蓝色染料配基亲和纯化眼镜蛇心脏毒素的研究

探索了蓝色染料（Cibacron Blue F3G-A）亲和分离中华眼镜蛇心脏毒素的可能性。采用环氧基活化法制备蓝色染料亲和介质,中性条件下提取眼镜蛇粗毒中的心脏毒素。Tricine系统SDS-PAGE多肽电泳和Lowry法蛋白定量分析纯化效果,发现蓝色染料琼脂糖一步纯化中华眼镜蛇心脏毒素的纯度达到84%,结合量为6.9mg/ml介质。这是首次利用小分子亲和配基纯化心脏毒素。与生物大分子配基相比,活性染料分子具有价格便宜,易于合成,性质稳定,不易降解和适合大规模生产等优点。     

Characterization of a novel toxin-antitoxin module, VapBC, encoded by Leptospira interrogans chromosome

Comparative genomic analysis of the coding sequences (CDSs) of Leptospira interrogans revealed a pair of closely linked genes homologous to the vapBC loci of many other bacteria with respect to both deduced amino acid sequencesand operon organizations. Expression of single vapC gene in Escherichia coli resulted in inhibition of bacterial growth,whereas co-expression of vapBC restored the growth effectively. This phenotype is typical for three other character-ized toxin-antitoxin systems of bacteria, i.e., mazEF[1], reIBE[2] and chplK[3]. The VapC proteins of bacteria and a thermophilic archeae, Solfolobus tokodaii, form a structurally distinguished group of toxin different from the other known toxins of bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis of both toxins and antitoxins of all categories indicated that althought oxins were evolved from divergent sources and may or may not follow their speciation paths (as indicated by their 16s RNA seouences）, co-evolution with their antitoxins was obvious.     

Human μ—opioid receptor overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous Gi／0 proteins

Human mu-opioid receptor (HmuOR) with a tag of six consecutive histidines at its carboxyl terminus had been expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells. The maximal binding capacity for the [3H] diprenorphine and [3H]ohmefentanyl (Ohm) were 9.1 +/- 0.7 and 6.52 +/- 0.23 nmol/g protein, respectively. The [3H] diprenorphine or [3H] Ohm binding to the receptor expressed in Sf9 cells was strongly inhibited by mu-selective agonists [D-Ala2, N-methyl-Phe4, glyol5]enkephalin (DAGO), Ohm, and morphine, but neither by delta nor by kappa selective agonist. Na+ (100 mM) and GTP (50 microM) could reduce HmuOR agonists etorphine and Ohm affinity binding to the overexpressed HmuOR. mu-selective agonists DAGO and Ohm effectively stimulated [35S]GTP-gammaS binding (EC50 = 2.7 nM and 6.9 nM) and inhibited forskolin- stimulated cAMP accumulation (IC50 = 0.9 nM and 0.3 nM). The agonist-dependent effects could be blocked by opioid antagonist naloxone or by pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin (PTX). These results demonstrated that HmuOR overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous G(i/o) proteins.     

球孢白僵菌毒素的分离、毒力检测及结构鉴定

用吸附法从球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)1003-V的代谢产物中分离出导致昆虫患病的毒素粗提物(以下简称毒素),并对其进行了毒力检测.结果表明,该毒素对白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus)幼虫有明显毒性;对棉铃虫(Heliothis zea)幼虫口服毒性较弱,血腔注射毒性较强;仅对革兰氏阳性细菌有抑菌作用.对草地夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)Sf-21细胞株的毒力测定结果表明,毒力回归方程为y=2.03+2.39x,半致死浓度是0.01751%,其95%可信极限为0.01517%~0.0202%.高压液相色谱和红外光谱分析表明,该毒素含有三种在结构和性质上非常相近的物质.     

苏云金杆菌毒素

苏云金杆菌产生的对昆虫有致病作用的毒素有７种,即α－外毒素、β－外毒素、γ－外毒素、δ－内毒素、不稳定外毒素、水溶性毒素、鼠因子外毒素。苏云金杆菌主要是经口感染昆虫,它杀死昆虫可由菌体本身的活动而引起,但是使害虫死亡的更主要的原因是菌体产生的毒素。毒...     

蛇毒心脏毒素对动物细胞的遗传损伤和生殖毒性研究

目的 应用眼镜蛇毒心脏毒素（ＣＴＸ）作用于小鼠的骨髓细胞和生殖细胞,以探讨ＣＴＸ对动物体的生殖毒性和遗传毒性。方法 对小鼠腹腔注射不同剂量ＣＴＸ,通过生殖毒性实验和致突变实验,分析孕鼠的胚胎存活率,骨髓细胞和精母细胞的染色体畸变率。结果：ＣＴＸ能影响胎鼠的生长发育,使孕鼠的增重和活胎率均明显地降低（Ｐ〈０．００１）,染色体畸变实验显示ＣＴＸ０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量上精母细胞多倍体和非整倍体细胞数目增高     

虎纹捕鸟蛛毒素-Ⅰ突变体K3A-HWTX-Ⅰ的化学合成与生理活性分析

采用固相Ｆｍｏｃ法在自制自动蛋白质化学工作站上合成了其第３位赖氨酸（Ｋ３）被丙氨酸（Ａ）取代的虎纹捕鸟蛛毒素－Ⅰ的突变体Ｋ３Ａ－ＨＷＴＸ－Ⅰ．合成的突变体用Ｅｄｍａｎ降解和电喷雾质谱进行鉴定．Ｋ３Ａ－ＨＷＴＸ－Ⅰ经谷胱甘肽系统进行氧化复性后通过离子交换和反相ＨＰＬＣ纯化．活性分析结果表明,Ｋ３被Ａ取代后ＨＷＴＸ－Ⅰ的生物活性下降了８０％,提示Ｋ３与ＨＷＴＸ－Ⅰ的生物活性有一定的相关性     

重组α-银环蛇毒素的纯化及活性分析

以表达重组α-银环蛇毒素的高效表达菌株BL21(PDZ04)为材料,研究重组α-银环蛇毒素(α-bungarotoxin,α-BgTx)的分离纯化。采取亲和色谱和离子交换色谱的方法都得到了重组α-银环蛇毒素的纯品。参考文献报道的方法从天然的银环蛇毒干粉中分离纯化得到了天然α-银环蛇毒素的纯品。然后以天然α-银环蛇毒素为对照来检测重组α-银环蛇毒素的抗原性和毒性。ELISA结果显示其具有与天然α-银环蛇毒素相似的抗原性,以小鼠为动物模型,纯化的重组α-银环蛇毒素与天然α-银环蛇毒素相比,其腹腔注射的LD50也基本一致,约为0.22μg/g。结果表明利用基因工程的方法生产蛇神经毒素是可行的。     

山苍子油对霉菌抗菌性及其与黄曲霉产毒关系的研究

采用平板法比较天然增香剂山苍子油与合成食用防腐剂苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾对8种霉菌的抗菌效力。结果表明,在培养基pH4．5时山苍子油对多数霉菌的最低抑菌浓度为1．77mg／ml,与山梨酸钾的抑菌强度相近,比苯甲酸钠强;但当培养基pH5．5以上时苯甲酸钠对霉菌几乎无效,山梨酸钾的抗菌效力也有减弱,而山苍子油受影响很小,其活性pH范围为4．5～8．5。山苍子油用脂肪酸蔗糖酯乳化,其抗菌效力增强一倍。同时,从山苍子油与黄曲霉产毒关系的实验中发现,山苍子油对黄曲霉产生黄曲霉毒素有较强的抑制作用。     

条盖盔孢伞子实体及菌丝体中鹅膏毒素检测

条盖盔孢伞(Galerina sulciceps)是一种有毒蘑菇,近年来在中国南方发生了多起因误食该菌引起的中毒事件。在分离获得纯培养物的基础上,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测分析了条盖盔孢伞子实体和菌丝体中的鹅膏毒素。结果显示野生条盖盔孢伞子实体(干质量)含有α-amanitin和β-amanitin分别为868.32μg/g和406.56μg/g,液体发酵培养的菌丝体中未检测到α-amanitin和β-amanitin。