氟西汀联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的：观察氟西汀联合同步放化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌（none small cells lung carcinoma,NSCLC）的临床疗效及其安全性。方法：选择2010年10月～2011年4月我院收治的III期不能手术的NSCLC患者47例,根据患者的入院顺序,随机分为两组,同步放化疗组（对照组）22例,接受三维适形或调强放疗：肿瘤处方剂量60~66Gy,常规分割：1．8～2．0Gy／次;放疗期间同步两周期“紫杉醇＋顺铂”方案化疗,放疗后再原方案巩固化疗2--3个周期;氟西汀联合治疗组（实验组）25例,从同步放化疗开始起同时服用氟西汀（20-40mg／day）,持续服药半年。随访至1年,观察和评价两组的疗效以及不良反应的发生情况。结果：对照组与实验组的客观有效率分别为77-3％（17／22）和80％（20／25）（P〉0．05）;1年生存率分别为68．2％（15／22）和80％（20／25）（P〉0．05）;1年局控率分别为45．5％（10／22）和76％（19／25）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。治疗后,实验组患者CD＋／CD8＋比率由1．34±0．23升至1．58±0．22（P〈0．05）,而汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）总分由13．4±4．8降至9．6±3（P〈0．05）;全组患者主要不良反应为骨髓抑制、消化道反应、放射性食管炎和放射性肺炎,来发生4级不良反应,两组3级不良反应发生率无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：对于不能手术的局部晚期NSCLC患者,在同步放化疗的基础上联合氟西汀治疗可以提高肿瘤的1年局控率,促进抗肿瘤免疫,并缓解患者的抑郁情绪,且不加重不良反应。     

比较分析精确放疗与替加氟和奈达铂同步放化疗在食管癌中的应用价值

为了探讨精确放疗与替加氟和奈达铂同步放化疗在食管癌中的临床效果及应用价值,本研究收集我院食管鳞癌局部晚期的60例患者进行研究,精确放疗组予三维适形调强放射治疗,同步放化疗组在精确放疗基础上予替加氟和奈达铂联合化疗,并对两组的近期疗效、生存率和不良反应方面进行观察对比。研究发现,同步放化疗组总的有效率是83.3%,精确放疗组总的有效率为60.0%,同步放化疗组的近期疗效优于精确放疗组(p0.05)。同步放疗组1、2年的生存率分别为88.7%、67.3%,精确放疗组分别为66.3%、40.6%,均低于同步放疗组(p0.05),而且在生存期方面,同步放疗组要比精确放疗组时间长(p0.05)。同步放化疗组患者的白细胞下降、消化道反应较精确化疗组表现较差(p0.05),放射性食管炎和血小板下降两方面无统计学差异(p0.05)。由此可以看出,替加氟和奈达铂同步放化疗治疗食管癌,可以增强患者的近期疗效,延长生存期,安全性和耐受性均可。     

氟西汀对卒中后抑郁的预防效果及神经功能康复的促进作用观察

为了探讨氟西汀对卒中后抑郁的预防效果及神经功能康复的促进作用,本研究选取2015年9月至2017年12月期间本院收治的脑卒中患者200例,根据不同的治疗方式将患者分为氟西汀组(n=100)和对照组(n=100),两组患者均给予神经内科常规和康复治疗,氟西汀组在此基础上口服氟西汀(20 mg/d)。通过比较两组患者的疗效、抑郁程度、神经功能缺损程度、日常活动能力及不良反应,本研究发现治疗8周后,氟西汀组的有效率(86.00%)显著高于对照组(74.00%)(p=0.034);通过采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评价患者的抑郁程度,治疗8周后氟西汀组患者的HAMD评分(7.25±2.53)显著低于对照组(16.32±3.30)(p=0.032);通过采用中国脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度评分量表(CSS)评价患者的神经功能缺损程度,治疗8周后氟西汀组的CSS评分(8.30±3.37)显著低于对照组(15.16±4.14)(p=0.010);通过采用简式Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分量表(FMA)来评价脑卒中患者的日常活动能力,治疗8周后氟西汀组的FMA评分(71.22±16.34)显著高于对照组(61.26±14.33)(p=0.035)。本研究表明采用氟西汀治疗脑卒中患者可有效预防卒中后抑郁症状的发生,显著改善患者的神经功能和日常活动能力,具有较好的疗效和较低的不良反应。     

同步放化疗治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效分析

目的:回顾性分析同步放化疗治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的临床效果及不良反应情况.方法:收集2004年6月至2009年5月入我院治疗的Ⅱb-Ⅲb期宫颈癌患者,随机分成同步放化疗组(A组,n=56)及单纯放疗组(B组,n=54),分析A、B组的治疗疗效和不良反应.结果:A组治疗有效率(85.71%)较B组(61.11%)高(P<0.05);A组与B组间不良反应(如骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应)发生率无明显差别(P0.05).结论:同步放化疗治疗局部晚期子宫颈癌可有效地控制肿瘤发展,提高患者5年生存率.     

参附注射液加同步放化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的:观察参附注射(SFI)联合同步放化疗对局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的治疗效果.方法:46例局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者,随机分为两组,综合组23例:采用盖诺+顺铂方案同步放化疗,放疗予以三维适形放射治疗,常规分割,靶区剂量90%归一,1.9Gy/f,总量6080～6840eGy,同时加用参附注射液60ml/d静脉滴入,14天为1个疗程,共2个疗程.对照组23例:采用盖诺+顺铂方案同步放化疗.放疗后评价疗效.结果:两组完全缓解率分别为21.8%(5/23)和13.0%(3/23)(P＞0.05);有效率分别为78.3%(18/23)和65.2%(16/23)(P＞0.05);综合组3级以上白细胞下降发生率为17.4%(4,23),而对照组为47.8%(11,23)(P=0.035);综合组3级以上消化道不良反应发生率为8.7%(2/23),对照组为30.4%(7,23)(P＜0.05);综合组无3级以上放射性肺炎发生(0/23),而对照组为4.4%(1/23)(P＞0.05);综合组3级以上放射性食管炎发生率17.4%(4/23),对照组为43.5%(10/23)(P-0.049).结论:参附注射液联合同步放化疗可以减轻放化疗引起的胃肠道反应,减少3级以上骨髓抑制和3级以上放射性食管炎的发生,并有可能进一步提高局部晚期非小细胞肺癌同步放化疗的疗效.     

不同电针方法对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠下丘脑TRH表达的影响

目的:研究分析两种不同电针方法对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠(CUMS)下丘脑中促甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH)表达的影响。方法:选取60只健康雄性SPF级SD大鼠编号后采用随机数字表法分为对照组(正常喂养)、模型组(仅建立CUMS模型,不予治疗)、观察组A(建立CUMS模型后,脉冲电针治疗)、观察组B(建立CUMS模型后,音乐电针治疗)、氟西汀组(建立CUMS模型后,氟西汀治疗)各12只,对除对照组之外的其他各组大鼠进行1只/笼的孤养结合方式建造CUMS模型,利用开野实验观察各组大鼠行为学改变,采用实时荧光定量(PCR)法测定各组大鼠下丘脑组织中TRH m RNA的表达,采用免疫组化法测定TRH蛋白的表达。结果:在刺激21 d后,模型组大鼠的水平运动次数、垂直运动次数显著的低于对照组、实验组A、实验组B、氟西汀组,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),实验组A、实验组B、氟西汀组大鼠的水平运动次数、垂直运动次数显著低于对照组,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),实验组A、实验组B、氟西汀组大鼠的水平运动次数、垂直运动次数差异无统计学意义(P0.05);模型组大鼠的下丘脑TRH m RNA、TRH蛋白水平低于对照组、实验组A、实验组B、氟西汀组,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),实验组A、实验组B、氟西汀组大鼠的大鼠的下丘脑TRH m RNA、TRH蛋白水平显著低于对照组,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组A、实验组B、氟西汀组大鼠的大鼠的下丘脑TRH m RNA、TRH蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:CUMS大鼠下丘脑中促甲状腺激素释放激素表达水平降低,脉冲电针与音乐电针能有效逆转这一现象,效果相当。     

不同放化疗模式治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的:探讨同步和序贯放疗联合不同化疗方案对治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效、远期生存及毒性反应的影响。方法:将45例III-IV期非小细胞肺癌患者随机归入两组,同步放化疗组22例;序贯放化疗组23例。全组病例依据病情分别选择艾素和顺铂、吉西他滨和顺铂、长春瑞滨和顺铂或培美曲塞和顺铂方案化疗。比较两组近期疗效、远期生存率及毒性反应。结果:同步组近期有效率为81.8%高于序贯组73.9%,但无统计学差异(P0.05);两组均有随放疗剂量增加有效率升高趋势。NP和TP方案两组近期疗效相近(P0.05)。同步组和序贯组1年生存率分别为90.9%和86.9%(P0.05);2年生存率分别为72.7%和52.2%(P0.05)。毒性反应主要为骨髓抑制、放射性食管炎和肺炎。同步组毒副反应发生率高于序贯组,但无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:同步放化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效及远期生存率有优于序贯放化疗的趋势,但毒副反应发生相对增多。联合治疗模式下,分期越早,患者远期生存时间越长。近期疗效有随放疗剂量增高而提高趋势,但放疗剂量、病理类型、化疗方案等对患者远期生存无明显统计学差异。     

氟西汀联合六味地黄丸对更年期综合征患者血清孕激素、叶酸及5-羟色 胺水平的影响

目的:探讨氟西汀联合六味地黄丸对更年期综合征患者抑郁症状及血清孕激素、叶酸及5-羟色胺水平的影响。方法:收集在我院就诊或住院治疗的80例更年期综合征患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组40例。对照组患者给予盐酸氟西汀治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上给予六味地黄丸治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清孕激素、叶酸及5-羟色胺水平的变化以及汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后的孕激素、叶酸以及5-羟色胺水平均显著升高(P0.05),HAMD评分水平明显下降(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者的孕激素、叶酸以及5-羟色胺水平较高(P0.05),HAMD评分水平较低(P0.05)。结论:氟西汀联合六味地黄丸能够显著升高更年期综合征患者血清孕激素、叶酸及5-羟色胺水平,改善更年期综合征症状。     

全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗早期非小细胞肺癌患者的预后分析

目的:探讨全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗早期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的疗效及预后状况。方法:选择2010年6月至2013年6月我院收治的早期NSCLC患者80例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组(n=40)和实验组(n=40)。对照组患者行常规开胸肺叶切除术,实验组患者行全胸腔镜肺叶切除术,所有患者于术后视具体情况给予化疗或放疗。记录两组患者术中及术后临床相关指标,术后并发症发生率,术后随访3年,比较两组患者3年生存率,并分析全胸腔镜肺叶切除术后患者预后影响因素。结果:实验组患者手术时间、术中出血量、胸腔引流时间及住院时间均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。实验组患者术后并发症发生率、术后3年生存率分别为12.50%、57.50%,与对照组的17.50%、50.00%相比,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。Cox多因素分析结果显示,肿瘤直径和术后是否放化疗是影响全胸腔镜肺叶切除术后患者预后的危险因素(P0.05)。结论:全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗早期NSCLC患者具有微创、安全及远期生存率较高的特点,术后辅以放化疗能够延长患者的生存率。     

乌苯美司联合放化疗对晚期肺癌免疫功能的影响

目的:评价乌苯美司联合放化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者免疫功能的影响。方法:选择2014年1月至2016年1月来我院进行初治的NSCLC患者78例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组各39例。对照组进行常规放化疗,实验组在常规放化疗的基础上加服乌苯美司进行治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后免疫功能的情况。结果:实验组治疗后血清可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(sIL-2R)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平与治疗前相比有所下降,且实验组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。实验组治疗后外周血中T细胞亚群(CD3~+、CD4~+)和NK细胞所占比例及CD4~+/CD8~+的比值与治疗前相比有所升高,且实验组高于对照组(P0.05);CD8~+所占比例有所下降,且实验组低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过检测外周血中T细胞亚群、NK细胞含量和血清sIL-2R、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平,可以反映患者的免疫状态。乌苯美司联合放化疗能够有效提高晚期NSCLC患者的免疫功能,可作为化疗的辅助性用药。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.     

Observations on the permeability of the choriocapillaris of the eye

Summary The choriocapillaris is a fenestrated capillary bed located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. It serves as the main source of supply to the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and other cells of the outer retina. The permeability of these capillaries to intravenously injected ferritin (MW — approx. 480,000; mol. diam. 11 nm) was examined in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig, each of which is characterized by a different type of retinal vascularization. In all three species, the bulk of the ferritin remained in the capillary lumina, where it appeared to be blocked at the level of the diaphragmed fenestrae. Some ferritin was present in endothelial cell vacuoles. The results confirm previous work on the rat choriocapillaris and indicate that the barrier function of the choriocapillary endothelium is present even among species in which the retinal circulation differs significantly.Supported by NIH grant EY03418