标记蛋白HPT的表达、纯化及免疫活性鉴定

构建含有HPT的原核表达质粒,经诱导表达纯化后获得HPT抗体。从含有hpt的质粒pCambia1301上扩增目的基因,经SalⅠ和NotⅠ双酶切后与原核表达载体pET-28b（+）进行粘性末端连接,成功构建了pET-28b-hpt质粒,并转化到宿主细菌大肠杆菌Rosset(DE3)中进行蛋白表达。在异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导下,pET-28b-hpt原核表达载体在E.coli Rosset菌株中以包涵体的形式高效表达了HPT蛋白,并以纯化的目的蛋白为抗原免疫兔制备了多克隆抗体。利用本方法可以获得特异性强、灵敏度高的多克隆抗体。     

重组蛋白GST-OsCATB的表达特性研究

为了阐明水稻Catalase（CAT）的酶学功能,首先需要获得出足量的、活性的该酶蛋白。本研究克隆了水稻OsCAT_B基因(GenBank accession No.D26484),构建到原核表达载体pGEX-6p-3中形成重组蛋白,继而转入E.coli菌株BL21中进行表达特性研究。结果表明,GST-OsCAT_B融合蛋白在E.coli中进行了过量表达,表达受到诱导剂浓度、诱导时间、诱导温度和诱导体系等多因素影响;通过谷胱甘肽Sepharose-4B亲合层析,纯化出足量、活性的融合蛋白GST-OsCAT_B,每克表达细胞（干重）中得率为51 mg GST-OsCAT_B。     

Purification and Partial Characterization of β-Glucosidase from Fresh Leaves of Tea Plants （Camellia sinensis （L.） O. Kuntze）

β-Glucosidases are important in the formation of floral tea aroma and the development of resistance to pathogens and herbivores in tea plants. A novel β-glucosidase was purified 117-fold to homogeneity,with a yield of 1.26%, from tea leaves by chilled acetone and ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography (CM-Sephadex C-50) and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC; Superdex 75, Resource S). The enzyme was a monomeric protein with specific activity of 2.57 U/mg. The molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be about 41 kDa and 34 kDa by SDS-PAGE and FPLC gel filtration on Superdex 200, respectively. The enzyme showed optimum activity at 50℃ and was stable at temperatures lower than 40℃. It was active between pH 4.0 and pH 7.0, with an optimum activity at pH 5.5, and was fairly stable from pH 4.5 to pH 8.0. The enzyme showed maximum activity towards pNPG, low activity towards pNP-Galacto, and no activity towards pNP-Xylo.     

Identification of immunodominant Th1-type T cell epitopes from Schistosoma japonicum 28 kDa glutathione-S-transferase, a vaccine candidate

Th1-type cytokines produced by the stimulation of Th 1-type epitopes derived from defined schistosome-associated antigens are correlated with the development of resistance to the parasite infection. Schistosoma mansoni 28 kDa glutathione-S-transferase （Sm28GST）, a major detoxification enzyme, has been recognized as a vaccine candidate and a phase II clinical trial has been carried out. Sheep immunized with recombinant Schistosoma japonicum 28GST （Sj28GST） have shown immune protection against the parasite infection. In the present study, six candidate peptides （P1, P2, P3, P4, P7 and P8） from Sj28GST were predicted, using software, to be T cell epitopes, and peptides P5 and P6 were designed by extending five amino acids at the N-terminal and C-terminal of P1, respectively. The peptide 190-211 aa in Sj28GST corresponding to the Th1-type epitope （190-211 aa） identified from Sm28GST was selected and named P9. The nine candidate peptides were synthesized or produced as the fusion protein with thioredoxin in the pET32c（＋）/BL21（DE3） system. Their capacity to induce a Th1-type response in vitro was measured using lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine detection experiments and flow cytometry. The results showed that P6 （73-86 aa） generated the strongest stimulation effect on T cells among the nine candidate peptides, and drove the highest level of IFN-γ, and IL-2. Therefore, P6 is a functional Thl-type T cell epitope that is different from that in Sm28GST, and will be useful for the development of effective vaccines which can trigger acquired immunity against S. japonicum. Moreover, our strategy of identifying the Thl-type epitope by a combination of software prediction and experimental confirmation provides a convenient and cost-saving alternative approach to previous methods.     

魔芋葡甘低聚糖对小鼠抗氧化酶活性的影响

研究魔芋葡甘低聚糖对小鼠血浆和肝脏中抗氧化酶活性的影响。魔芋葡甘低聚糖能有效地降低肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)的含量,提高肝脏和血浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活性。尤以高剂量组效果最好。     

两种菌株来源的glyA基因的克隆、表达及酶活性检测

采用PCR方法,分别从大肠杆菌和嗜热链球菌基因组DNA中扩增获得glyA基因,分别克隆入载体pET-28 a(+)中并进行表达,分离和纯化得到两种不同来源的SHMT,分别检测两种SHMT的逆向酶活。比较来源于大肠杆菌K12与嗜热链球菌AS1.2471中的glyA基因表达的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶(SHMT)的活性,以获得高活性的SHMT。结果成功获得两种菌中的glyA基因,并表达出具有较高活性的SHMT,其中嗜热链球菌中glyA基因表达出的SHMT的酶活性大约为大肠杆菌的两倍。从嗜热链球菌中克隆表达的SHMT具有更高的催化活性及良好的工业应用前景。     

豚鼠心脏CDP-乙醇胺磷酸转移酶的动力学研究

为探讨不同的二价基甘油对三种乙醇胺甘油磷脂生物合成能力的影响,通过对豚鼠乙醇胺磷酸转移酶动力学研究,发现磷脂酰乙醇胺的合成可被1-烷基-2-脂酰甘油和1-烯醚基-2-脂酰甘油抑制,而缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺的生成不受1,2-二脂酰甘油影响,并提示不同的二价基甘油对乙醇胺磷酸转移酶的抑制作用呈非竞争性抑制,此有利于对三种乙醇胺磷脂酰甘油生物合成的相互协调作用。     

糖苷酶及其在糖基化合物改性中的研究

利用糖苷酶对糖基化合物的糖基定向改造工程是目前一个研究的热点。通过对该领域最新研究成果调研,综述了糖苷酶的分类、催化机理及其在糖基化合物改性中的应用,其中着重阐述了β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶在甘草酸生物改性中的应用。提出了糖苷酶的改造方法及其在糖基化合物改性中的研究策略。     

贵州从江侗族威宁彝族、荔波瑶族谷胱甘肽S-转移酶M l、Tl 和Pl 的基因多态性研究

目的：研究贵州从江侗族、威宁彝族、荔波瑶族的GSTs基因多态性。方法：在隔离自然人群中,采用多重等住基因特异聚合酶链反应方法分析GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性,同时采用PCR-RFLP的方法和TaqMan-MGB探针基因分型方法分析GSTP1（A1578G）基因多态性。结果：贵州从江侗族、成宁彝族、荔波瑶族的GSTM1和GSTT1纯合缺失基因型频率分别为59．6％～71．2％、39．4％～72.5％。其GSTP1（A1578G）基因型频率分别为：野生型（AA）为63.3％～75％、杂合子（AG）为23.2％～35．8％、纯合突变型（GG）为0～1.9％。等位基因频率：A为81．2％～86．6％,G为13．4％～18.8％。结论：贵州从江侗族、威宁彝族、荔波瑶族的GSTM1纯合缺失基因型频率在民族间差异无统计学意义,GSTP1（A1578G）基因型频率和等住基因频率在民族间差异无统计学意义,且其等位基因频率均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,但其GSTT1纯合缺失基因型频率在民族间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。     

家蚕谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶基因BmGSTz1的克隆、序列分析及组织表达特征

谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GSTs)是一个功能广泛的超基因家族, 其中Zeta家族在动物、植物和细菌中均有分布。在哺乳动物中, Zeta GSTs具有马来酰乙酰乙酸异构酶（MAAI）活性, 参与苯丙氨酸/酪氨酸的代谢过程。本研究对家蚕Bombyx mori基因组中预测的GST基因（BmGSTz1）进行了表达序列标签的搜索, 经拼接后获得一条含有3′和5′非翻译区在内的长度为1 239 bp 的cDNA序列, 其3′端含有AATAAA加尾信号。BmGSTz1基因含有4个内含子, 外显子/内含子边界均符合GT-AG 规则。经TA克隆证实, BmGSTz1基因编码区序列全长648 bp, 共编码215个氨基酸。BmGSTz1推定的分子量为24.8 kD, 等电点pI为8.06。BmGSTz1与其他昆虫和哺乳动物GSTz1的氨基酸序列高度保守, 进化分析表明家蚕BmGSTz1与黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster、冈比亚按蚊Anopheles gambiae、意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera和赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum的GSTz1形成1∶1∶1∶1∶1的直系同源关系。RT-PCR和基因芯片数据表明BmGSTz1在家蚕5龄第3天幼虫各组织中都有表达。序列和组织表达特征分析结果提示家蚕BmGSTz1可能具有MAAI活性, 这将为进一步深入研究BmGSTz1基因的功能提供参考。