水牛卵巢黄体形成和退化的蛋白质表达谱构建及生物信息学分析

本研究构建了水牛卵巢黄体形成及退化过程的定量蛋白质表达谱,从中寻找与水牛发情周期相关的重要蛋白质。为研究水牛卵巢周期性变化的分子机制提供蛋白质水平的数据支撑,进而为提高水牛繁殖效率奠定实验基础。以水牛排卵后的红体期(corpus hemorrhagicum,CH)、黄体期(corpus luteum,CL)和白体期(corpus fibrosum,CF)的卵巢作为研究对象,利用串联质谱标签(tandem mass tag,TMT)标记结合液质联用((liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)的定量蛋白质组学技术,采用相关软件对得到的差异表达蛋白质进行生物信息学分析。同时对与水牛发情周期相关的重要差异蛋白质:单核巨噬细胞分化抗原(CD14)、通用转录因子Ⅱ-Ⅰ(GTF2I)、羟基类固醇(17β)脱氢酶1(HSD17B1)、U6 sn RNA相关Sm样蛋白质(LSM1)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制物(SERPINE1)进行了qRT-PCR分析验证。结果显示,共鉴定得到2 343种蛋白质,其中差异表达蛋白质有284种(差异倍数≥2.0),初步构建了水牛卵巢黄体形成和退化的定量蛋白质表达谱。对其中的五种重要差异蛋白质(CD14、GTF2I、HSD17B1、LSM1和SERPINE1)进行qRT-PCR验证,结果有四种(CD14、HSD17B1、LSM1和SERPINE1)的qPCR结果与质谱结果相一致,仅GTF2I与质谱结果不一致,可能是由于GTF2I存在转录后调控。本研究首次从蛋白质水平对水牛卵巢排卵后的周期性变化的分子机制进行了探究,同时为其他家畜品种发情周期的研究提供了新的研究思路。     

Lower Cretaceous theropod tracks with the new ichnogenus and combination Lockleypus luanpingensis from the Dabeigou Formation of the Luanping Basin,Hebei Province,China

Theropod footprints from the Jingshang tracksite in the Lower Cretaceous Dabeigou Formation of the Luanping Basin, Hebei Province, China, are re-evaluated after new discoveries at this locality. They occur in a succession with sandstone, mudstone, and calcareous shale. The depositional environment was a shallow lake shore, comparable in age to the famous Jehol Biota. Based on the distinct morphology with peculiar features of the ratio of the outer digits, the footprints formerly assigned to Changpeipus carbonicus are now referred to the new ichnogenus and combination Lockleypus luanpingensis. The possible trackmaker was a relatively large ornithomimosaurian theropod thus far not known from the skeletal record of the Jehol Biota.     

Survival Impact of Delaying Postoperative Radiotherapy in Patients with Esophageal Cancer

The purpose of the current study was to retrospectively assess the effect of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) delay on survival for patients with esophageal cancer. From 2008 to 2011, patients with esophageal cancer who had undergone postoperative RT in five different hospitals in China were reviewed. Clinical data, including time interval between surgery to RT, were prospectively collected. Kaplan-Meier method was conducted to estimate the effect of each variable on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), with differences assessed by log-rank test. Univariate Cox proportional-hazards models were performed for both PFS and OS for all assumed predictor variables. Statistically significant predictor variables (P < .05) on univariate analysis were then included in multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models, which were performed to compare the effects of RT delay on PFS and OS. A total of 316 patients were finally enrolled in this prospectively multicentric study. Time to RT after surgery varied from 12 days to over 60 days (median, 26 days). Multivariate analysis showed that delay to RT longer than the median does not appear to be a survival cost. There was also no statistically difference in PFS (P = .513) or OS (P = .236) between patients stratified by quartiles (≤21 days vs ≧35 days). However, patients with particularly long delays (≧42 days) demonstrated a detrimental impact on OS (P = .021) but not PFS (P = .580). Delaying postoperative RT of esophageal cancer does not impact PFS, but results in a significant reduction on OS if delaying longer than 6 weeks.     

Subchronic Arsenism Disorders mRNA Expression of Cytokines and Immunoglobulins in the Intestinal Tract of the Cock

Provision of feed containing arsenic may cause intestinal flora imbalance and consequently, the dysfunction of immunological protection of the cock. To understand the intricate tuning of immune responses in the intestinal tract elicited by subchronic arsenism, a cock model (1-day-old Hy-line cocks) was established by subjecting cocks to different environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenic in the diet for 90 days. Intestinal cytokine and immunoglobulin (Ig) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were determined using real-time PCR on days 30, 60, and 90. Results showed that, compared to those of the control groups, the mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, and interferon (IFN)-γ displayed increases on day 30 then decreases on days 60 and 90 dose-dependently in every tissue. Except for the decrease in the jejunum, the mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were increased in the duodenum, ileum, cecum, and rectum. However, the mRNA levels of IL-12β decreased in every tissue and every time point compared to those of the control groups. In contrast, chicks showed considerably higher expression levels of IgA, IgM, and IgG after exposure to arsenic. These results demonstrated that immune strategies of cocks were disturbed when suffered from subchronic arsenism, at least on the intestinal level.     

Two new dinosaur tracksites from the Lower Cretaceous Jiaguan Formation of Sichuan Basin,China: specific preservation and ichnotaxonomy

Two new dinosaur tracksites are reported from the Lower Cretaceous Jiaguan Formation in the Sichuan Basin, Qijiang District of Chongqing. These are the Gaoqing-Yongsheng and the Huibu tracksites, which represent the 13th and 14th reports from this formation. The Gaoqing-Yongsheng tracksite reveals the trackway of a large biped (ornithopod) in association with isolated sauropod tracks and large indeterminate undertracks with radial cracks. These features are preserved as natural casts with pebble infillings in a coarse, cross bedded and very thick bedded sandstone sequence. The Huibu tracksite reveals isolated theropod tracks and ornithopod tracks, the latter having a quadripartite, Caririchnium-like morphology, preserved in a thin bedded sandstone sequence with intercalated mudstone.     

Phospholipase Dα1‐mediated phosphatidic acid change is a key determinant of desiccation‐induced viability loss in seeds

High sensitivity of seeds to water loss is a widespread phenomenon in the world's plant species. The molecular basis of this trait is poorly understood but thought to be associated with critical changes in membrane function. We profiled membrane lipids of seeds in eight species with varying levels of desiccation tolerance and found a close association between reducing seed viability and increasing phosphatidic acid (PA). We applied hydration–dehydration cycles to Arabidopsis seeds, which are normally desiccation tolerant, to mimic the onset of desiccation sensitivity with progression towards germination and examined the role of phospholipase D (PLD) in desiccation stress‐induced production of PA. We found that PLDα1 became more abundant and migrated from the cytosol to the membrane during desiccation, whereas PLDδ did not change, and that all desiccation‐induced PA was derived from PLDα1 hydrolysis. When PLDα1 was suppressed, the germination level after each hydration–dehydration cycle improved significantly. We further demonstrated that PLDα1‐mediated PA formation modulates desiccation sensitivity as applying its inhibitor improved seed desiccation tolerance and its suppression in protoplasts enhanced survival under dehydration. The insights provided by comparative lipidomics enable us to propose a new membrane‐based model for seed desiccation stress and survival.     

CD10+GPR77+ Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote Cancer Formation and Chemoresistance by Sustaining Cancer Stemness

1. Download high-res image (209KB)
2. Download full-size image

     

白颈环毛蚓(Pheritima catifornica)与壮伟环毛蚓(Amynthas robusto)的PTC-氨基酸分析

对白颈环毛蚓与壮伟环毛蚓的体壁及内脏器官ＰＴＣ—氨基酸的含量进行了初步分析,结果表明：两种蚯蚓具有１５种氨基酸,８种必需氨基酸含量均较高。而壮伟环毛蚓的必需氨基酸总量均超过白颈环毛蚓,也大大超过国产或进口鱼粉氨基酸总含量;加上壮伟环毛蚓个体大,分布广,又耐污染,抗病能力强,所以这是一种值得开发的动物蛋白的新资源。     

大熊猫DNA序列变异及其遗传多样性研究

测定了来自马边、美姑、越西、宝兴、平武、青川、南坪和白水江等地40只大熊猫336～444bp的线粒体tRNA基因和D环区序列.在21个创立者中共检出9种线粒体DNA单倍型.发现大熊猫的遗传分化程度很低,地理群体间无显著的遗传隔离.大熊猫现生群体可能源于晚更新世,并受瓶颈效应的影响.在此之后,其遗传多样性得到了一定程度的恢复.     

黄瓜花叶病毒坏死型卫星RNA的cDNA克隆和全序列分析

从田间发生坏死病害的番茄病株中分离得到黄瓜花叶病毒TN分离物,经研究证实TN分离物带有1株坏死型卫星RNA(TN-SatRNA).利用已知CMV卫星RNA的两端序列作引物扩增并克隆了TN-SatRNA的cDNA.序列分析显示TN-SatRNA全长为390个核苷酸.比较TN-SatRNA与富有代表性的CMV卫星RNA的结构表明,这几种卫星RNA中具有4个结构同源区(Ⅰ:1～81nt,Ⅱ:216～261nt,Ⅲ:278～338nt;Ⅳ:349～390nt),而在82～215nt的区域几种卫星RNA的结构变化较大.在TN-SatRNA的3’端具有已报道的坏死型卫星RNA特征性序列结构.经3’RACE方法确定TN-SatRNA的3’端自然序列,与PCR扩增引物有1个核苷酸的差别.