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91.
S. Naija N. Elloumi S. Ammar C. Kevers J. Dommes 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2009,45(1):83-91
Apple rootstock MM106 shoots, raised in vitro, rooted at 96.7% after culture on a medium supplemented with an auxin for 5 d in darkness followed by culture on a second
medium without growth regulators for 25 d in light. In control conditions (in absence of auxin in the first medium), these
shoots did not root. Putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD), cyclohexylamine (CHA), and aminoguanidine (AG) enhanced rooting when
applied during the first d of culture in the absence of IBA; on the contrary, α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) added to the
first medium with IBA inhibited rooting. The endogenous levels of indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole 3-acetylaspartic acid
(IAAsp) increased up to a maximum concentration at days 2 and 3, respectively, in initial rooting conditions. PUT, when added
with IBA, did not affect the typical IAA and IAAsp increase; when applied alone, it provoked an increase of their levels.
Similar results were recorded with CHA. SPD, AG, and DFMO did not induce an increase of IAA and IAAsp in nonrooting conditions.
The levels of endogenous PUT increased to a maximum at day 2 in rooting conditions; it was slightly affected by exogenous
PUT and CHA application but reduced by SPD, AG, and DFMO. In rooting conditions, if the first medium was supplemented with
SPD or AG, a small increase in peroxidase activity was observed, similar to that obtained with PUT treatment. The present
work indicates an involvement of polyamines in the control of rooting and an interaction with auxins during the physiological
phase of rooting. The consequence of this relationship was a different rooting expression, according especially to the content
of these regulators in the culture medium. 相似文献
92.
J. J. Chavan A. S. Nalawade N. B. Gaikwad R. V. Gurav G. B. Dixit S. R. Yadav 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2014,20(3):405-410
An efficient protocol was developed for the rapid in vitro multiplication of an endemic and critically endangered medicinal herb, Ceropegia noorjahaniae Ans., via enhanced axillary bud proliferation from nodal explants. The effects of phytohormones [6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (Kin) thidiazuron (TDZ), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)] on in vitro regeneration were investigated. The highest number of shoots (18.3 ± 1.3), maximum shoot length (10.1 ± 0.8 cm) and the highest response of shoot induction (95 %) were recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP. Rooting was best achieved on half-strength MS medium augmented with IBA (1.0 mg/l). Half-strength MS medium supplemented with BAP (4 mg/l) and sucrose (5 %, w/v) produced an average of 5.6 flower buds per microshoots with highest (90 %) flower bud induction response. The plantlets regenerated in vitro with well-developed shoot and roots were successfully established in pots containing sterile sand and coco peat (1:1) and grown in a greenhouse with 85 % survival rate. The regenerated plants did not show any detectable morphological variation. The developed method can be successfully employed for large-scale multiplication and conservation of C. noorjahaniae. 相似文献
93.
Md. Mahabubur Rahman Muhammad Nurul Amin Futoshi Ishiguri Shinso Yokota Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana Yuya Takashima Kazuya Iizuka Nobuo Yoshizawa 《Plant biotechnology reports》2009,3(3):259-266
A plantlet regeneration protocol was developed on pot-grown mature plants of Elaeocarpus robustus Roxb. cv. Dwarf from nodal and leaf explants. The best yield of adventitious shoots was achieved from the leaf-derived calli
in a modified MS (MMS1, half strength of major salts, full strength of minor salts, and vitamins) medium containing 4.0 μM BA + 4.0 μM Kn + 0.5 μM
NAA + 15% coconut water (CW). The shoot multiplication rate was amplified about twofold per culture after the addition of
15% CW to the medium. The rate of shoot multiplication reached maximum at the 5th subculture, and it maintained this rate
throughout the 3 subsequent subcultures. The best rooting in vitro was investigated by subculturing the microcuttings in an
MMS2 (half strength of both major salts and minor salts and full strength of vitamins) medium containing 1.0 μM IBA in the dark
for one initial week at 30°C, followed by subculturing them in a plant-growth regulator (PGR)-free medium in the light. The
plantlets raised in vitro were successfully established under ex vitro conditions. 相似文献
94.
An efficient and rapid method for in vitro clonal propagation of Huernia hystrix was developed, resulting in shoot regeneration within 3 weeks of culture. This endangered medicinal and ornamental succulent
is in high demand. Multiple shoots were regenerated from stem explants (10 mm length) cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS)
medium containing 3% sucrose and supplemented with a range of NAA (0.00–8.06 μM) and BA (4.44–22.19 μM) concentrations. A
100% shoot response with a multiplication rate of four shoots per explant was obtained on MS medium containing 5.37 μM NAA
and 22.19 μM BA. Callus produced at the base of the explant on the same medium showed root organogenic potential. The in vitro
regenerated shoots produced roots when transferred to half strength MS medium with or without auxin. The micropropagated plants
were easily acclimatized within 2 months under greenhouse conditions when potted in a soil and sand mixture (1:1; v/v) treated
with a fungicide (Benlate, 0.01%). More than 95% survival with no observable morphological variations was obtained. The developed
protocol provides a simple, cost-effective means for the conservation of endangered H. hystrix by clonal propagation within a short time. 相似文献
95.
一种以黄化法为基础提高毛白杨快速繁殖效率的新方法 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文报道以黄化法为基础的毛白杨(Populus tomentosa)快速繁殖方法的初步研究结果。它包括1.用低浓度的先锋霉素(cefotaxime 2.5ppm)抑制快速繁殖过程中的细菌污染和用低浓度 HgCl_2灭菌的方法恢复经长期继代培养后被污染的试管植物;2.用极低浓度的 TDZ(thidiazuron 0.005ppm)替代价格昂贵的玉米素(zeatin,Z),促进毛白杨叶外植体上芽的分化和增殖;3.用黄化的方法促使芽的伸长以增加可被用于生根的嫩枝的数量。用这种方法可在一个100ml 的三角瓶中得到约50个黄化的嫩枝,比在光下培养得到的嫩枝多3—5倍;4.黄化嫩枝直接扦插或经光下转绿后扦插于经灭菌的基质中,生根率均可达到90%以上。这一方法可以节省人力和能耗,提高培养室的利用效率,大幅度地提高快速繁殖的效率。 相似文献
96.
Barbara M. Reed 《Plant cell reports》1991,10(9):431-434
Summary This study reports the first use of gaspermeable, heat-sealable polyethylene bags for cold storage of plant tissue cultures. The bags were used to develop a new cold storage system for the in vitro strawberry collection at the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR), Corvallis. In vitro Fragaria plantlets of 96 different accessions (species and cultivars) were transferred to bags with basal medium without growth regulators, heat-sealed, grown for one week at 25°C, cold hardened for one week, and then stored in the dark at 4°C. These in vitro cultures were successfully stored for up to 24 months in polyethylene bags. Evaluations at three month intervals provided information on the condition of the diverse collection. Over 75% of the accessions originally stored remained in storage for 15 months and 47% remained for over 18 months. None of the 96 accessions studied was lost due to contamination or decline in vigor. Over 300 Fragaria accessions are currently stored using this system.Abbreviations BA
N6-benzyladenine
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- GA3
gibberellic acid 相似文献
97.
M. Escalona J. C. Lorenzo B. González M. Daquinta J.L. González Y. Desjardins C. G. Borroto 《Plant cell reports》1999,18(9):743-748
A procedure for the mass propagation of pineapple plants (Ananas comosus L. Merr) using a temporary immersion technique is described. This procedure involved three distinct phases in the automated
temporary immersion system: shooting, bud differentiation and elongation. To establish this protocol, we used in vitro shoots
obtained from established liquid culture as starting materials. Three culture methods (solid, liquid and temporary immersion)
were compared. Temporary immersion increased the multiplication rate and fresh and dry weight after 42 days. Conventional
micropropagation (liquid medium) and temporary immersion were compared in combination with paclobutrazol. Paclobutrazol promoted
the formation of compact bud clusters with limited leaf development. The highest multiplication rate (106) was found when
ex-plants were cultured in shooting medium (MS+2.1 mg/l BA+0.3 mg/l NAA) supplemented with 1 mg/l PB for 7 weeks. A 10-l temporary
immersion bioreactor was used to test two approaches during elongation stage: reduction of the shoot-formation period or decrease
of the initial number of explants. The highest number of competent and uniform plants (191.8 plant/l) was achieved when shoots
were cultured for 4 weeks in shooting medium supplemented with PB.
Received: 4 February 1998 / Revision received: 22 June 1998 / Accepted: 14 August 1998 相似文献
98.
A procedure has been described for the large-scale micropropagation of three Phragmites species, P. karka, P. communis and P. australis, from axillary buds excised from the main and side branches. Position of the buds on the branches had an effect on the bud
break and establishment of the cultures under in vitro conditions. Lower buds of P. australis and middle buds of P. karka and P. communis were the most suitable. The presence of yeast extract as one of the ingredients of the sprouting medium helped in the early
detection of systemic contamination. Multiple shoot formation and root initiation were obtained on Murashige and Skoog's basal
medium supplemented with different concentrations of BA – 0.5 mg/l for P. karka, 0.25 mg/l for P. communis and 0.1 mg/l for P. australis– 0.5 mg/l Kn and 2% sucrose (w/v). Shoots and roots elongated on half-strength MS basal medium with 2% sucrose but without
any plant growth regulators. A zone of root hair was observed in the case of P. australis. Hardening occurred on 95% of the plantlets within 30 days of transfer to the polyhouse. Over 10,000 plants were produced
from three buds of each species within 9 months. The plants were supplied to a private company for their industrial waste
treatment.
Received: 1 June 1998 / Revision received: 28 August 1998 / Accepted: 10 October 1998 相似文献
99.
Tissue culture techniques have been established as a useful approach for ex situ conservation of rare, endemic or threatened
plant species. This report describes the micropropagation of Centaurea paui Loscos ex Willk (Compositae), an extremely endangered plant species endemic to the Valencia Community (eastern Spain), as
a conservation measure which does not cause damage to the wild plants used as explant source. Inflorescence nodal segments
of C. paui were selected as explants for in vitro establishment. The best rate of shoot proliferation was obtained on Murashige and
Skoog (MS) mineral medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-benzyladenine or with 2 mg/l kinetin. Maximum shoot elongation was
achieved without growth regulators, and the addition of cytokinins significantly decreased their size. In vitro rooting of
shoots was difficult after 6 weeks on rooting media. The combination of 2 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid plus 2 mg/l indole-3-butyric
acid on MS medium yielded the best results. In this medium, 40% of shoots rooted before 30 days of culture. About 70% of the
rooted plants were successfully transferred to pots and acclimatized to ex vitro conditions.
Received: 12 January 1998 / Revision received: 10 October 1998 / Accepted: 28 October 1998 相似文献
100.
Comparative flow cytometric estimation of nuclear DNA content in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) tissue cultures and seed-derived plants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Flow cytometric analysis performed on two different crosses of dura×pisifera oil palm gave an accurate estimation of nuclear DNA content. The genome size of Elaeis guineensis was found to be 2C=3.76±0.09 pg and therefore ca. 3.4×109 bp. Embryogenic calli and plants showed the same ploidy level, but the measured 2C DNA values differed significantly. No
variation in the ploidy level between three different types of calli originating from foliar explants, namely nodular compact
callus, fast-growing callus and friable callus was observed. Since fast-growing callus (FGC), already identified as a source
of `mantled' phenotype variants, did not show any difference in their ploidy level, these results are consistent with the
hypothesis of an epigenetic origin for this type of somaclonal variant.
Received: 17 February 1997 / Revision received: 13 May 1997 / Accepted: 22 May 1997 相似文献