The reaction of cytochromes c and c2 with the Rhodospirillum rubrum reaction center involves the heme crevice domain

In order to define the interaction domain on Rhodospirillum rubrum cytochrome c2 for the photosynthetic reaction center, positively charged lysine amino groups on cytochrome c2 were modified to form negatively charged carboxydinitrophenyl lysines. The reaction mixture was separated into six different fractions by ion exchange chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose and sulfopropyl-Sepharose. Peptide mapping studies indicated that fraction A consisted of a mixture of singly labeled derivatives modified at lysines 58, 81, and 109 on the back of cytochrome c2. Fractions C1, C2, C3, and C4 were found to be mixtures of singly labeled derivatives modified at lysines 9, 13, 75, 86, and 88 on the front of cytochrome c2 surrounding the heme crevice. The photooxidation of the carboxydinitrophenyl-cytochrome c2 derivatives by reaction centers purified from R. rubrum was measured following excitation with a laser pulse. The second-order rate constant of fraction A modified at backside lysines was found to be 2.3 X 10(7) M-1 s-1, nearly the same as that of native cytochrome c2, 2.6 X 10(7) M-1 s-1. However, the rate constants of fractions C1-C4 were found to be 6 to 12-fold smaller than that of native cytochrome c2. These results indicate that lysines surrounding the heme crevice of cytochrome c2 are involved in electrostatic interactions with carboxylate groups at the binding site of the reaction center. The reaction rates of horse heart cytochrome c derivatives modified at single lysine amino groups with trifluoroacetyl or trifluoromethylphenylcarbamoyl were also measured. Modification of lysines 8, 13, 25, 27, 72, 79, or 87 surrounding the heme crevice was found to significantly lower the rate of reaction, while modification of lysines in other regions had no effect. This indicates that the reaction of horse heart cytochrome c with the reaction center also involves the heme crevice domain.     

蝮蛇毒抗凝血活酶组份及几种蛇毒粗毒对人红细胞和血小板的作用

蝮蛇毒抗凝血活酶组分及蝗蛇毒、圆斑蝰蛇毒和眼镜蛇毒粗毒,不仅能够水解血浆中的磷脂,而且还能水解完整人红细胞膜和完整人血小板膜上的磷脂。但是五步蛇毒和金环蛇毒粗毒却不能水解完整人血小板膜上的磷脂。 扫描电镜观察表明,由于抗凝血活酶组份和几种蛇毒粗毒的作用,人红细胞和人血小板的形态发生了巨大的变化;人红细胞由正常的双圆盘形变成带刺的小球,人血小板的外形变成蜂窝状。     

植物磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶的可逆胍变性

纯化的高梁叶片磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEP羧化酶)经不同浓度的盐酸胍处理变性失活后,在试验的蛋白浓度范围内,它的失活时间进程的动力学分析表明为一级反应。0.4 M盐酸胍处理25分钟后(O℃),酶的催化活性完全丧失,酶蛋白的远紫外圆二色性光谱、内源荧光光谱及免疫特异性等测定均表明酶的结构发生了深刻变化。甘油及PEP羧化酶的变构效应剂G6P和甘氨酸对酶在盐酸胍溶液中的变性作用有一定的保护效果。变性酶用复性缓冲液稀释20倍后,在最佳条件下,再经30分钟保温,酶的催化活性能恢复70％以上。G6P和甘氨酸能促进变性酶的复性,甘油亦有明显效果。随着酶活性的恢复,它的远紫外圆二色性、内源荧光及免疫特异性也随之恢复,变性酶的复性速率在常温下(25℃)比在低温下(0℃)要快得多。     

辽西半干旱地区春小麦农田水分循环特征的研究

一、研究地区的生态条件概述辽西属暖温带半干旱低山丘陵区,自然条件差,干旱少雨,干燥度为1.2左右,年均降水量为480.1mm,可能蒸散量为551.7mm,水分亏缺严重,而且70—75%的雨水降子6—8月份,春季偏少。舂季气温回升快,风速大,土壤水分蒸发损失严重,因此春旱频繁,并经常     

籼稻232蜡质基因转录起始位点的鉴定

Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交分析和蜡质基因ｃＤＮＡ的序列分析表明水稻蜡质基因的转录本可能延伸到翻译起始密码子（ＡＴＧ）上游１２ｋｂ处。据此设计了２１Ｎｔ的寡核苷酸引物,并以籼稻２３２胚乳ＲＮＡ为模板,以引物延伸法确定籼稻２３２蜡质基因的转录起始点,籼稻蜡质基因的转录起始旁邻顺序ＣＴＣＡＣＣＡ与高等植物基因的转录起始点一致顺序ＣＴＣＡＴＣＡ仅相差１个碱基。通过顺序比较,对东乡野生稻蜡质基因中的转录起始位点的位置,以及对此两稻种中ＴＡＴＡ盒的可能顺序进行了讨论。     

Linkage map of seven polymorphic markers on rat Chromosome 18

A genetic linkage map of seven polymorphic markers was created with F₂ intercross progeny of F344/N and LEW/N rats and assigned to rat Chromosome (Chr) 18. Five of the markers described were defined by simple sequence length polymorphisms (SSLPs) associated with five genes: transthyretin (TTR), trypsin inhibitor-like protein (TILP), 2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2), olfactory neuron-specific G protein (OLF), and gap junction protein (GJA1). One marker was defined by a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) detected with a probe for the human colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene. The D18N1R locus was defined by an anonymous DNA fragment amplified by the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique with a single short primer. These seven DNA loci formed a single genetic linkage group 30.4 cM in length with the following order: TTR-6.8 cM-D18N1R-9.1 cM-TILP-4.3 cM-CSF1R-0 cM-ADRB2-10.2 cM-OLF-0 cM-GJA1. The five SSLP markers were highly polymorphic. In a total of 13 inbred rat strains analyzed (F344/ N, LEW/N, LOU/MN, WBB1/N, WBB2/N, MR/N, MNR/N, ACI/N, SHR/N, WKY/N, BN/SsN, BUF/N, and LER/N), three to six alleles were detected for each marker. Remarkable linkage conservation was detected between the region of rat Chr 18 mapped and a region of mouse Chr 18. However, genes associated with these markers have been mapped to three different human chromosomes (Chrs 5, 6, and 18). The markers described here should be useful for genetic mapping studies and genetic monitoring of inbred rat strains.     

辽西半干旱地区深松中耕对作物产量的影响及其作用机理研究

对辽宁西部半干旱地区深松中耕对作物产量影响及作用机理的研究表明,深松打破了犁底层,减小了土壤容重及穿透阻力,增加了表层及亚表层土壤的孔隙度．深松土壤水分人渗可达８０ｃｍ,大豆根系深度增加３．６～４．０ｃｍ,大豆产量和水分利用效率分别增加２７．７～３４．５％和１６．１％,在干旱年份玉米增产７．９％．     

多管藻中R－藻蓝蛋自的分离、结晶和初步晶体学研究

从青岛采集的多管藻（Ｐｏｌｙｓｉｐｈｏｎｉａｕｒｃｅｏｌａｔａ）中分离得到的Ｒ－藻蓝蛋白,在ｐＨ＝７．０的０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸盐－硫酸铵缓冲液中,使用悬滴气相扩散法获得适合Ｘ光衍射分析用单晶。经Ｂｕｅｒｇｅｒ徘循照相和ＸＲＤ—１００面探测仪分析,Ｒ－藻蓝蛋白晶体属于四方晶系,空间群为Ｐ４１（３）２１２,晶胞参数：ａ＝ｂ＝１３７．５ｃ＝２１８．５α＝β＝γ＝９０°。用等比重梯度柱法测定了晶体和母液的比重分别为１．１９和１．０９。根据分子量与晶胞体积估算,一个不对称单位含有一个分子,推测它的分子聚集态形式为（αβ）３。     

1,4—二取代酰氨基硫脲类化合物(DATCDs)的植物生理效应与应用研究——Ⅴ.DATCD-A对离体黄瓜子叶扩张及核酸代谢的影响

本实验以离体黄瓜子叶为材料,研究了 DATCD—A 对子叶扩张及核酸代谢的影响。结果表明,DATCD—A 可显著地促进离体黄化子叶扩张,使其鲜重明显增加;并且在处理后期逐渐提高子叶干重。在离体子叶扩张变绿的过程中,DATCD—A 促进离体黄化子叶 RNA、DNA 含量和 DNA/RNA 比率明显上升,且 RNA 的增加发生在 DNA 合成增加之前。凝胶电泳证明,RNA 的增加主要是25s 和18s 的 rRNA。     

视黄酸和亚硒酸钠对肝癌细胞某些表型逆转的加和作用

 人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721经1μmol/L视黄酸和或2.5μmol/L亚硒酸钠处理后,膜上纤维连接蛋白沉着量逐日上升,且较相应天数的对照组细胞增加,而甲胎蛋白分泌量和~3H-TdR参入率被明显抑制。视黄酸和亚硒酸钠同时处理的联合组作用强度接近于两者单独使用时作用强度的加和。对以上结果和视黄酸及亚硒酸钠使肝癌细胞接触抑制恢复及表型逆转的关系作了讨论。