An electronic mechanism in the action of drugs, ATP, transmitters and other cardinal adsorbents. II. Effect of ouabain on the relative affinities for Li+, Na+, K+, and Rb+ of surface anionic sites that mediate the entry of Cs+ into frog ovarian eggs

Ouabain enhanced the inhibitory effects of Li+, Na+, and K+ on the rate of Cs+ permeation into frog ovarian eggs while it reduced the inhibiting effect of Rb+. The data agree with earlier demonstrated effects of ouabain on the rank order of selective accumulation of the five alkali-metals in frog muscles and on the relative effectiveness of glycine, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+ in inhibiting the rate of entry of Cs+ into frog sartorius muscle. In all three cases, the ouabain behaved as an electron-donating cardinal adsorbent (EDC) causing a rise of the electron density (c-value) of the beta- and gamma-carboxyl groups in the cell cytoplasm (for selective accumulation) and on the cell surface (for selective ion permeation). Explanations based on the association-induction hypothesis were offered why an EDC like ouabain does not initiate cell activation (like veratridine does) and why Ca++ and tetradotoxin delays or inhibits physiological and artificial cell activation.     

不同季节银木叶精油化学成分的研究

用毛细管气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术、毛细管气相色谱双柱保留指数法和双柱标准品叠加法分析了不同季节银木叶精油化学成分。从分离出来的207—250个色谱峰中,初步鉴定出59个成分,被鉴定成分的总量占精油总组成的94.45—98.92%,其主要成分随采油季节不同而有所不同。     

大鼠应激性胃粘膜损害与eAMPCa~2及能量代谢变化的关系

本文采用放射免疫测定法、原子吸收光谱分析法和生化酶分析法,测定了大鼠在经受束缚加浸水急性应激四小时内,胃组织cAMP Ca~(2+)及在ATP、ADP、AMP和能量代谢的短期动态变化,同时观察了胃粘膜的损害程度。结果发现胃粘膜损害面积密度随着应激时间延长而逐渐增加;胃组织cAMP和Ca~(2+)则进行性降低;两者呈密切负相关;胃组织能量代谢却略有增强。若预先给以CaCl_2,再予应激,则有减轻应激性胃粘膜损害的作用。     

新生儿巨细胞病毒感染的检测

建立了用ELISA检测巨细胞病毒(HCMV)IgA抗体的方法,並用于检测北京地区100对母婴的HCMV抗体,母血、脐带血、母乳中HCMV-IgG抗体的阳性率分别为83％,75％和38％,HCMV-IgA抗体的阳性率分别为19％,15％和58％,对其中的16名婴儿半年后追踪观察,5名出生时母、脐血全为阴性的,有2名抗体阳转。8名出生时母、脐血均阳性的,有1名IgA仍阳性並检查发现肝大肋下二指。另1名IgG持续阳性,其他6名婴儿抗体转阴。3名出生时母血HCMV-IgG阳性者中,1名婴儿IgA和‘gG转阳,此时母亲IgA也阳转。随访的16名婴儿中有3名可能是生后半年内受HCMV感染。     

固定化酶的微环境效应—载体离子基团性质的影响

作者合成了阴离子型和阳离子型葡聚糖,以此为载体,用CNBr活化其剩余羟基,固定化了葡萄糖淀粉酶和葡萄糖异构酶。就离子型载体对固定化酶的蛋白载量、最适pH和热稳定性等的影响做了考察。发现固定化酶的蛋白载量不仅与载体的电性质有关,也与酶分子自身的电性质有关。当载体电性质与酶蛋白电性质相反时,固定化酶的蛋白载量增加,热稳定性提高、载体电性质与酶蛋白电性质相同时,固定化酶的蛋白载量不变或下降,其热稳定性不变。作者还发现当离子型载体孔度和体系缓冲液浓度一定时,酶分子能否进入多孔性载体内部,对其最适pH是否变化影响极大。若酶分子仅被连接在载体的外表层,其最适pH不发生变化,反之亦然。作者还观察到当多糖类载体引入氨基或羧基后,大大增强了其抵抗微生物侵蚀的能力。     

银额果蝇的B染色体研究 2.昆明群体的生活力和B染色体的关系

本文分析了钮额果蝇的生活力和B染色体的关系。结果表明,银额果蝇的B染色体在其生长和发育过程中具双重性调节作用。一方面,B染色体以单一的形式存在于单雌系核型中,即1B或2Bs,可刺激生长、发育,增强生活力。另一方面,在单雌系的细胞中存在多条B染色体,并形成核型多态性,这似乎对生长和发育又有一定的抑制作用而减弱其生活力。     

Chromosomal assignment of 46 brain cDNAs.

Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) have been obtained from several hundred brain cDNAs as an initial effort to characterize expressed brain genes. These ESTs will become tools for human genome mapping and they will also provide candidate causative genes for inherited disorders affecting the central nervous system. We have developed a procedure for the rapid chromosomal assignment of these ESTs: cDNA sequences are first analyzed by a computer program to determine regions likely not to be interrupted by introns in the genomic DNA. A pair of oligonucleotide primers is then designed to amplify this region by the polymerase chain reaction using DNA template from human-rodent somatic cell hybrid chromosomal panels. The chromosomal assignment of the cDNA is determined by studying the segregation of the amplified products in these panels. In this paper we describe the mapping of 46 brain ESTs, as well as observations on the amplification of rodent sequences.