食物对刺足根螨生长发育、繁殖及休眠体产生的影响

在(25±1)℃、(95±5)%RH、全黑暗条件下,研究了4种食物对刺足根螨生长发育、繁殖及休眠体产生的影响。结果表明:取食马铃薯、马铃薯淀粉及鱼粉后,刺足根螨能完成世代发育,但其取食滤纸不能完成世代发育;在适宜的温湿度条件下,供试的4种食物对刺足根螨休眠体的产生无影响。     

台湾根螨属种类、寄主、分布与检验技术

根螨是鳞茎、球茎、块茎、块根和根茎等植物的重要地下害螨,是贸易中最危险的有害生物类群之一。对台湾的根螨属螨类:花叶芋根螨、刺足根螨、罗宾根螨、长毛根螨和单列根螨的寄主与分布进行了介绍,并提供了根螨的检验技术。     

根螨属螨类进境风险分析

通过对根螨进境风险进行定性分析,初步认为花叶芋根螨(Rhizoglyphus caladii)、小根螨(R.minutus)、长毛根螨(R.setosus)和单列根螨(R.singularis)为检疫性有害生物;刺足根螨(R.echinopus)和罗宾根螨(R.robini)为限定的非检疫性有害生物。     

猎物对巴氏钝绥螨生长发育和繁殖的影响

在(25±1)℃、90%RH以上、无光照实验条件下,以腐食酪螨和刺足根螨为猎物,研究了巴氏钝绥螨的生长发育和繁殖情况。结果表明,以腐食酪螨幼螨为猎物,巴氏钝绥螨可正常发育和繁殖,雌、雄成螨寿命分别为(34.250±1.361)和(23.950±1.606)d;以刺足根螨为猎物时,无法发育到成螨;成螨寿命明显缩短,雌、雄分别为(7.300±0.619)和(6.567±0.609)d,显著短于捕食腐食酪螨的巴氏钝绥螨,而且雌螨不能产卵。     

百里酚对刺足根螨的毒力实验

根据植物精油在抗菌、杀虫和杀螨等方面的研究,考虑其无污染、无残留、用量少、价格低以及可阻止或延缓螨类的抗药性的特点,我们采用药膜法,进行了百里酚对刺足根螨[Rhizoglyphus echinopus(Fumouze&Rob in)]的毒力实验。结果表明,24 h的LC50=2.2222 g.L-1;48 h的LC50=0.6086 g.L-1。该实验为植物油应用于害螨防治提供了参考。     

赫刺螨属一新种：蜱螨亚纲：皮刺螨科

本文对小毛足鼠体上的赫刺螨新种一毛足鼠赫刺螨 Hirstionyssus phodopi sp.nov.进行了描述,该种与新华赫刺螨 Hirstionyssus neosinicus Teng et Pan,1962相近似。模式标本采自宁夏中宁县,保存在宁夏回族自治区地方病防治所和贵阳医学院寄生虫学教研室。     

中国巨刺螨属一新种和雷氏巨刺螨的重新描述(中气门目,巨刺螨科)(英文)

记述了采自广西的扁颅蝠Tylonycteris robustula(Thomas,1915)体表的寄生革螨1新种:拟雷氏巨刺螨Macronyssus pararadovskyi Tian,Jin et Zhang,sp.nov..新种与雷氏巨刺螨Macronyssus radovskyi(Domrow,1963)近似,二者的区别在于:新种背毛有27对,具有Z3;雌螨生殖腹板具有3根副毛,或部分标本为1根副毛在板的末端,另1对副毛位于板外;雄螨胸生殖腹板上具有4对胸毛和20根腹毛.而雷氏巨刺螨背毛有26对,不具有Z3.雌螨生殖腹板不具有副毛,即副毛均不在生殖腹板上;雄螨胸生殖腹板上具有4对胸毛和18根腹毛.另外,依据采自广西褐扁颅蝠Tylonycterispachypus(Temminck,1840)体表的标本,对雷氏巨刺螨Macronyssus radovskyi(Domrow,1963)的雌、雄螨成体和第1若螨进行了重新描述.所有标本均保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所标本馆.     

革螨跗感器的结构和功能

本文进一步研究了:④厩真厉螨截肢前后的爬行行为,表明第1对足其感觉功能;②用古拉广厉螨分别截各对足驱避反应的对比试验,见到只有当截去第1对足跗节时失去嗅觉功能,而截去第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ对足时,各组都仍有嗅觉功能;⑤对格氏血厉螨、厩真厉螨、毒厉螨和鼠颚毛厉螨进行涂漆前后的驱避试验,显示当跗感器被涂满封闭,则嗅觉功能消失;④以0.5%结晶紫或龙胆紫液染色的截肢标本,观察了厩真厉螨、毒厉螨、格氏血厉螨、古拉广厉螨及尾足螨股一种螨,足Ⅰ跗节末端凹窝中,至少都存在两类感毛,钝钉型感毛和长而尖的刚毛型感毛;⑤厩真厉螨雌螨和幼螨跗感器的钝钉毛分别为8根和5根,另外各有2根短而尖的毛,分别测定了长度,描述了形态特点;⑥透射电镜观察厩真厉螨、毒厉螨等的跗感器钝钉毛,毛外围有表皮壁,壁上有很多微孔,内有中心腔,腔内有树突。属化感器——嗅觉器;⑦电生理技术研究,当用氨和醋酸的气体刺激厩真厉螨、毒厉螨的离体足Ⅰ时,均产生明显的应激电位差,充分证明足Ⅰ辩节有嗅觉功能。     

珠甲螨科中国一新纪录属——旁珠足甲螨属(蜱螨亚纲,甲螨亚目,珠甲螨总科)

记述采自青海省西宁市互助北山国家森林公园的中国1新纪录属,旁珠足甲螨属Parabelbella Bulanova-Zachvatkina,1967,及1新种,半刺旁珠足甲螨Parabelbella dimidiaspina sp.nov..模式标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所.半刺旁珠足甲螨,新种Parabelbella dimidiasphna sp.nov.新种相似于锯毛旁珠足甲螨Parabelbella crenatosetosa,都具有短而单侧具刺刚毛,感器窝侧突(＆)、(Sp)及梁间毛(蚴.新种具前背板凸起(Aa)和(母),假气门器(豇)中端密被微刺;而锯毛旁珠足甲螨Parabelbella crenatosetosa以不具有前背板凸起(Aa)和(却),假气门器(豇)整个部位密被微刺的特征区别于新种.检视标本：正模1头(75％酒精浸泡,QHHZBS-XLX-8-17),青海西宁互助北山森林公园(37°06′N,102°14′E;海拔3 075 m),柏树落叶层,2009-08-17,谢丽霞采.副模5头(75％酒精浸泡,QHXNDWY-XLX-2009-8-17),采集记录同正模.分布：中国(青海).词源：新种种名源自拉丁词“如庇如一半或对半″及“跏协刺”,意指新种假气门器(盯)端半部分密被微刺.     

实验室饲养恙螨的饲料供应

恙螨生活史的观察和传病机制的研究,有赖于实验室内饲养,因此饲养方法非常重要。 实验室饲养恙螨的装置、饲养条件和饲料供应等方面已有很多研究报导,我们参照了文献介绍的方法,作了某些改进,特别是在饲料供应方面。近年来我们     

Prevalence Rates of Uterine Cervical Carcinoma in situ for Women Using the Diaphragm or Contraceptive Oral Steroids

Study of the prevalence rates of uterine cervical carcinoma in situ among women attending centres of Planned Parenthood of New York City, Inc., showed a small but statistically significant difference between the population choosing and using the diaphragm and the population choosing and using oral steroids for contraception. This can be attributed either to a decreased prevalence rate for women using the diaphragm or to an increased rate for women using oral steroids. The reason for the difference is not apparent from these data.     

Photocontrolled nanoparticles for on-demand release of proteins

We describe here light-regulated swelling and degradation features of polymeric nanoparticles that are produced using an inverse microemulsion polymerization method. We demonstrate the phototriggered release characteristics of the nanoparticles by sequestering protein molecules and releasing them using light as a trigger. Furthermore, the intracellular translocation of the nanoparticles, along with its fluorescent protein payload, was achieved using a cell-penetrating peptide-based surface modification. We expect that the noncovalent encapsulation of proteins using nanoparticles and their photo triggered release using an external light would provide opportunities for achieving intracellular release of molecular therapeutics for on-demand requirements.     

Genetic parameters and selection efficiency using part-records for production traits in strawberries

Summary The efficiency of selection for yield and fruit size using parts of the complete-season record was evaluated using data collected for individual strawberry seedlings (Fragaria x annanasa) in four genetic tests. Part-records were generated for each trait using cumulative weekly sums, and these were compared with complete records to assess the value of extended data collection. In addition, part-records were generated using data from alternate weeks of harvest. Scoring separate sets of seedlings in alternate weeks was assumed to allow a doubling of the unselected population size, halving the selection proportion and increasing selection intensity. Heritabilities estimated for part-records were often larger for mid-season cumulative part-records than for the complete-season records. Seasonal patterns for broad-sense and narrow-sense heritabilities differed, suggesting temporal expression of genes that condition yield and fruit size. Predicted genetic gains were largest using cumulative part-records between 4 and 12 weeks of the 15-week season, depending on trait and breeding objective (breeding value versus clonal value), with 8–9 weeks as a reasonable compromise. Selection using alternate-weeks records was identified as an efficient alternative to selection using total complete-season records. Superiority of the alternate-weeks option depends on the balance between increased selection intensity and decreased individual genetic information, and will differ for specific traits and program designs.     

基于GIS的浙江省水稻遥感估产最佳时相选择

水稻遥感估产最佳时相选择应包括水稻种植面积估算最佳时相和水稻产量预报最佳时相两部分。在水稻遥感估产最佳时相选择中,由于首次引入GIS技术提取水稻可能种植区域,缩小了研究范围,植被种类也较简单一,因此仅用农作物物候历即可确定水稻种植面积估算最佳时相,而不需要考虑所有的植被类型。利用盆栽试验和小区试验研究水稻产量与不同时期的农学参数、农学参数与植被指数及水稻产量与植被指数的关系,结果表明,水稻产量与农业参数、农学参数与光谱变量的关系均以孕穗以抽穗期最好,水稻产量与光谱变量的关系则从分蘖盛期到抽穗期的极显著。因此,以孕穗期到抽穗期作为建立水稻遥感估产模型的最佳时期。再利用1998年各地的水稻发育期观测资料,确定各区水稻产量遥感最佳时相。     

Evaluating the influence of quality control decisions and software algorithms on SNP calling for the affymetrix 6.0 SNP array platform

Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the influence of quality control (QC) decisions using two genotype calling algorithms, CRLMM and Birdseed, designed for the Affymetrix SNP Array 6.0. Methods: Various QC options were tried using the two algorithms and comparisons were made on subject and call rate and on association results using two data sets. Results: For Birdseed, we recommend using the contrast QC instead of QC call rate for sample QC. For CRLMM, we recommend using the signal-to-noise rate ≥4 for sample QC and a posterior probability of 90% for genotype accuracy. For both algorithms, we recommend calling the genotype separately for each plate, and dropping SNPs with a lower call rate (<95%) before evaluating samples with lower call rates. To investigate whether the genotype calls from the two algorithms impacted the genome-wide association results, we performed association analysis using data from the GENOA cohort; we observed that the number of significant SNPs were similar using either CRLMM or Birdseed. Conclusions: Using our suggested workflow both algorithms performed similarly; however, fewer samples were removed and CRLMM took half the time to run our 854 study samples (4.2 h) compared to Birdseed (8.4 h).     

Assay of timolol in human plasma using gas chromatography with electron-capture detection

A simple and sensitive gas chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of timolol in plasma using electron-capture detection and propranolol as internal standard. Timolol was extracted using butyl chloride and derivatized using trifluoroacetic anhydride in butyl acetate. The lower detection limit for the assay was found to be 1 ng/ml from 1 ml of plasma. Extracted standards gave within-day precision of 12.55, 9.68 and 3.78% for 1, 20 and 100 ng/ml plasma samples, respectively. A recovery of at least 80% of timolol was found using the extraction method described. The assay was used in a randomized cross-over bioequivalence trial using an oral administration of 20 mg of timolol. Pharmacokinetic parameters compare favourably with other literature values.     

Preliminary evaluation of greenhouses employing positive-pressure forced ventilation to prevent invasion by insect pests

We conducted a preliminary comparison of greenhouses using positive-pressure forced ventilation (PFV) systems and natural ventilation (NV) systems, and assessed the effectiveness of both systems for preventing the invasion of greenhouses used to cultivate tomatoes by insect pests. In Trial 1 (August–December 2006), greenhouses using a PFV system and an insect-proof screen (mesh size 1.0 mm) had fewer sweetpotato whiteflies and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), and more onion thrips, Thrips tabaci (Lindeman), than greenhouses that employed an NV system fitted with the same screen. Tomato leafminers, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, were not observed in the greenhouse using the PFV system, but some were observed in the greenhouse using the NV system. In Trial 2 (August–December 2007), the greenhouse using the PFV system combined with an insect-proof screen (mesh size 0.4 mm) had higher whitefly densities after late October compared to the greenhouse using the NV system and the same screen. However, there were more thrips in the greenhouse using the PFV system compared to the greenhouse using the NV system. In both trials, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, which is transmitted by B. tabaci, was recorded in the greenhouse using the NV system but not in the greenhouse using the PFV system. The results showed that the PFV system was effective for preventing invasion by leafminers and partially effective for preventing invasion by whiteflies, but not effective for preventing invasion by thrips.     

Antiproton stopping power data for radiation therapy simulations

Stopping powers of H, He, H₂, and H₂O targets for antiprotons have been calculated using a convergent close-coupling method. For He and H₂ targets electron–electron correlations are fully accounted for using a multiconfiguration approximation. Two-electron processes are included using an independent-event model. The water molecule is described using a neon-like structure model with a pseudo-spherical potential. Results are tabulated for the purpose of Monte Carlo simulations to model antiproton transport through matter for radiation therapy.     

650例疑似细菌性阴道病BV患者阴道分泌物检测分析

目的探讨生化检测法在细菌性阴道病（BV）诊断中的应用价值。方法对绍兴市人民医院妇科门诊650例阴道分泌物进行常规及生化检测。结果在650例疑似细菌性阴道病患者中,以“唾液酸苷酶阳性＋过氧化氢阳性”为诊断标准,共检出BV患者483例（占总数的74．31％）;使用Amsel法检出细菌性阴道病患者481例（占总数的74％）。使用生化检测法和Amsel法检出细菌性阴道病的阳性率差异无统计学意义（x2=0．53,P〉O．05）,二者的符合率为94．15％（612／650）,具有很高的一致性。结论生化检测准确、快速,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

用721分光仪测定大豆赖氨酸的方法

本文介绍了改用721分光仪测定大豆赖氨酸含量的方法。将其试验结果与835型氨基酸分析仪结果相对照,经T检验差异不显著,相关性结果达0.99。两种仪器分析结果基本一致。说明改用721分光仪测定大豆赖氨酸含量是可行的。