理解运动行为抑制调控的新视角：乙酰胆碱门控氯离子通道受体

Acetylcholine, the first identified neurotransmitter, plays crucial roles in various brain functions. One well-known case is its involvement as an activating neurotransmitter in the regulation of locomotion. However, its inhibitory regulatory role, particularly in locomotion, remains poorly understood. In a study conducted by Polat et al., the authors investigated the inhibitory role of acetylcholine in locomotion in C. elegans. In this organism, the acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptor consists of four subunits. The authors thoroughly examined the loss-of-function of each subunit in movement regulation. Interestingly, the mutant worms were still capable of performing various movements such as forward, backward crawling, and turning, suggesting that the overall movement was not significantly affected. However, quantitative behavior analysis revealed subtle yet significant differences in the timing and postures of the movement in these mutants. Furthermore, the authors employed optogenetics to stimulate a specific neuron involved in backward crawling and demonstrated that the loss-of-function of the receptors in individual neurons affects the transitioning between locomotion modes. This work provides evidence for the inhibitory regulatory role of acetylcholine in locomotion. The loss-of-function of acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptors likely disrupts the balance of neuronal and circuit physiology, thereby affecting the regulation of locomotion. Moreover, this study highlights the powerful role of quantitative behavior analysis in discovering and understanding more sophisticated functions of neural circuits.     

加巴喷丁联合射频脉冲、神经阻滞治疗带状疱疹后神经痛的效果

摘要 目的：探讨加巴喷丁联合脉冲射频、神经阻滞治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛的效果。方法：本研究选取106例确诊为带状疱疹后遗神经痛的患者,采用随机数表法将其分为对照组A（36例）、试验组B（35例）和试验组C（35例）。A组患者采用口服加巴喷丁进行治疗,B组患者采用加巴喷丁联合神经阻滞治疗,C组患者采用加巴喷丁联合脉冲射频治疗,观察比较三组患者的治疗效果,分别对视觉模拟评分（VAS）、夜间睡眠评分（SRSS）、疼痛程度（NRS）、不良反应及综合疗效进行统计评估。结果：治疗3天、7天、14天和1月后,与对照组A比较,B、C组患者的VAS、SRSS和NRS评分较治疗前均有显著降低（P<0.05）;试验组B、C不良反应发生率分别为8.57%（3/35）和5.71%（2/35）,对照组A不良反应发生率为22.22%（8/36）,试验组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：相较于使用加巴喷丁和加巴喷丁联合神经阻滞这两种治疗方案,加巴喷丁联合射频脉冲及神经阻滞治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛能够在短期内有效缓解患者疼痛并改善睡眠状况。     

吸入性速发型青霉素过敏反应1例

吸入性速发型青霉素过敏反应１例段丽君张立新富伟沈阳军区总医院北陵医院内科（１１００３１）患者：女性,５３岁,因冠心病入院,既往有青霉素高度过敏史,有因他人的青霉素液溅入角膜致过敏性休克史,入院时患者血压２０／１２ＫＰａ,入院当日下午１３：３０分,患者...     

银木种内化学类型研究

毛细管气相色谱／质谱／计算机联用仪器分析结果表明,在四川省成都市一人工种植的银木（Ｃｉｎｎａｍｏｍｕｍｓｅｐｔｅｎｔｒｉｏｎａｌｅ）种群中,其枝叶精油主要化学组成在各植株间存在很大差异,发现精油存在１,８－桉叶油素,樟脑,异丁香酚甲醇和９－氧代橙花叔醇等四个化学类型．除异丁香酚甲醚类型外,其余类型均为第一次报道．综观樟属其它种的化学类型研究可见,化学类型在樟属植物中普遍存在种内多型性和种间共性．     

人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子在大肠 杆菌中的克隆与表达

利用基因重组技术构建人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(bGM—CSF)的高效表达菌株E．Coli HB101／pZw．GM47,经酶切电泳、DNA测序、SDS—PAGE、Western印迹及生物活性测定等分析鉴定,证明能特异性表达有生物活性的14kDaGM—CSF,表达水平达40％以上,比活性高达5×10⁷u／mg．具有良好的开发应用前景。     

云南含笑鲜花头香的化学成分初步研究

云南含笑鲜花的香气,用一般提取方法所得的精油或浸膏的香气与其鲜花自然散发的香气差异较大;我们利用一种新的方法——树脂吸附法,把云南含笑花从初开至凋谢整个过程所释放的香气吸附于一种憎水性树脂表面,然后通过洗脱、浓缩所得到的精油。其香气与鲜花花香气较为相似。通过GC.GC/MS/DS分析。共鉴定出29个已知化合物。     

一个链霉菌新种及其灭蚊效果

对具有灭蚊效果的链霉菌N0．7180进行了形态、培养特征和生理生化特性的研究,认为与已知的近似种都不相同,是一个新种,定名为灭蚊链霉菌(Streptomyces culicidicus Yan et al. n.sp.),它的培养物对中华按蚊、致乏库蚊、二带喙库蚊、三带喙库蚊、褐尾库蚊、骚扰阿蚊等幼虫有显著的毒杀效果。     

阳春砂仁叶油和广宁绿壳砂仁叶油化学成分的初步研究

本文报导应用气相色谱/质谱/计算机联用方法,分析了阳春砂仁叶油和广宁绿壳砂仁叶油的化学成分,分别鉴定出19和17个化学成分。两者相同的化学成分有:α-蒎烯、樟脑烯、β-蒎烯,γ-松油烯、3-已烯醇-[1]、异蒎樟脑酮、松油醇-[4)、α-松油醇以及对-α-聚伞花醇和麝香草酚等。这些化学成分占全油的70％以上。