Photosynthesis and respiration in Alocasia macrorrhiza following transfers to high and low light

Summary Photosynthetic capacities and respiration rates of Alocasia macrorrhiza leaves were measured for 4 weeks following reciprocal transfers between high (20% of full sun) and low (1% of full sun) light environments. Photosynthetic capacities and respiration rates of mature, high-light leaves were 1.7 and 4.5 times those of low-light leaves, respectively. Following transfer, respiration rates adjusted within 1 week to those characteristic of plants grown in the new environment. By contrast, photosynthetic capacities either did not adjust or changed only slowly following transfer. Most of the difference in respiration between high- and low-light leaves was related to the carbohydrate status as determined by the daily PFD and little was directly related to the maintenance costs of the photosynthetic apparatus. Leaf construction cost was directly proportional to maximum photosynthetic capacity. Consequently, although daily carbon gain per unit leaf area was the same for low-light and high to low-light transferred plants within a week after transfer, the carbon return per unit of carbon investment in the leaves remained lower in the high to low transfer plants throughout the 4 week measurement period. Conversely, in high-light, the low leaf construction cost of the low to high-light transferred plants resulted in carbon gain per unit investment just as high as that of the high-light plants.     

高危结直肠腺瘤的危险因素及风险预测模型的构建与验证

摘要 目的：探讨高危结直肠腺瘤的影响因素,构建风险预测模型并验证。方法：回顾性分析2021年1月至2021年12月期间在江苏大学附属人民医院进行诊疗的1408例结直肠腺瘤患者的资料,根据病理特征分为高危结直肠腺瘤组（759例）和非高危结直肠腺瘤组（649例）。采用Logistic回归分析筛选高危结直肠腺瘤的独立危险因素并建立风险预测模型,并验证预测模型的应用效能。结果：Logistic回归分析结果显示,病灶部位为直肠、高血压、高脂血症、年龄≥53岁、吸烟是高危结直肠腺瘤的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。基于以上因素建立预测高危结直肠腺瘤风险的列线图模型,经Hosmer-Lemeshow检验和受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析显示,该风险预测模型具有较好的拟合度和预测效能,可以用于高危腺瘤的风险预测。结论：病灶部位为直肠、高血压、高脂血症、年龄≥53岁、吸烟是高危结直肠腺瘤的独立危险因素,临床医生可尽早对高危患者进行预防性干预以减缓高危腺瘤的发生。     

Energy requirement for foliage construction depends on tree size inyoung Picea abies trees

 The relationship between stand biomass production, and tree age and size is generally a curve with a maximum. To understand why wood production decreases in the final stages of stand development, the influence of increasing tree size on foliage chemical composition and substrate requirement for foliage construction in terms of glucose [CC, g glucose (g dry mass)^{–  1}] was investigated in the evergreen conifer Picea abies (L.) Karst. Because it was already known that irradiance affects both foliage morphology and chemistry in this species, and it was expected that the foliage in large overstory trees would intercept on average more light than that in saplings in understory, irradiance was measured in the sampling locations and included in the statistical models. CC of needles increased with increasing total tree height (TH) and was independent of relative irradiance. A major reason for increasing CC with increasing TH was a greater proportion of carbon-rich lignin in the needles in large trees. However, lignin did not fully account for the observed changes in CC, and it was necessary to assume that certain other carbon-rich secondary metabolites such as terpenes also accumulate in the foliage of large trees. Enhanced requirements for needle mechanical strength as evidenced by greater lignin concentrations in large trees were attributed to increased water limitations with increasing tree height. Because water relations may also control the sink capacities for assimilate usage, apart from the mechanical requirements, they may provide an explanation for the accumulation of other energetically expensive compounds in the needles as well. Biomass partitioning within the shoot was another foliar parameter modified in response to increasing tree size. The proportion of shoot axes, which serve to provide needles with mechanical support and to supply them with water, decreased with increasing TH. This may limit water availability in the needles, and/or manifest a lower water requirement of the needles containing proportionally more supporting and storage substances, and consequently, less physiologically active compounds such as proteins. Probably the same factors which caused CC of the needles to depend on TH, were also responsible for greater CC of the shoot axes in larger trees. These results collectively suggest that increasingly more adverse water relations with increasing tree size may provide a mechanistic explanation for the decline in foliar biomass and its functional activity during stand ageing. Received: 9 April 1996 / Accepted: 14 January 1997     

苏云金芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌穿梭质粒的构建和特性研究

将苏云金芽孢杆菌中的pHTA1030质粒与大肠杆菌中的pJH101质粒重组后,构建出pBHGA重组质粒。此质粒通过逐步酶切,缺失后重组得到了14个分子量大小不同的衍生重组质粒。经过对pBHG1重组穿梭质粒在E.coli HB101和B.subttlis 168受体中表达的分析,证明了它带有B.thuringiensis(简写作B.t.)质粒的启动区、启始复制区和对热分离稳定区基因片段,并能高频转化B.t.受体细胞和高表达外源cat基因,同时具有对热分离稳定的特性。为B.t.基因工程体系提供了高效转化表达载体。     

The use of three-dimensional model construction of virtual technology in orthopedic treatment

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore the construction of a digital three-dimensional model of virtual technology that plays an auxiliary role in orthopedic treatment.MethodsThree fracture patients were selected, with no abnormality was observed in bone examination, no musculoskeletal disease in the past; and spiral CT scan of the spine and pelvis, upper limbs, and lower limbs was performed. The virtual technology was used to build a digital 3D model, mainly using the editing software Mimics10.0 software. In addition, the virtual three-dimensional model was verified by virtual surgery, data storage security, work efficiency of the model, model validity, three-dimensional characteristics of the model, the interaction mode of the model, and the data accuracy of the model were studied.ResultsThe digital 3D model was successfully established by Mimics10.0 software. The data fitting efficiency was very high. The data storage security of the 3D model was greatly improved compared with the 2D model, and the work efficiency was improved by at least 50%. There was also a significant change in the accuracy and interaction of data acquisition. Therefore, the detection of digital 3D model work through virtual surgery simulation fully demonstrated the positive auxiliary role of 3D model in orthopedic treatment.ConclusionThe digital 3D model based on Mimics10.0 software is efficient and accurate in obtaining data. It is very effective for subsequent adjuvant therapy in the field of orthopedics, reducing the probability of misdiagnosis by doctors, saving time and improving efficiency, reducing patient's physical pain and unnecessary economic expenses.     

绿色荧光蛋白标记的葡萄糖转运蛋白4稳定表达细胞系的建立

目的:建立稳定表达EGFP标记的葡萄糖转运蛋白4的CHO细胞系,为研究GLUT4在CHO细胞中的转运调节机制奠定基础。方法:采用分子克隆方法构建GLUT4-EGFP的融合蛋白,在FLP-in的CHO细胞系中表达,潮霉素筛选后得到稳定的细胞系。结果:通过共聚焦显微镜的检测,证明了此稳定细胞系的阳性率达到了99%。定位研究表明大部分GLUT4以囊泡形式分布在CHO细胞胞浆内,但是质膜上也有少量的GLUT4。结论:建立了一个稳定表达GLUT4-EGFP的CHO细胞系,为进一步研究GLUT4的转运提供了一个很好的细胞模型。     

Cloning and characterization of a ribosomal protein L23a from Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis eggs by immuno screening of a cDNA expression library

A primary cDNA library with a size of 1.34 × 10⁶ PFU was constructed from Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis eggs and was immunoscreened with rabbit anti-H. qinghaiensis serum. One clone (Hq22, named following those clones obtained from adult Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis cDNA library which we constructed before) screened from the cDNA library was selected randomly for sequencing. The entire sequence of the clone was subsequently obtained using rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE). A search of the cloned sequence against GenBank revealed that it related to ribosomal protein L23a (Rpl23a) and had a high percentage similarity to this protein from different species. Conserved domains for Rpl23a were also identified in the cloned sequence. Expression analysis by RT-PCR showed that this gene is expressed in salivary glands, midguts, other tissues and different developmental stages of H. qinghaiensis. Based on the H. qinghaiensis Rpl23a sequence, open reading frames (ORF) of Rpl23a of Heamaphysalis longicornis and Boophilus microplus were also cloned and were performed for comparison with Rpl23a of H. qinghaiensis and other organisms as well. Vaccine based on Rpl23a recombinant protein cannot protect sheep against H. qinghaiensis.     

表达vgb的糖多孢红霉菌载体构建与活性鉴定

目的为了在糖多孢红霉菌(Sac.erythraea)中表达透明颤菌(Vitreoscilla)血红蛋白基因(vgb),发挥其在贫氧环境下与氧结合形成氧合态,而改变限氧时细胞原有的代谢方式,将vgb克隆于糖多孢红霉菌表达载体中。方法利用PCR技术克隆vgb,利用基因重组技术构建含有vgb的重组糖多孢红霉菌表达质粒,电穿孔法将vgb转化置糖多孢红霉菌中,鉴定采用SDS-PAGE电泳。vgb在重组糖多孢红霉菌表达产物的生物活性检测用Western blotting分析表示。结果克隆了含有vgb的重组糖多孢红霉菌表达质粒(pBlueV),分子量6.033 kb,筛选了重组糖多孢红霉菌株,重组菌株表达的血红蛋白能与1∶300的VHb抗体呈显色反应。结论vgb在糖多孢红霉菌中获得了表达,这对继续研究生产红霉素的工程菌改造,解决工业发酵工程菌高密度培养具有良好的应用前景。     

GST-HRB融合蛋白的表达与纯化

构建GST-HRB重组质粒,进行融合蛋白的表达、纯化及鉴定.利用PCR扩增及基因重组技术,以pcDNA-3.1-HRB为模板扩增出HRB全基因序列,并将其插入带有GST(谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶)标签的原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1中,构建GST-HRB融合蛋白表达质粒.然后,将重组质粒GST-HRB转化至大肠杆菌Rosseta进行融合蛋白的表达.利用GST琼脂糖珠进行融合蛋白的纯化,最后应用SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blotting鉴定纯化的融合蛋白.结果表明,成功构建pGEX-6P-1-HRB原核表达载体,表达及纯化了GST-HRB融合蛋白.     

小鼠Daintain/AIF-1基因启动子的克隆及其荧光素酶报告基因载体的构建

目的：对Daintain/AIF-1（大炎肽/同种异体移植炎症因子-1）基因启动子进行克隆并构建荧光素酶报告基因载体,为进一步研究Daintain/AIF-1的转录调控作用提供了质粒资源。方法：提取单核巨噬细胞系RAW264.7基因组DNA,以其为模板采用PCR方法克隆出Daintain/AIF-1基因5＇端UTR区1.6 kb DNA序列,将该序列同源重组到pGL3-Basic载体上,转化感受态DH5α并酶切鉴定和测序。结果：PCR产物片段与预期结果一致,Daintain/AIF-1基因5＇端UTR区1.6 kb DNA序列连接到pGL3-Basic载体上,构建成pGL3-Basic-Daintain/AIF-1（pGL3-Basic-DT）载体,酶切结果与理论预测值一致,经测序证实无碱基突变。结论：Daintain/AIF-1基因报告基因载体的构建为进一步研究Daintain/AIF-1转录调控作用提供了载体资源。