灰茶尺蛾核型多角体病毒某些生化特性的研究

灰茶尺蛾核型多角体病毒某些生化特性的研究李彦章,石正丽,陈棣华（中国科学院武汉病毒研究所,武汉４３００７１）关键词灰茶尺蛾,核型多角体病毒,结构多肽,限制性内切酶图谱灰茶尺蛾核型多角体病毒（Ｅｃｔｒｏｐｉｓｇｒｉｓｅｓｃｅｎｓｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｌｙｈ...     

我国华东地区两种茶尺蛾的形态和分子鉴定

【目的】我国华东地区两种严重危害茶树的害虫灰茶尺蛾Ectropis grisescens Warren,1894和茶尺蠖Ectropis obliqua(Prout,1915)的形态相似、分类不清,在农业生产中常常混淆,给防治工作的开展带来了相当大的困难。为了准确的鉴别灰茶尺蛾和茶尺蠖,本文对这两种害虫进行了形态学观察和分子特征分析。【方法】对灰茶尺蛾和茶尺蠖成虫、卵、幼虫和蛹的形态特征进行了比较分析;并对灰茶尺蛾和茶尺蠖的39个样本的线粒体COⅠ基因进行了扩增和测序,分析了两物种种内和种间的遗传距离,并基于Kimura-2-parameter模型,利用ML和NJ法构建系统发育树。【结果】灰茶尺蛾和茶尺蠖部分形态学特征具有显著差异;分子数据表明二者种内和种间遗传距离存在明显的"barcoding gap",利用ML和NJ法构建的系统发育树可以将灰茶尺蛾和茶尺蠖成功的区分开。【结论】基于COⅠ基因的分子鉴定结果与形态学鉴定结果相符合,可用于害虫防治和相关研究中。     

中国璃尺蛾属一新记录种

记述中国灰尺蛾亚科璃尺蛾属Krananda Moore1新记录种:尼泊尔璃尺蛾Krananda nepalensis Yazaki,1992。对其外部形态和雌雄外生殖器特征做了简要描述,同时列出其世界分布。研究标本材料均保存在东北林业大学林学院昆虫标本室。     

亚美尺蛾属——灰尺蛾亚科-中国新记录属

记述中国灰尺蛾亚科1新记录属：亚美尺蛾属Metacrocallis Beljaev,1997及1新记录种：亚美尺蛾Metacrocallis vernalis Beljaev,1997。绘制了雄性成虫及外生殖器特征图。研究标本保存于华南农业大学资环学院昆虫学系鳞翅目昆虫标本室。     

亚美尺蛾属——灰尺蛾亚科一中国新记录属

记述中国灰尺蛾亚科1新记录属:亚美尺蛾属Metacrocallis Beljaev,1997及1新记录种:亚美尺蛾Metacrocallis vernalis Beljaev,1997.绘制了雄性成虫及外生殖器特征图.研究标本保存于华南农业大学资环学院昆虫学系鳞翅目昆虫标本室.     

浙江茶区茶尺蠖两近缘种的遗传分化及分布

【目的】为了揭示浙江省茶区灰茶尺蛾Ectropis grisescens和小茶尺蠖Ectropis obliqua两近缘种的分布情况。【方法】利用线粒体细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ(mt COⅠ)基因作为分子标记,对采自浙江省17个地点茶园的茶尺蠖533个样品进行了鉴定,并分析了灰茶尺蛾和小茶尺蠖在浙江的地理分布情况。【结果】在调查的17个地点中,11个地点的茶尺蠖样品全部为灰茶尺蛾,另外3个地点(安吉、余杭和龙坞)采集的样品全部为小茶尺蠖,其余的3个地点(杭州西湖、杭州临安和杭州富阳)为两近缘种的混发区。【结论】在浙江省茶区,灰茶尺蛾的分布范围较广,小茶尺蠖的分布范围较窄,同时存在两近缘种的混发区。     

长白山三种林型对蛾类群落结构和多样性的影响

选择长白山阔叶红松林、白桦林和落叶松林3种林型,对各林型蛾类的群落结构和多样性进行了比较。结果表明:蛾类各科(亚科)在3种林型中的比例分配明显不同。阔叶红松林中尺蛾科数量占优绝对优势,占47.0%,其次是舟蛾科,为9.3%。优势种为台褥尺蛾,占17.2%;从蛾类总种数和蛾类个体总数上看,白桦林中蛾类物种丰富度、多度和多样性指数明显高于阔叶红松林和落叶松林,优势度指数则最低;白桦林的优势种有尘尺蛾、枞灰尺蛾和双星白枝尺蛾;在落叶松林中,灯蛾科、波纹蛾科和枯叶蛾科的多度都比阔叶红松林和白桦林高,其优势种为阿泊波纹蛾。     

云尺蛾和水橑尺蠖为害茶树的初步观察

<正> 云尺蛾Buzura thibetaria Oberthur和木橑尺蠖Culcula panterinaria Bremer et Grey属尺蛾科,枝尺蛾亚科(Ennominae)。近年在我茶场为害严重。云尺蛾数量最多,而木橑尺蠖仅及五分之一左右。 一、形态特征 成虫 云民蛾翅底白色,前后翅具黑色粗条纹,外缘有淡黄褐色带状斑;雄蛾触角纤毛状,雌蛾丝状,腹部有黑色横纹,腹末有黄色毛丛。 木橑尺蠖翅底白色,上有灰斑,外线上有一串橙色和深褐色斑,前翅基部有一圆橙斑,斑点隐显变异很大。     

赞青尺蛾属修订及其分布格局分析（鳞翅目：尺蛾科：尺蛾亚科）

本文对赞青尺蛾属Xenozancla Warren, 1893进行研究,重新描述了属、种特征,总结了属的鉴别特征;描述了种内雄外生殖器的变化并附图,提供了成虫形态、外生殖器图。提出银尺蛾属Yinchie Yang, 1978和枣灰银尺蛾Y. zaohuiYang, 1978 分别是赞青尺蛾属Xenozancla 和赞青尺蛾X. vericolor Warren 的新异名,并为赞青尺蛾X. vericolor Warren指定了选模。同时,采用临近距离平均法（mean propinquity method）结合GIS技术绘制了赞青尺蛾属分布格局图,并据此分析了其分布格局和分布特点,结果表明：该属为亚洲东部特有属,呈西南 华北走向;它在中国华北、华中、西南地区至印度可能存在一个连续的分布区,其分布格局应属于东洋界的东南亚热带-亚热带型。     

点尾尺蛾研究初报

<正> 点尾尺蛾Euctenuropteryx nigrociliaria Leech属鳞翅目尺蛾科,又名粗榧尺蛾。1980年在我县发现为害三尖杉,虫口密度大,为害时间长,幼虫大量食叶,使资源很少的三尖杉受到较大损失。为了保护珍贵树种,及时防治,必须掌握其生物学特性。近年来我们对其饲养观察,现将初步结果整理如下。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.