31例非特异性阴道炎病人阴道微生物群的研究

本文对31例非特异性阴道炎病人和31例正常人阴道微生物群进行定性、定量分析.结果表明,阴道炎病人的阴道乳杆菌的平均浓度明显低于正常人,而肠杆菌科、葡萄球菌、棒状杆菌、类杆菌属、支原体却明显增多,阴道炎病人未发现特异性病原体,菌群失调可能是其发病因素。乳杆菌为阴道正常优势菌,对改善阴道的微环境,防止条件致病菌引起的内源性感染具有重要的生理作用。     

双胸蚓纤溶酶的纯化及性质

 用硫酸铵分段盐析、超滤膜分级分离及DEAE-纤维素、Sephadex A-25和Sephadex G-50三种柱层析方法从双胸蚓组织的粗提取液中分离纯化出一种纤溶酶,分子量为29kD,由一条肽链组成。此晦具有强烈的溶解纤维蛋白的作用,对家兎实验性血凝块也具有明显的溶解作用。此酶的最适pH为8.0,在pH7.6～8.4之间活力相差不到2％;酶在PH4.7—11.0范围内稳定;酶作用的最适温度为57℃;此酶热稳定性较好,于25～50℃保温3小时,酶活力基本不变,60℃时,活力保留65％。金属离子Na~(+)、K~(+)、Mg~(2+)等可提高此酶的活力,而Hg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)等金属离子对此酶有不同程度的抑制作用。     

小肠平滑肌胰岛素受体的特征及其蛋白激酶活性

 本实验对狗小肠平滑肌中胰岛素受体的结构和特征进行了分析研究。通过麦胚凝集素琼脂糖和两次Sepharose-CL-6B凝胶层析从平滑肌中纯化胰岛素受体,达到电泳纯。SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳证明胰岛素受体是由两个亚基组成的,分子量分别为135kD和90kD。磷酸化实验证明平滑肌胰岛素受体具有胰岛素依赖性蛋白激酶活性,能催化自身的β亚基磷酸化和底物的磷酸化。Scatchard分析表明胰岛素和受体的结合呈(?)协同效应,最大结合率为13μg胰岛素/mg蛋白质。     

肥皂草素类核糖核蛋白体失活蛋白的纯化及其性质研究

 利用强阳离子交换柱从Saponaria officinalis L种子中分离出一种肥皂草素(Saporin)成分。它在无细胞体系中显示了较强的抑制蛋白合成的活性,与抗体连接后能特异性杀伤靶细胞。     

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus contains G protein-coupled receptor and cyclin D homologs which are expressed in Kaposi's sarcoma and malignant lymphoma.

A new human herpesvirus was recently identified in all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [KSHV] or human herpesvirus 8), as well as in primary effusion (body cavity-based) lymphomas (PELs). A 12.3-kb-long KSHV clone was obtained from a PEL genomic library. Sequencing of this clone revealed extensive homology and colinearity with the right end of the herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) genome and more limited homology to the left end of the Epstein-Barr virus genome. Four open reading frames (ORFs) were sequenced and characterized; these are homologous to the following viral and/or cellular genes: (i) Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen p140 and HVS p160, (ii) HVS and cellular type D cyclins, (iii) HVS and cellular G protein-coupled receptors, and (iv) HVS. Since there is considerable evidence that cyclin D1 and some G protein-coupled receptors contribute to the development of specific cancers, the presence of KSHV homologs of these genes provides support for a role for KSHV in malignant transformation. All ORFs identified are transcribed in PELs and Kaposi's sarcoma tissues, further suggesting an active role for KSHV in these diseases.     

The impact of migration on the marriage structure in Fontanigorda

Until World War II the economic activity of the inhabitants of the commune of Fontanigorda (Genova — Italy) was based on subsistence farming and temporary migration. Migration to France in search of work absorbed the excess active male population: the isonymy study shows that the migrants were recruited from all the families of the commune. After having left for Marseilles or the mine at St. Maime (in the Alps of Upper Provence), these young migrants returned to their home town to marry. This behaviour maintained a high degree of consanguinity, obscured by a false exogamy, at least until the turn of the century. After this period, lifelong migration completely modified the pattern of marriage structure bacause migration to France became definitive.     

Continuity,Collapse or Metamorphosis? Demographic anthropology and the study of change within human populations.Foreword

this first paper introduces the topic of the volume, outcomes of a symposium organised at the 13th ICAES held in Mexico in August 1993. It briefly reminds of the convergence between anthropology and demography up to date and stresses on the need of real transdisciplinary work in this challenging domain. The aim of the symposium was to make a contribution on the central theme chosen by the congress — the cultural and biological dimensions of global change — while examining the place of demographic anthropology in the study of change. The papers presented at the symposium have been organised in three parts which form the present volume: the composition of population, the choice of spouse and mobility, the reproduction and dynamics of populations. The basic mechanisms of change are considered through examples at the level of local populations. This also leads to question the definitions of human groups and to make a “declaration” stressing on the importance of individual heterogeneity and the arbitrariness and reductive nature of any grouping of individuals, stating therefore the misapprehension of the most recent scientific work inherent to the rationale of programs of “ethnic cleasing”. Translated from the french by prof. Derek F. Roberts     

羊狂蝇化蛹、羽化的生物学研究

本文揭示羊狂蝇羽化与环境因素的相关性,幼虫在土壤栖息定位,蛹态,蛹与幼虫大小的相关性,成蝇活动行为和寿命,雌雄蝇比率等生物学特性,为羊狂蝇应用研究提供具有指导意义的基础资料。     

可育的抗除草剂溴苯腈转基因小麦

报道了采用微粒轰击（Ｍｉｃｒｏｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｉｌｅ ｂｏｍ ｂａｒｄｍ ｅｎｔ） 幼胚将除草剂抗性基因导入小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ Ｌ．）的转化研究。实验共使用了１３ 个小麦品种, 从开花后１４～１８ ｄ 的籽粒中剥取幼胚, 植物表达质粒含有ＣａＭＶ ３５Ｓ启动子控制的除草剂溴苯腈抗性基因ｂｘｎ 以及筛选标记基因ＮＴＰⅡ。采用高压放电基因枪,用质粒ＤＮＡ 包被的钨粒轰击预培养３ ｄ 的幼胚。在含有卡那霉素类似物ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｉｎ Ｇ４１８ｓｕｌｐｈａｔｅ 的ＭＳ培养基上, 经过多步骤筛选和分化, 从８００ 多个幼胚中获得了１６ 株转化苗。除草剂抗性鉴定和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交分析证明, 其中４ 株为转基因植物,具有溴苯腈抗性, 并且自交可育。转化工作从分离幼胚到转化苗鉴定完毕, 最短时间为６ 个月, 因此, 该方法是一项快速有效的基因导入技术     

菠菜BADH单抗细胞株及其应用初探

用菠菜甜菜碱醛脱氢酶 ( BADH)免疫巴比西 ( BALB/c)小鼠 ,将其脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞 SP2 /O-Ag1 4融合 ,在 1 92孔中 ,有约 1 4 %孔生长的杂交瘤细胞 ,用间接酶联免疫方法 ( ELISA)检测表现为阳性。选择其中 2 G3和 2 D10 细胞系 ,用有限稀释法进行克隆化培养 ,约 2 0 %克隆化细胞为强阳性。选择其中 2 G3- H3细胞株注射到 BALB/c小鼠腹腔中诱导腹水 ,腹水的单抗效价为 1∶ 1 0 3。应用 BADH单抗检查了大麦、水稻、高粱、小麦幼苗的叶片和根的粗提物 ,均呈阳性反应 ,表明 BADH除在光合组织中存在外 ,在非光合组织中也可能存在。讨论了非光合组织 BADH的意义