败血症大鼠肝细胞核Ca^2＋转运功能的改变

本实验观察败血症时肝细胞核钙转运的变化。早期败血症（结扎盲肠及穿刺后,９ｈ）大鼠肝细胞和肝细胞核钙含量分别增加２０％和３６％（Ｐ〈０．０５）。败血症大鼠肝细胞核Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性增加９４％（Ｐ〈０．０１）,核＾４５Ｃａ＾２＋转运显著增强（增加３２％,Ｐ〈０．０１）。核＾４５Ｃａ＾２＋转运与Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性呈明显正相关（ｒ＝０．９１４,Ｐ〈０．０１）。加入钙调素显著刺激而加入钙     

湄洲湾夏季生物有机碳的研究

湄洲弯夏季浮游植物有机碳的调查结果表明,活体有机碳「（ＰＯＣ（Ｂ）」含量为４２．５０－１８５．０μｇ／ｄｍｄｍ＾３,平均值为７７．５ｇ／ｄｍ＾３ＰＯＣ（Ｂ）和叶绿素（Ｃｈｌａ）的转移系数为６２．４;由三磷酸腺苷（ＡＴＰ）计算所得ＰＯＣ（Ｂ）要比由光合作用速率（ＰＲ）所计算的结果大,同时,同化系数（ＰＩ）的变化为０．７８－２．２２ｈ＾－１,它的垂直变化与ＰＯＣ（Ｂ）分布有关。氮是湄洲湾初级生产力的限     

不同剂量的He—Ne激光对Raji细胞膜脂流动性的影响

本文采用荧光偏振法检测了不同剂量的Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光照射法对Ｒａｊｉ细胞膜流动性的影响,发现了０．０１Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２和０．５１Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２两剂量可使膜脂微粘度降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。即其膜脂流动性升高;１．０Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２和２．０Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２的剂量脂微粘度无明显影响,即其膜流动性无明显化（Ｐ〉０．０５）,而６．０２Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２的剂量可使膜微粘度明显上升（Ｐ〈０．０５）。即其膜流动性明显下降。     

脓毒血症早晚期肝细胞核被膜NTPase活性及poly（A）^＋m …

目的和方法：在育肠结扎穿孔脓毒血症大鼠模型上,研究早晚期脓毒血症肝细胞核被膜核苷三磷酸酶（ＮＴＰａｅｓ）活性及ｐｏｌｙ（Ａ）＾＋ｍＲＮＡ核浆转运的变化。结果：脓毒血症早期ＮＴＰａｓｅ活性增加而晚期活性降低,即早期Ｖｍａｘ与对照组比增加６２％（ＡＴＰ,Ｐ〈０．０５）和１８％（ＧＴＰ,Ｐ〈０．０５）;晚期Ｖｍａｘ下降２６％（ＡＴＰ,Ｐ〈０．０５）和５６％（ＧＴＰ,Ｐ〈０．０５）。脓毒血症伏晚期ＮＴＰａ     

植物微核技术在监测水质污染中的应用

应用韭菜微核技术,检测哈尔滨市量具刃具厂含铬废水的遗传毒性,试验表明：含铬废水可诱导韭菜和蚕豆根尖细胞产生微核,进行回归分析,其蚕豆对Ｃｒ＾＋６诱变剂回归分析为ｙ＝２４．９４＋１２７．７７ｘ（ｒ＝０．９９６,Ｐ〈０．０１）,韭菜对Ｃｒ＾＋６诱变剂回归广泛为：ｙ＝２１．７４＋１００．２３ｘ（ｒ＝０．９００,Ｐ〈０．０１）,ｒ＝１１．１７＋３．３８ｘ（ｒ＝０．７８１,Ｐ〈０．０５）,韭菜根尖微核技术具     

花生种子萌发过程中胚轴多胺氧化酶的活性变化

研究花生（Ａｒａｃｈｉｓｈｙｐｏｇａｅａ）种子萌发过程中胚轴多胺氧化酶（ＰＡＯ）的活性变化及其与种子萌发的关系表明：胚轴中的ＰＡＯ活性是在种子萌发过程中逐渐形成的,而黑暗条件更有利于该酶的活性形成;放线菌素Ｄ（１０ｍｇ／Ｌ）、环己酰亚胺（１０ｍｇ／Ｌ）处理对种子萌发的抑制率分别为２６．３％和８７．３％,对胚轴ＰＡＯ活性的抑制率分别为４１．１％和９４．０％,显示胚轴中的ＰＡＯ很可能参与花生种子的萌发过程,且其ｍＲＮＡ在种子发育过程中已合成并贮存于种子中,萌发时ＰＡＯ活性的出现主要是由于这些ｍＲＮＡ转译合成了ＰＡＯ。     

加压素(4 -8)对大鼠脑内Ca2+/CaM依赖的蛋白激酶Ⅱ自身磷酸化的影响

大鼠皮下注射加压素（ＡＶＰ）（４－８）１ｈ后,大脑皮层中Ｃａ＾２＋／ＣａＭ依赖的蛋白激酶Ⅱ自身磷酸化程度与对照组比较增高１９２％,Ｐ〈０．００１;海马中增高４０％,Ｐ〈０．０５。ＣａＭＫⅡ的自身磷酸化程度依赖于Ｃａ＾２＋及ＣａＭ浓度。在用抗 ＣａＭＫⅡα单克隆抗体对给药１ｈ组样品和对照组样品进行免疫印迹检测时,发现皮下注射ＡＶＰ（４－８）１ｈ后,大脑皮层中ＣａＭＫⅡα亚基的蛋白量没有明显差异。ＡＶ     

体外^14C—尿素呼气试验检测胃内幽门螺杆菌感染研究

目的 建立诊断胃内幽门螺杆菌感染（Ｈｐ）的体外＾１４Ｃ－尿素呼气试验（＾１４Ｃ－ＵＢＴ）。方法 ４７例Ｈｐ阳性和３２例Ｈｐ阴性患者接受测试,用口服微量液采集胶囊的办法收集胃液标本于－１０ｍｌ无菌试管内,加入生理盐水０．５ｍｌ和１８．５ｋＢｑ＾１４Ｃ－尿素后立即加橡皮塞密封试管,室温放置反应３ｈ,注射器经橡皮塞注入２ＭＨ２ＳＯ３１．０ｍｌ,使＾１４ＣＯ＾２释出。同一注射器回抽气体并立即注入装有６．５ｍｌ的＾１４ＣＯ２搜集闪烁剂液闪瓶内搜集＾１４ＣＯ＾２,最后在液体闪烁计数仪上作＾１４Ｃ放射性测定。结果 ４７例Ｈｐ阳性病人＾１４Ｃ放射性几何均数为５３０ｄｐｍ,而３２例Ｈｐ阴性者结果为２１ｄｐｍ,二者相差２３倍（Ｗｉｌｃｏｘｏｎ铁和检验,ｕ＝５．５９７６,Ｐ〈０．０１）。以受试者工作特征曲线分析法得出判别阈值为７５ｄ     

超低能重离子注入作物育种的原初物理机制

从原子核物理学观点出发,采用理论分析与实验测量并举的方法对超级能（〈２００ｋｅｖ）重离子（Ｚ≥６）注入作物（小麦）种子进行诱变育种的原初物理机制进行了研究,结果表明,无论是注入离子本身的射程,还是次级电子,自由基扩散,高温热穗,级联原子和冲击波等次级作用范围都无法触及表皮下面的胚细胞,但注入离子在麦胚内主要元素（Ｃ,Ｎ,Ｏ,Ｓ,Ｐ,Ｋ,Ｃａ）上激发出的特征Ｘ－射线,在其强度减弱为原来的１０＾－３时     

孵化期间鹌鹑蛋各成分的水分变化及胚胎生长

孵化期间鹌鹑蛋中黄和蛋白的含水量变化呈互补性，即蛋黄含水多时，蛋白含水量少，蛋黄含水少时，蛋白含水量多，但人孵前蛋黄含水同出壳时剩余蛋黄含水量无显著差异，孵化期间胚胎含水是逐渐减少的，第９日龄前胚胎生长缓慢，第９日龄后胚胎呈直线生长，湿重的生长模型为Ｙ＝０．０００４Ｘ＾３．５９（ｒ＝０．９９，Ｐ〈０．０１），干重的生长模型为Ｙ＝０．００００２Ｘ＾４．１０８４（ｒ＝０．９９，Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

Biological Effects of Stevia rebaudianum Induced by Carbon Ion Implantation

The biological effects during seed germination were investigated after the dry seeds of Stevia rebaudianum Bertoni were implanted with carbon ion beam of 75 keV and 10 14 ions/cm 2. The results showed that the germination rate of carbon ion implanted seeds was slightly higher than that of the control, but the survival rate of the treated seedlings, on the contrary, was lower than that of the control (P <0.02), while the height of the treated seedlings was significantly higher than that of the control (P <0.01). On the 4th day after germination, the leaf cell wall in the treated group was thick, some high electron-dense substance deposited in the enlarged plasmodesma; Cell membrane reased with high electron-dense granules deposited on it. The plasma membrane protruded towards cell wall, and the granules shifted via plasmodesma or deposited onto cell wall. These phenomena may be related to the conveyance of implanted ions across cell wall, or be related to the accumulation of callose. In addition, the implantation of carbon ions could increase the lamellae of the chloroplast and cause high development of the chloroplast which sometimes contained two plastid centers in an individual chloroplast. Also, the highly developed cristae, abundant mitochondria and typical crystalloid structure in microbody could be found. All these results indicated that the anabolic and catabolic activities in the seedlings implanted with carbon ions before germination were obviously more active than those in the controls.     

Canola seed germination and seedling emergence from pre-hydrated and re-dried seeds subjected to salt and water stresses at low temperatures

Low soil temperatures and low water potentials reduce and delay the seed germination of canola (Brassica rapa L., B. napus L.) in western Canada. Germination is also very sensitive to the salinity effects of nitrogen fertiliser placed with the seed, especially when the seed bed is relatively dry. The effects of pre-hydration and re-drying treatment on canola (Brassica rapa L. cv. Tobin) seed germination and seedling emergence at 10°C subjected to either a water or salt stress were determined. Low water potentials, induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000), low soil moisture, or high concentrations of salts, reduced both germination and seedling emergence, and increased the time to 50% germination and emergence of seeds at 10°C. At equal osmotic potentials, Na₂SO₄ was less inhibitory on low temperature germination than either NaCl or PEG, suggesting that the sulphate ion partially alleviated the inhibitory effects of low water potential. Solutions of NaCI produced more abnormal seedlings compared to Na₂SO₄, suggesting that NaCl was more toxic than Na₂SO₄ during seedling development. Pre-hydration and re-drying partially overcame the inhibitory effects of both low water potential and salts on seed germination and seedling emergence at 10°C. The seed treatment increased the germination rate in Petri dishes and seedling emergence from a sandy loam soil. Water potentials or soil water contents required to inhibit 50% germination or emergence at 10°C were lower for treated seeds compared to control seeds. Salt concentrations inhibiting 50% emergence were higher for treated seeds than control seeds. Neither treated nor control seeds produced seedlings which emerged if the soil water content was lower than 9% or when the soil was continuously irrigated with salt solutions of 100 mmol kg^-1 of NaCl or 50 mmol kg^-1 of Na₂SO₄. These results suggest that the pre-hydration and re-drying treatment did not lower the base water potentials at which seedling emergence could occur. Abnormal seedlings were observed in both treated and control seeds, particularly if the soil was watered with NaCl solutions; however, the seed treatment reduced the number of abnormal seedlings.     

盐旱互作对不同生境盐地碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

研究了盐旱互作对潮间带和盐碱地生境盐地碱蓬棕色种子萌发、地上部生长和离子积累的影响。不同盐浓度预处理后,未萌发的种子风干后复水,其萌发率与对照相比没有降低,说明两种生境盐地碱蓬种子萌发期间都耐干湿交替。400mmol/LNaCl溶液浇灌的潮间带生境盐地碱蓬幼苗在第3次干旱处理后萎蔫幼苗的百分比高于盐碱地生境的,而复水后正常幼苗的百分比却相反。400mmol/LNaCl溶液处理下,第3次干旱处理复水后,盐碱地生境盐地碱蓬幼苗地上部离子含量(主要是Na+和Cl-)高于潮间带生境的。表明在干旱情况下,盐碱地生境盐地碱蓬幼苗能积累更多的无机离子,降低渗透势,提高根系吸收水分的能力。上述结果说明,盐碱地生境盐地碱蓬幼苗较潮间带生境盐地碱蓬幼苗更耐盐与干旱的交互作用。     

钙对低温胁迫的烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响

用CaCl2 浸种处理烟草种子 ,研究了钙对烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响。结果表明 :CaCl2 浸种能够提高烟草幼苗结合态钙和膜保护酶活性 ,降低膜透性和MDA(丙二醛 )含量。在低温胁迫条件下 ,Ca2 浸种处理的烟草幼苗SOD、CAT和POD等保护酶活性下降程度较未经处理的轻 ,细胞相对电导率低。恢复生长后 ,幼苗膜透性和保护酶活性恢复较快。CaM(钙调素 )特异性抑制剂CPZ(氯丙嗪 )能部分抑制Ca2 提高SOD、CAT和POD活性的作用     

Inhibitory effects of leachate from Eupatorium adenophorum on germination and growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium glaucum

Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Chenopodium glaucum L. are two widely distributed destructive weeds. Their strong adaptability and massive seed production make them the hardest weeds to deal with. This present study intended to investigate the effect of leachate from Eupatorium adenophorum on the growth of these weeds and explore the potential to develop an environmental friendly strategy to use the leachate to control the weeds. Seeds of A. retroflexus L. and C. glaucum L. were soaked in solutions containing 0%, 0.6%, 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5% leachate from E. adenophorum leaves. A. retroflexus and C. glaucum seedlings grown in pots were sprayed with leachate solutions in the same concentration range. The effects of these leachate solutions on membrane permeability and germination of seeds, and growth and physiological characteristics of the seedlings were investigated. The highest concentration of leachate (5%) caused significant damage to the cell membrane of seeds of both weed species, whereas lower concentrations (0.6%) promoted repair of the membrane system, as reflected by higher and lower than control in relative conductivity (RC), respectively. Different concentrations of leachate showed distinct allelopathic inhibitory effects on the two weed species; lower concentrations showed weak inhibitory or even positive effects, whereas higher concentrations showed stronger inhibitory effects. Higher concentrations of leachate (2.5% and 5%) delayed germination and significantly decreased the emergence rate of the seeds, survival rate, and dry matter accumulation of the seedlings. When treated by 5% leachate, the emergence date of A. retroflexus was delayed by 3.6 d, emergence rate of the seeds and survival rate was 69.1% and 70.6% of the control, respectively, seedling dry matter was 48.6% less than the control; In the case of C. glaucum, the emergence date was delayed by 2.7 d, emergence rate of the seeds and survival rate was 45.1% and 58.6% of the control, respectively, seedling dry matter was 44.7% less than the control. There were significant interactions among the different concentrations of leachate and the length of treatment period with respect to activities of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, and chlorophyll contents. Seedlings treated with 0.6%, 1.25%, or 2.5% leachate solution for 24–72 h showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities. When seedlings were treated with leachate solutions for 96 h, antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll content decreased in A. retroflexus, but only CAT activity decreased in C. glaucum. When seedlings of the two weed species were treated with 5% leachate solution, CAT activity and chlorophyll content decreased and MDA content gradually increased with longer treatment times (from 24 to 96 h). The two weed species showed different allelopathic responses to E. adenophorum; A. retroflexus was more sensitive than C. glaucum. Based on the investigation, it could be speculated that the delayed germination and low germination rate of the weeds after treatment by leachate could be due to the fact that leachate damaged the membrane system of the seeds. By delaying germination, lowering the germination rate of the weeds and inhibiting seedling growth, leachate from E. adenophorum could provide an effective way of controlling the weeds.     

钙对低温胁迫的烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响

用CaCl2浸种处理烟草种子,研究了钙对烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响。结果表明：CaCl2浸种能够提高烟草幼苗结合态钙和膜保护酶活性,降低膜透性和MDA（丙二醛）含量。在低温胁迫条件下,Ca2+浸种处理的烟草幼苗SOD、CAT和POD等保护酶活性下降程度较未经处理的轻,细胞相对电导率低。恢复生长后,幼苗膜透性和保护酶活性恢复较快。CaM（钙调素）特异性抑制剂CPZ（氯丙嗪）能部分抑制Ca2+提高SOD、CAT和POD活性的作用。     

Effect of salinity on seed germination,ion content and photosynthesis of cotyledons in halophytes or xerophyte growing in Central Asia

Aims We investigated the impact of salinity on seed germination, chlorophyll content, chloroplast structure and photosynthesis of the green embryos in desiccated seeds of the xerophyte Haloxylon persicum, xero-halophyte Haloxylon ammodendron and euhalophyte Suaeda physophora.Methods Seeds of H. persicum, H. ammodendron and S. physophora were collected from natural environment in Fukang, Xinjiang province. Pretreatment with 700 mM NaCl was carried out to stimulate the natural 'seed priming'; we analyzed the joint effect of salinity and different species on germination physiology and cotyledonal structure and photosynthetic function changes during germination and recovery stage.Important findings We found that seeds did not suffer ion toxicity for the two halophytes H. ammodendron and S. physophora, as evidenced by the high final germination after ungerminated seeds pretreated with 700 mM NaCl were transferred to distilled water, but the final germination of the xerophyte H. persicum was significantly lower than that of control. The Na + concentration in embryos increased under salinity for all species, while K + concentration decreased by salinity only for H. persicum and H. ammodendron, i.e. the concentration of K + in embryos of H. persicum and H. ammodendron decreased by 36% and 46%, respectively. For all species, whether dry intact seeds or cotyledons of dry seeds imbibed in deionized water and NaCl solution, had high chlorophyll content. Treatment with NaCl also caused chloroplast thylakoids to swell and chlorophyll content to decrease in seeds of H. persicum, but no significant change was observed in the more salt-tolerant species S. physophora and H. ammodendron. Fluorescence measurement showed that 700 mM NaCl decreased the Fv/Fm ratio of cotyledons in seeds for all species, especially for H. persicum and H. ammodendron. Photosynthetic oxygen releasing was detected from the seeds that were moistened with distilled water and 700 mM NaCl for 6 or 24 h and from the seeds that were initially moistened with 700 mM NaCl in darkness for 10 days, then transferred to distilled water for another 6 and 24 h. The results indicated that the chlorophyll in cotyledon of desiccated seed had photosynthetic function in early germination stage, even under high-saline condition. In addition, the photosynthesis of chlorophyll in the embryonic cotyledons of desiccated seeds during germination was similar to that in leaves of young seedlings for all species. In conclusion, the chloroplasts of the two halophytes were more salt resistant compared with the xerophyte H. persicum. The photosynthetic function of chlorophyll in cotyledons of mature seeds may be ecologically important for seedling development in early stage for plants growing in extremely saline or arid environments.     

拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)氮、碳离子注入诱变效应分析

采用N +、C +离子注入拟南芥 (Arabidopsisthaliana)种子 ,统计了种子的发芽指数 (发芽率和发芽势 ) ;用改良的RAPD技术对N+离子注入种子植株的DNA进行11个引物的随机片段多态性扩增。结果表明 ,合适剂量的N+、C+离子注入可使种子发芽率提高 ,两种离子注入种子的发芽率峰值 (分别为92.3 %和74.4 % )都在5×1014ions/cm2;分析N +离子注入材料发现 ,在1×1013 -1×1016ions/cm2剂量范围内 ,基因组DNA的变异率与发芽指数的变化趋势基本一致 ,变异率峰值 (9.0 % )在1×1015 ions/cm2。结果提示 ,分析低能N+离子诱变效应的最佳注入剂量在1×1014-5×1015 ions/cm2。对N+、C+离子注入的比较发现 ,一定范围内同等剂量C+离子注入的诱变率高于N +离子注入     

Accumulation of ions during seed development under controlled saline conditions of two Suaeda salsa populations is related to their adaptation to saline environments

Controlled conditions were used to investigate the relationship between ion distribution in developing seeds of two Suaeda salsa populations and seed germination and seedling emergence. Seeds were harvested from S. salsa plants that had been treated with 1 or 400 mM NaCl for 122 (saline inland population) or 135 days (intertidal zone population) in a glasshouse. Germination and seedling emergence were evaluated under salinity. In both populations, more ions were accumulated in the pericarps of plants cultured in 400 mM NaCl than in 1 mM NaCl. Pericarps accumulated much higher ion concentrations in the intertidal zone population than in the saline inland population, while the opposite trend occurred for ion accumulation in the embryos. Seeds of plants from the intertidal zone population germinated more rapidly than those from plants of the saline inland population, regardless of the NaCl concentration during seed germination. However, seedling emergence under high salinity was lower with seeds from the intertidal zone population than with seeds from the saline inland population. In conclusion, S. salsa in the intertidal zone employs superior control of ion compartmentalization in the pericarps to tolerate salinity but requires a minimal level of ions in embryos to ensure seedling establishment in highly saline environments. This indicates that euhalophytes require salts during the mature seed stage to maintain seed viability and to ensure seedling emergence and population establishment.     

氯化钠胁迫对罗布麻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

用不同浓度的氯化钠溶液处理罗布麻种子,试验结果表明,氯化钠浓度低于0.8%时,可促进罗布麻种子萌芽,高于0.8%小于2.0%时抑制萌芽,超过2.0%时极显著抑制种子萌芽。氯化钠浓度高低均对罗布麻幼苗生长有抑制作用,当浓度大于0.4%时,出叶速度减慢,植株矮化、相对抑制率超过60%,鲜重与对照相比降低了50%以上。