花栽培的适宜温度,此温度有利于其生长及有效成分的积累,该研究结果为七叶一枝花人工栽培中温度的科学管理提供了依据。     

利用超高效液相色谱和离子色谱法测定注射用磷酸川芎嗪的含量

目的:建立超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)和离子色谱法(IC)测定磷酸川芎嗪中川芎嗪和磷酸的含量,为质量评价提供依据。方法:UPLC测定川芎嗪的色谱柱为Waters Acquity BEH C18 (2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm);检测波长:300 nm检测川芎嗪,274 nm检测有关物质邻苯二甲酸二甲酯;流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)-0.1%甲酸乙腈(B),梯度洗脱(0.0～0.8 min,10%B→90%B;0.8～0.81 min,90%B→10%B;0.81～1.00 min,10%B),流速:0.7 m L/min。IC测定磷酸的离子交换色谱柱为Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm (4×250 mm),流动相为30 mmol/L KOH溶液等度洗脱15 min,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温35℃;电导检测器;抑制器电流为50 m A。结果:川芎嗪和磷酸在10～100 g/m L内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均为1.0,UPLC法测定川芎嗪的回收率为102.0%。IC测定磷酸的回收率为99.8%。7个公司生产的注射剂中川芎嗪的含量均在药典规定的范围90%～110%内。但是其中3个公司生产的注射剂磷酸超出药典规定范围90%～110%。结论:与常规HPLC/UPLC测定磷酸川芎嗪含量方法比较,本文所用方法测定结果更加准确、全面、且重复性好,能够真实反应注射用磷酸川芎嗪的实际含量,对于注射用磷酸川芎嗪的安全性和有效性评估提供了一定的依据。     

温度对紫色不结球白菜外观和营养品质的影响

以紫色不结球白菜品种‘紫衣’为试验材料,利用人工气候箱,采用盆栽法,研究3个不同温度(5℃、25℃和35℃)条件对紫色不结球白菜叶片颜色和营养品质等指标的影响,为优质紫色不结球白菜设施栽培温度的选择提供依据。结果显示:(1)紫色不结球白菜在受到5℃低温处理时,叶片紫色会随着处理时间的延长而加深,最终呈深紫色;反之,当受到35℃高温时,叶片颜色逐渐变浅,直至叶片呈绿色,该现象与叶片中花青素含量的变化规律一致。(2)与正常25℃相比,紫色不结球白菜叶片中的还原糖、可溶性糖和总糖含量在受到高温胁迫(35℃)后逐渐降低,而在低温(5℃)处理下,先增后减,且高温降低幅度大于低温;可溶性蛋白、还原性抗坏血酸和氨基酸含量也随着高温胁迫的延长而降低,但低温处理下则逐渐增加;抗坏血酸-过氧化物酶活性(APX)、纤维素和硝酸盐含量在高温胁迫下逐渐增加,低温条件下则显著降低。研究发现,不同温度明显影响着紫色不结球白菜叶片紫色深浅,低温促进花青素积累,高温抑制或是加速花青素的降解;低温能促进叶片可溶性蛋白、抗坏血酸和氨基酸等品质指标的积累,同时降低纤维素含量,从而提高紫色不结球白菜的外观和营养品质,高温胁迫则降低以上品质指标。     

盐酸胺碘酮注射液与4种输液的配伍稳定性考察

目的:研究探讨盐酸胺碘酮注射液与其他输液(包括浓度分别为5%与10%的葡萄糖注射液,浓度为0.9%的氯化钠注射液,以及葡萄糖氯化钠注射液四种)配伍过程中具有的稳定性。方法:以当前的临床用药标准为依据,将四种注射液分别注入到一次性灭菌注射器中,随后分别往灭菌注射器中加入20ml的舒血宁注射液后摇匀倒置,在配伍8h内观察混合液外观性状、含量以及PH的变化情况。结果:通过实验,观察到在完成与浓度为10%的葡萄糖注射液,浓度为0.9%的氯化钠注射液,以及葡萄糖氯化钠注射液配伍后,盐酸胺碘酮的PH值与含量均出现比较明显的变化,但是在与5%葡萄糖注射液配伍后,溶液的各项指标并未发生明显的变化,溶液相对比较稳定。结论:在临床用药中,将盐酸胺碘酮与5%葡萄糖注射液配伍后,保持溶液在常温下的一段时间内使用,可有效保证混合溶液的性质,药效不会发生改变。     

分离组胺类物质的实验简报

<正> L—组氨酸盐酸盐是配制复合氨基酸注射液的原料药之一,由于它和组胺类物质的分子结构相似,理化性质相近,在生产中不易分离。而组胺类物质超过规定含量,注射后,会导致病人血压下降,不合格的组氨酸成品不、能配制注射液,本文介绍了我厂从西德进口的一批不合格品处理工艺的实验结果,方法简单,成本低,总收率达95%以上。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.