水痘合并睾丸炎的护理（附1例报告）

水痘是由水痘带状疱疹病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。传染性很强,为小儿常见的急性传染病,水痘为自限性疾病,一般10日左右自愈。水痘合并睾丸炎虽非常见,但亦可遇见,少数体质很弱,或正在应用肾上腺皮质激素的患如感染水痘,可发生出血性和播散性皮疹,患高热,疱疹密布全身,疱疹内液呈血性,皮肤黏膜出现淤点和淤斑,病死率高。2005年3月,我科收治1例接受肾移植6年,常年服用免疫抑制剂,全身泛法性疱疹合并睾丸炎的患,经过20天的精心治疗和护理,取得了满意的疗效,现将护理体会介绍如下：     

LGT蛋白质组阳性肿瘤患者免疫功能的观察报告——LGT系列论文之八

目的：了解LGT（lost goodwill target）蛋白质组阳性表达患者CD3^＋、CD4^＋、CD8^＋、CD4^＋/CD8^＋、T细胞和NK细胞的变化规律.方法：对30例LGT蛋白质组阳性表达的肿瘤患者分别采用美国BD公司生产的流式细胞检测仪及提供的相应单克隆抗体检测患者空腹血清CD3^＋、CD4^＋、CD8^＋、CD4^＋/CD8^＋、T细胞和NK细胞并用美国赛费吉（Ciphergen）公司制造的蛋白质指纹仪及该公司提供的弱阳离子交换芯片（WCX2）按其操作方法（SELDI检测技术）配对检测肿瘤患者空腹血清中的蛋白质指纹,对有病情加重的患者均检查两次以上.以指纹图上质荷比（M/Z）为11100＋H～11900＋H之间出现一峰簇样（cluster）的指纹标志为LGT阳性诊断标准,并按蛋白质指纹LGT检测阳性次数分成二组.对二组内CD3^＋、CD4^＋、CD8^＋、CD4^＋/CD8^＋、T细胞和NK细胞与正常参考值之间进行统计学显著性检验.结果：CD3^＋T细胞值在LGT蛋白质组持续阳性表达组是增高的,在另一组是无变化,二者之间有显著性差异,而CD8^＋T细胞在二组内同时增高,CD4^＋T细胞和NK细胞二组同时低下,无显著性差别.结论：本研究提示肿瘤晚期可能存在有酪氨酸蛋白激酶修饰的细胞内信号传导,使之病情加重,而肿瘤早期则不明显.这是一种新的看法,应加强这个方面的研究.     

禾本科牧草在典型草原区的适应性研究

2001-2003年在内蒙古锡林郭勒盟太仆寺旗通过小区试验,对来自美国、加拿大和中国的21份禾本科牧草进行了物候期、产草量和种子产量的评价和适应性研究.结果表明,来自美国和中国的6份材料不仅适应性较强,而且产草量和种子产量也相对较高,可作为该地区人工草地建设和天然草场改良的优良种质材料.     

利用免疫蛋白质组学方法筛选高效的疫苗

厦门大学利用免疫蛋白质组学发展了一种快速筛选高效候选疫苗的方法。这种方法分为三个步骤：首先用免疫蛋白质组学方法筛选外膜蛋白的主要免疫原;接着,用毒性细菌在接种后激发以从免疫原中找出能够诱导中和性抗体产生的蛋白;最后,通过评估中和能力来筛选候选疫苗。通过质谱分析能够获得候选者的遗传信息以进行进一步的基因克隆。     

FMDV vp1基因在烟草中表达及转基因烟草的免疫效果

通过三亲杂交法,构建克隆有阿克苏(Akesu/58)O型口蹄疫病毒vp1基因的双元表达载体pBin FMDV VP1.采用农杆菌介导法转化NC89烟草叶盘,经卡那霉素筛选,共获得49株抗性植株.对抗性植株总DNA进行目的基因的PCR检测,有40株阳性植株.对阳性植株总RNA进行目的基因的RT-PCR检测,有21株阳性植株.将7株ELISA和Western-blot检测阳性植株叶片提取物分别与弗氏佐剂乳化,在0、15、30和45d腹膜腔接种Balb/C小白鼠,于第4次免疫后第9d进行血清抗体检测;第12d用10 4SM\-\{50\}LD的同源强毒进行攻击;攻毒后24h采血,通过乳鼠病毒血症试验判定攻击Balb/C小白鼠的发病和保护情况.结果表明双元表达载体pBin FMDV VP1构建正确;vp1基因转入NC89烟草并获得表达;7组中有2组Balb/C小白鼠血清抗体呈阳性,攻毒保护率分别为100%和63%.证明2株转基因烟草表达的VP1蛋白具有较好的免疫原性,所免疫的2组Balb/C小白鼠对同源强毒攻击有一定的抵抗能力.     

双向凝胶电泳-飞行时间质谱技术鉴定小鼠胚泡黏附时子宫内膜nm23-M2／NDPK B的表达

运用双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(2DPAGE)分析未交配小鼠子宫内膜和妊娠第五天(D5)小鼠子宫内膜胚泡黏附时植入位点及其旁组织蛋白质组。差异蛋白质组学显示,等电点(isoelectric point,pI)约7．1、分子量(molecular weight,Mw)约18kDa的蛋白质点在D5小鼠子宫内膜特别是植入位点表达上调。对此蛋白质点用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption／ionization time of flying mass spectrometry,MALDI—TOF—MS)测定其胶内酶解后的肽质量指纹谱(Peptide Mass Fingerprint,PMF),经Mascot：Peptide Mass Fingerprint中SWISS-PROT数据库查询后,鉴定该蛋白质为鼠源性nm23-M2／NDPKB。RT—PCR和免疫组织化学结果也显示D5小鼠子宫内膜nm23-M2／NDPK B mRNA和蛋白表达明显增加。提示nm23-M2／NDPKB参与胚泡着床这一重要生命活动过程。     

中国人胃癌染色体17q21区域基因遗传不稳定性研究

To investigate microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, and their effect on the expression of nm23H1 and BRCA1 of gastric cancer, which would provide experimental basis for clinical treatment and prognosis analysis of gastric cancer. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded materials. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was used to analyze MSI and LOH. Expression of nm23H, and BRCA1 was detected by Envision immuno-histochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques. In the forty cases of gastric cancer, the frequency of MSI, LOH and nm23H1 protein were 20.00%, 17.50% and 55.00% respectively at locus D17S396, while at locus D17S579, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 protein were 22.50%, 15.00% and 37.50% respectively; at locus D17S855, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 of thirty-seven cases were 18.92%, 18.92%, 37.84% respectively. In tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, at locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, MSI in stages I + II appeared more frequently than that in stages III + IV, while LOH appeared the contrary tendency. In the group of metastasis of gastric cancer, MSI had a less frequency (5.00%) than that with no metastasis (35.00%, P < 0.05) at locus D17S396, but LOH appeared more frequently (30.00%) than that with no metastasis (5.00%, P < 0.05). At locus D17S579, MSI had an increasing tendency with the degree of tumor differentiation (50.00% in high differentiation cases, 20.00% in middle differentiation cases, and 0% in low differentiation cases, P < 0.05). The frequency of nm23H1 and BRCA1 protein in stages TNM I + II was higher than that in stages TNM III + IV; and that in higher differentiation cases was higher than in poor differentiation cases. The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group of metastasis (30.00%) was less than that with no metastasis significantly (80.00%, P<0.01). The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group positive to MSI (87.50%) was higher than that in the group negative to MSI (46.88%, P < 0.05). However, nm23H1 protein in group positive to LOH (14.29%) was lower than that in the group negative to LOH (63.64%, P < 0.05). The frequency of BRCA1 protein in the group positive to MSI (66.67%) was more than that in the group negative to MSI (29.03%, P < 0.05). The results of experiments indicate that MSI and LOH may separately control the development of sporadic colon cancer with different pathways. MSI may be an early period molecule marker for sporadic colon cancer, enhanced expression of nm23H1 protein can effectively inhibit colon cancer metastasis and improve prognosis of sporadic colon cancer patients. By comparison, LOH mostly arises in the late period of sporadic colon cancer and endows a high aggressive and poor prognostic phenotype. nm23H1 protein could effectively restrain gastric cancer metastasis and development; and BRCA1 protein could restain tumor from becoming lower differentiation.     

鞘内注射M受体和GDNF反义寡脱氧核苷酸抑制吗啡戒断大鼠蓝斑c—Fos表达

The antisense approach and immunohistochemistry were used to study the effects of different muscarinic receptor (M) subtypes and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the scores of morphine-withdrawal syndrome and the expression of c-Fos in locus coeruleus (LC). Intrathecal injection of M2 receptor antisense oligonucleotides (M2AS-oligo) or GDNF antisense oligonucleotides (GDNFAS-oligo) decreased the scores of morphine withdrawal syndrome. The expression of c-Fos positive neurons in the LC increased in morphine-dependent rats and increased to a greater extent after the injection of naloxone (4mg/kg, ip) in morphine dependent rats. Intrathecal injection of M2AS-oligo or GDNFAS-oligo inhibited the increase of c-Fos expression in LC during morphine withdrawal, but there was no effect in case of M1AS-oligo. The results suggest that M2 receptor of spinal cord mediates the neural activation of LC during morphine withdrawal. And the interaction between neurons and glial cells may be involved in the ascending activation process.     

鸡痘病毒复制非必需区的选择对重组鸡痘病毒免疫效力的影响

母源抗体的干扰是重组鸡痘病毒(FPV)活载体疫苗至今未能得到大规模推广应用的主要原因,而选择适当的FPV复制非必需区可能是解决这一问题的方法之一。根据已发表的美国致病株FPV的基因组设计两对引物,用PCR方法扩增FPV假定复制非必需区的两个侧翼区FPV1和FPV2 ,利用此假定复制非必需区构建FPV表达载体pP12LS及表达ZJ1株新城疫病毒(NDV)F基因的转移载体pP12LSF。pP12LSF与2 82E4株FPV共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF) ,经数轮蓝斑筛选得到纯化的重组病毒rFPV_FSC。重组FPV在CEF上连续传2 0代仍具有良好的遗传稳定性。对重组FPV进行免疫效力试验,在SPF鸡上,重组病毒rFPV_FSC和与之仅有复制非必需区差异的rFPV_FSB均能抵抗NDV强毒的攻击,提供10 0 %的保护。但在有母源抗体的商品鸡上,rFPV_FSC与rFPV_FSB的免疫效力却有显著差异,保护率分别为10 0 %和6 1 5 4 % ,rFPV_FSC的免疫效力与NDV常规油苗相当。试验结果表明,母源抗体对重组FPV的免疫效力有一定的影响,而选择合适的FPV复制非必需区是克服母源抗体并提高重组FPV免疫效力的有效策略之一