右旋糖苷蔗糖酶基因的克隆及其序列分析*

以筛选的肠膜明串珠菌的基因组为模板,通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)分别扩增得到右旋糖苷蔗糖酶的基因片段dsr1和dsr2,将基因片段克隆到pUC19载体上并对基因片段组装得到完整基因序列dsrx,通过限制性酶切分析和核苷酸序列分析鉴定,dsrx的序列全长为4,566bp,编码1,522个氨基酸,与GenBank中已注册的U81374核苷酸序列同源性达99%,推导的氨基酸序列与其序列同源性达98.49%。     

从猕猴肝脏组织扩增黄嘌呤脱氢酶／氧化酶基因片段

RT-PCR扩增猕猴黄嘌呤脱氢酶／氧化酶（XDH／XO）基因片段,为进一步开展相关研究提供实验资料。方法提取猕猴新鲜肝脏组织总RNA,用RT-PCR二步法进行XDH／XO基因片段扩增,对获得的目的片段进行序列测定,与GenBank上发表的人类（Homosapiens）、小鼠（Musmusculus）、家鼠（Rattusnorvegicus）、野猪（Susscrofa）等物种XDH／XO基因进行该序列同源性比对分析,DNAMAN软件预测该段核苷酸的氨基酸序列,Inter-ProScan及SWISS-MODEL工具进行XDH／XO的编码蛋白结构域及功能预测及三维结构构建。结果RT-PCR产物电泳检测得到了与设计大小相一致的目的条带,序列测定共测到683个核苷酸,DNAMAN软件预测该段核苷酸的氨基酸序列包括了1个编码53个氨基酸的开放阅读框（ORF）,通过该软件包中Multiplealignment对目的基因片段的核苷酸序列与NCBI报道的人类、小鼠、家鼠、野猪XDH／XO基因mRNA互补的cDNA核苷酸序列同源性进行同源性比较分析,结果显示所扩增得到的目的片段与人类同源性最高,为95．6％,与小鼠、家鼠、野猪的同源性分别为85．2％、84．3％、86．1％,说明获得的基因片段是猕猴的XDH／XO基因片段,且该基因在物种间具有较高的相似性。生物信息学预测该段XDH／XO编码蛋白含有醛氧化／脱氢酶的钼喋呤结合点结构域及黄嘌呤脱氢酶结构域。结论在体外成功扩增出猕猴XDH／XO基因片段,为进一步开展高尿酸血症致病机理研究,抗高尿酸血症新药研发奠定工作基础。     

草莓MDHAR及AO基因的克隆及序列分析

从新鲜幼嫩‘丰香’草莓(Fragaria×ananassa cv.Toyonaka)果实中提取分离总RNA,反转录成cDNA,根据已报道的其他植物单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)及抗坏血酸氧化酶(AO)基因的保守区分别设计 一对引物,通过PCR扩增均得到目的条带.序列分析发现:mdhar基因片段长372bp,与刺梨同源性最高达96％,该片段编码123个氨基酸,推导的氨基酸序列与苹果属植物同源性为91％,与其他植物该基因编码的氨基酸序列也有较高相似性;a基因片段长842 bp,编码280个氨基酸,该片段与其他多种植物的ao基因均具有较高同源性,与甜瓜和黄瓜ao基因的同源性最高,均为70％,编码的氨基酸序列与其他多种植物均具有70％左右的相似性.     

家蚕核型多角体病毒gp64基因的克隆和全序列测定

：Ｂｍ ＮＰＶ ｇｐ６４ 基因在杆状病毒分子生物学和杆状病毒表达系统研究中具有重要的作用,以ＡｃＭＮＰＶ ｇｐ６４ 基因为探针,杂交显示Ｂｍ ＮＰＶ ｇｐ６４ 基因定位于其基因组Ｂａｍ ＨＩ酶切的４ ．２ｋｂ 和７－４ｋｂ 片段上,克隆阳性片段,重组质粒分别命名为ｐＺＤＢＭ４２ 和ｐＺＤＢＭ７４ 。对重组质粒进一步杂交,将片断更精确定位于０－４５ｋｂ 片段、０－７５ｋｂ 片断上和１－１５ｋｂ 片断上,将三个片断ＤＮＡ 进行序列分析,结果表明：Ｂｍ ＮＰＶ 的ｇｐ６４ 基因的开放阅读框（ＯＲＦ） 有１５３０ 核苷酸,编码５０９ 个氨基酸。序列同源性比较显示,Ｂｍ ＮＰＶ ｇｐ６４ 基因和ＡｃＭＮＰＶｇｐ６４ 基因的核苷酸序列同源性达８４－３ ％ ,氨基酸序列同源性达９４－７ ％ 。Ｂｍ ＮＰＶ ｇｐ６４ 基因Ｃ 端的信号肽序列和Ｎ 端的锚定序列对于Ｂｍ ＮＰＶ 表达系统的改进具有重要的意义。     

菠菜甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因的克隆和序列分析

以耐盐的菠菜mRNA为模板,经反转录合成甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因第一链cDNA。在人工合成的两端引物引导下,通过多聚酶链式反应(PCR),扩增获得双链cDNA。把重组有BADH基因的pUC19转化至E.coli DH5α菌株,亚克隆后测定了基因的全序列。所得到的BADH基因全长序列为1491bp,编码497个氨基酸。与文献报道的相比较,核苷酸序列同源性99.8％,氨基酸序列同源性达99.6％。在此基础上,构建了BADH基因的高等植物表达载体。     

Tx基因与Igk基因的同源性研究及其在不同细胞株的表达

本文对以前报道的Ｔｘ基因２．８ｋｂ片段的核苷酸序列与人免疫球蛋白ｋａｐｐａ链Ｃ区基因的核苷酸序列及其编码产物的氨基酸序列进行了同源性比较。结果表明,Ｔｘ基因与ｋａｐｐａ链Ｃ区基因的同源性高达９９．５％以上,编码区的同源性高达１００％。从而提示Ｔｘ基因与ｋａｐｐａ链Ｃ区基因可能是同一种基因。限制性内切酶图谱及Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交分析,也进一步支持这一观点。本文还报道了ｋａｐｐａ链Ｃ区基因在不同细     

梅花鹿卵泡刺激素α-亚基cDNA的分子克隆与序列分析

从新屠宰的母梅花鹿脑垂体中提取总RNA,反转录获得CDNA,以此CDNA为模板用PCR法扩增目的片段,获得长为380bp的梅花鹿卵泡刺激素α-亚基CDNA片段,它将克隆至PMD-18-T-Verctor。随机挑选3个阳性重组子进行测序,并将测序结果与绵羊、牛、猪等多种哺乳动物该基因的核苷酸序列及相应氨基酸序列进行比较。结果表明,梅花鹿卵泡刺激素α-亚基基因编码的氨基酸序列与绵羊、水牛的该基因同源性最高,达97%,只有4个氨基酸不同;与牛的该基因同源性达96%。与人的该基因氨基酸序列同源性较低,为75%。其编码的核苷酸序列与绵羊、水牛、牛的同源性最高,达96%,只有14-16个碱基不同,与人的基因核苷酸同源性最低,为84%,总的来说,哺乳动物的卵泡刺激素α-亚基具有很高的同源性。     

茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒多角体蛋白基因核苷酸序列及其在Baculoviridae中的地位(英文)

茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒（ＥｏＳＮＰＶ）基因组的ｐｏｌｈ和ｅｇｔ基因区约１４．２ｋｂ的酶切图谱被构建．ｅｇｔ基因位于ｐｏｌｈ基因上游约４．８ｋｂ处,但转录方向与ｐｏｌｈ基因相反．ＥｃｏＲⅤ－Ｌ片段ｐｏｌｈ基因及其旁侧的１１２５核苷酸序列被测定．ｐｏｌｈ基因编码区长７３８核苷酸,可编码２４６氨基酸的多肽．起始密码子ＡＴＧ上游是一个富含ＡＴ（ＡＴ占７１．２％）的启动子区,在－５２核苷酸处有杆状病毒晚期基因启动子转录起始基序ＡＴＡＡＧ．在终止密码子下游２０８核苷酸有一个ｐｏｌｙ（Ａ）信号,ＡＡＴＡＡＡ．但ＥｏＳＮＰＶｐｏｌｈ基因起始密码子ＡＴＧ相邻核苷酸序列为ＧＴＡＡＴＧＴ,其－３是个Ｇ,这与已知的１６种其它杆状病毒ｐｏｌｈ基因－３位置均是Ａ不相同．在分析了ＥｏＳＮＰＶ和ＨａＳＮＰＶ多角体蛋白基因核苷酸序列的基础上,通过ＭＡＬＩＧＮ程序,比较了目前已发表的２６种杆状病毒包涵体蛋白的序列,ＥｏＳＮＰＶ与黄杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒（ＯｐＳＮＰＶ）的同源性为最高,核苷酸序列的同源性为８３．０％,氨基酸序列达９４．７％;与其它２０种鳞翅目ＮＰＶ的同源性也很高,核苷酸序列同源性为７２．６％～８１．９％,氨基酸序列为８３．７％～９３     

山羊卵泡刺激素β-亚基cDNA的分子克隆与序列分析

从新屠宰的母山羊脑垂体中提取总RNA,反转录获得cDNA,以皮cDNA为模板用PCR法扩增目的片段,获得长为390bp的山羊卵泡刺激素β－亚基cNDA片段,与预期的目的片段大小一致。将它克隆至pMD-18-T-Verctor中,随机挑选2个阳性重组子进行测序,并将测序结果与绵羊,牛等多种哺乳动物该基因的核苷酸序列及相应氨基酸序列进行比较。结果表明,山羊的卵泡刺激素β－亚基因与绵羊的该基因氨基酸同源性最高,达99．9％,只有1个氨基酸不同,与牛,猪,马,虎,人,大鼠的该基因氨基酸同源性分别为92.5%,91.7%,89.9%,89.1%,86.0%,83.7%。从核苷酸同源性来看,山羊的卵泡刺激素β－亚基因与绵羊该基因的同源性了高,达98％;与牛,猪,马,虎,人,大鼠的核苷酸同源性为95％,90％,90％,88％,86％,84％。结果表明,尽管β－亚基基因有种的特异性,但在哺乳动物中其同源性还是很高的。     

甘蔗乙烯合成酶基因家族三个成员的克隆与序列分析

ACC（1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid）合成酶是高等植物乙烯生物合成途径中的限速酶.根据已克隆的植物ACS（1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase）基因同源序列,设计简并引物,以甘蔗叶片总DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增,得到3条特异性强的扩增片段：Sc-ACS1为1 041 bp、Sc-ACS2为1 345 bp和Sc-ACS3为1 707 bp.将序列在GenBank核酸数据库进行同源性搜索,结果表明,3个片段均为ACS基因,推导编码的蛋白质序列分别包含326、242和310个氨基酸.其中,Sc-A CS1和Sc-ACS3同源性最高,核苷酸序列和蛋白质氨基酸序列分别有98%和96%同源,与禾本科植物玉米Zm ACS6、水稻OS-ACS2、毛竹等ACS基因家族也有很高的同源性,核苷酸序列同源性为88%-98%,蛋白质氨基酸序列同源性为73%-81%.甘蔗Sc-ACS2与水稻OS-ACS5在核苷酸和氨基酸序列上分别有91%和79%同源性,但与甘蔗Sc-ACS1和Sc-ACS3基因成员之间,氨基酸同源性分别只有45%和49%.系统进化分析表明,Sc-ACS1和Sc-ACS3基因与玉米Zm ACS6基因亲缘关系最近,而Sc-ACS2基因与水稻OS-ACS5基因亲缘关系最近.Southern杂交表明三基因在基因组中确实存在而且是多拷贝基因.三个片段已在GenBank数据库中注册,注册号分别为AY620985、AY620986和AY788919.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.