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41.
Marina I. Stanilova Valentina P. Ilcheva Nedjalka A. Zagorska 《Plant cell reports》1994,13(8):451-453
Summary The present work deals with the in vitro methods for rapid propagation, and morphogenetic potential of the rare and endangered bulb species Leucojum aestivum L., Amaryllidaceae, and Lilium rhodopaeum Delip., Liliaceae. The morphogenetic potential of different plant organs (bulb, stem, leaves and ovaries) was studied. Leaves of Leucojum aestivum L. and basal parts of the bulb in Lilium rhodopaeum Delip. possess the highest regeneration activity. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium + 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 1 mg/l kinetin and Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium + 0.5 mg/l 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) + 0.1 mg/l kinetin were favourable for direct organogenisis from these explants. A stimulating effect of alow gamma-irradiation dose (5 Gy) upon the quantity and growth intensity of the bulbs formed by the explants in in vitro conditions is observed. 相似文献
42.
In this study, using the quadratic saturation 310 D-optimal design method, we examined the effect of kinetin (KT), gibberellic
acid (GA), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on microrhizome production in ginger. The effect of GA on rhizome induction was
larger than that of KT or NAA. Using simulation and optimality selection for tissue culture, we found that concentrations
of GA, KT, and NAA of 1.33–2.35, 0.49–0.66, and 0.62 g/l, respectively, gave a microrhizome weight of over 0.25 g. The optimal
conditions for microrhizome production were 80 g/l sucrose, 2 × MS macro-elements, and 1 × MS micro-elements, with a photoperiod
of 24L:0D (light/dark). At the same time, 100% survival could be achieved on transfer of the in vitro ginger plantlets with
microrhizomes to soil. 相似文献
43.
Micropropagation system of Malus zumi was optimized by studying the influence of plant growth regulators and culture conditions. The axillary buds were used for
mutiplication of in vitro shoot culture on agar Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium with combination of 1 mg l−1 BAP, 0.5 mg l−1 NAA or 0.5 mg l−1 IAA or 0.5 mg l−1 IBA under 16 h photoperiod. The shoot growth in culture was not significantly affected within a broad range (5.0–7.0) of
initial medium pH. The highest shoot (13) was obtained on medium containing 1.0 mg l−1 BAP and 0.5 mg l−1 IAA. Well-developed shoots, 35–50 mm in length, were successfully rooted ex vitro at 86.3% by a 2-h-treatment with aqueous
solution containing MS salts and 100 mg l−1 IBA prior to their planting in growing substrate composed of soil and vermiculite (1:1 v/v). The survival rate of transplantation
reached 88.0% when transferred to field condition. 相似文献
44.
Michael W. Bairu Wendy A. Stirk Karel Doležal Johannes van Staden 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,95(3):373-379
The effect of the cytokinins mT (meta-topolin), mTR (meta-topolin riboside), MemT (meta-methoxy topolin) and MemTR (meta-methoxy topolin riboside) on micropropagation of banana cultivars ‘Williams’ and ‘Grand Naine’ was studied and compared to
BA (6-benzylaminopurine). In vitro cultures, at the third sub-culture level, were purchased from African Biotechnologies (Pty)
Ltd., South Africa. These were then sub-cultured on MS media containing 7.5, 15 and 30 μM of all the cytokinins tested. Results
recorded after 6 weeks of growth demonstrated that there were statistically significant differences between the parameters
analyzed for the treatments. Superior multiplication rates were recorded for mT and mTR treatments. This result was consistent when compared to BA at 22.2 μM (previously published standard concentration). Contrary
to previous findings with other species, these cytokinins inhibited rooting. The effect on somaclonal variation was not significantly
different when BA, mT and mTR were tested at the seventh multiplication cycle for ‘Williams’ banana. These results support the possible use of topolins
as an alternative to BA for Cavendish banana tissue culture. The role of these cytokinins on somaclonal variation however,
requires a more stringent investigation as the results obtained in this investigation could have been influenced by carry-over
effects from the initial cultures. 相似文献
45.
Kristina Ulrich Thomas Stauber Dietrich Ewald 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,93(3):347-351
High densities of endophytic bacteria were found in plant material from poplar, larch and spruce that had been micropropagated
for at least 5 years. The majority of these bacteria were assigned to the genus Paenibacillus based on the sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. Other endophytic bacteria such as Methylobacterium, Stenotrophomonas or Bacillus could also be found but only in some tissue cultures. Certain species or strains of Paenibacillus, especially those with a close relationship to P. humicus, seemed to accumulate under in vitro conditions without visible negative influences on the plant’s development. Poplar microcuttings
inoculated with the endophytic Paenibacillus isolate 22 showed significantly more roots per cutting and higher root length in comparison to the control plants after 3 weeks. 相似文献
46.
Federico Antonio Gutiérrez Miceli Adan Domínguez Estudillo Miguel Abud Archila Teresa del Rosario Ayora Talavera Luc Dendooven 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(1):33-39
Renealmia mexicana (Klotzsch ex. Petersen) is a tropical plant found in southern México with an ornamental value and a potential source of curcuminoids.
Its distribution in Chiapas has decreased because of deforestation and low propagation and germination rate, so a protocol
for in vitro propagation was developed. An orthogonal experimental design of L9 (34) in triplicate was used to investigate the effect of 6-benzyl adenine (BA), indole butyric acid (IBA), silver nitrate (AgNO3), and sucrose on shoot, root, and leaf development of plantlets grown in vitro. Plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were transferred to pots containing a mixture of peat moss and agrolite for
hardening before transfer to soil. The Murashige and Skoog (Physiol. Plant. 15:473–497, 1962) mineral medium (MS) supplemented
with 4.4 μM BA, 2.5 μM IBA, 11.7 μM AgNO3y and 5.5% (w/v) sucrose gave most shoots, 8.9 μM BA, 2.5 μM IBA, 17.7 μM AgNO3 and 5.5% (w/v) sucrose most roots, and 8.9 μM BA, 4.9 μM IBA, 11.7 μM AgNO3 and 3.0% (w/v) sucrose most leaves, although other combinations were statistically equivalent in each case. Sucrose was the factor that
most explained the variation in the promotion of shoots, roots, and leaves. The protocol developed resulted in up to 100%
survival when plantlets were transferred to soil using AgNO3, confirming that hardening of plantlets in vitro using hormonal stimulation was a suitable strategy to improve acclimatization. 相似文献
47.
J. Purkayastha T. Sugla A. Paul S. Solleti L. Sahoo 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(5):442-447
A rapid and efficient method for the large-scale propagation of a highly valuable medicinal plant, Andrographis paniculata Nees, through in vitro culture of nodal explants obtained from 15-d-old aseptic seedling has been developed. High frequency direct shoot proliferation
was induced in nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Amongst
the various cytokinins tested (BAP, kinetin, thidiazuron and 2-isopentyl adenine), BAP proved to be the most effective. The
shoot forming capacity of the nodal explants was influenced by the BAP concentration (1–12.5 μM), and the optimal response
was observed at 10 μM BAP, which induced an average of 34 shoots in 94% of the cultures within 4 wk. Significant differences
were recorded in terms of average number of shoots per explant (8.6–34.1) among the different concentrations of BAP investigated.
Concentrations of all cytokinins tested reach a level that can be considered above the optimum level, as marked by a reduced
frequency of shoot proliferation. The multiple shoots obtained on various concentrations of BAP failed to elongate even after
transfer to hormone-free MS medium. Elongation of the induced shoots was achieved on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 μM
GA3 within 2 wk. A proliferating shoot culture was established by repeatedly subculturing the original nodal explants on shoot
multiplication medium after each harvest of the newly formed shoots. The explants retained their morphogenic potential even
after three harvests. Therefore, in 90 d, about 60–70 shoots were obtained from a single nodal explant and the nodal explants
from primary shoots further regenerated equivalent number of shoots, depicting their high frequency regeneration potential
in A. paniculata. Rooting was best induced in 94% of shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), within
a wk. The plantlets were successfully transferred to soil after hardening with a 92% survival rate. The system is rapid: the
initiation of shoot buds to the transplanting of regenerants to soil is completed in 8–9 wk. 相似文献
48.
Georgia Pacheco Rachel Fatima Gagliardi Leonardo Alves Carneiro José Francisco Montenegro Valls Elisabeth Mansur 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(1):14-17
Seed explants of A. stenosperma were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine with the aim of rescuing nonviable accessions stored in
seed bank conditions. The regeneration potential of leaf explants from in vitro plants derived from embryonic axes was studied by using whole leaflets and leaflet segments. Explants were cultured on Murashige
and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine and naphthalene acetic acid. Indirect
organogenesis was observed in response to 6-benzylaminopurine, either alone or in association with naphthalene acetic acid,
in both explant types. Media supplemented with naphthalene acetic acid as the sole growth regulator induced rhizogenesis in
whole leaflets and leaflet segments, with subsequent shoot production directly from the roots. 相似文献
49.
Deepika Sharma Rupam Kapoor Ashok K. Bhatnagar 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(3):395-400
Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. (family Hypoxidaceae) is an endangered anticarcinogenic and aphrodisiac herb, native of India. This study reports
the effect of three arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inocula on post-transplanting performance of ‘in vitro’ raised C. orchioides plantlets. The three AM fungal inocula consisted of two monospecific cultures of Glomus geosporum and G. microcarpum and one crude consortium of AM fungal spores isolated from rhizosphere soil of C. orchioides growing in natural habitat. Complete plantlets of C. orchioides were raised by direct organogenesis of leaf explants on half strength Murashige and Skoog’s medium devoid of any growth hormone.
C. orchioides plantlets responded significantly different to all three mycorrhizal treatments. Mycorrhization enhanced the survival rate
of C. orchioides plantlets to 100%. The inoculated plantlets fared significantly better than the uninoculated ones in terms of biomass production
and number of leaves and roots per plant. Mycorrhizal plantlets exhibited higher concentrations of photosynthetic pigments
as well as minerals P, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe in both shoots and roots. Among the three inocula tested, plantlets inoculated
with the mixed consortium of AM fungi consistently performed better in terms of the parameters evaluated. The study suggests
use of mixed consortium of AM fungi over monospecific cultures for the sustainable cultivation and conservation of endangered
medicinal plant: Curculigo orchioides. 相似文献
50.
Difference in in vitro response and esculin content in two populations of Taraxacum officinale Weber
Sumiya Jamshieed Sandip Das M. P. Sharma P. S. Srivastava 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2010,16(4):353-358
In vitro micropropagation has been achieved in medicinally important plant, Taraxacum officinale collected from two different regions, Kashmir (J & K) and Garhwal (Uttarakhand). Leaf segments inoculated on MS supplemented with different combinations of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and Benzyladenine (BA) produced indirect regeneration. For root induction MS fortified with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was used. Taraxacum officinale collected from Garhwal responded two weeks earlier and showed shoot regeneration whereas in Kashmir population only callus proliferation occurred. Esculin content was also higher in the samples from Garhwal. The content was affected by both, the hormone concentration as well as age of the cultures. RAPD of the in vitro raised regenerants confirmed genetic stability. 相似文献