蝮蛇毒抗凝血活酶组份及几种蛇毒粗毒对人红细胞和血小板的作用

蝮蛇毒抗凝血活酶组分及蝗蛇毒、圆斑蝰蛇毒和眼镜蛇毒粗毒,不仅能够水解血浆中的磷脂,而且还能水解完整人红细胞膜和完整人血小板膜上的磷脂。但是五步蛇毒和金环蛇毒粗毒却不能水解完整人血小板膜上的磷脂。 扫描电镜观察表明,由于抗凝血活酶组份和几种蛇毒粗毒的作用,人红细胞和人血小板的形态发生了巨大的变化;人红细胞由正常的双圆盘形变成带刺的小球,人血小板的外形变成蜂窝状。

ACTIONS OF ANTITHROMBOPLASTIN PRINCIPLE OBTAINTED FROM AGKISTRODON HALYS (PALLAS) VEMON AND SOME CRUDE VENOMS ON HUMAN RED CELLS AND PLATELETS

The venom of Agkistrodon halys (pallas) and its antithromboplastin principle as well as the venoms of Viper a russelli siamensis and Naja naja atra can not only hydrolyse the phospholipids in human plasma, but also hydrolyse those in both intact red cell and platelet membranes, while the venoms of Agkistrodon acutus and Bungarus fasciatus can not hydrolyse the phospholipids in intact platelet membrane. The results of scanning electronic microscope observations showed that human red cells and platelets changed tremendously in morphology an hour after incubating with 0.1 mg/ml antithromboplastin principle at 37*. The former changed their shapes from normal bidiscoids to spheres with thorns, but not to crenated spheres, the latter became damaged or honey-comb-like.