丙型肝炎病毒基因组C区和NS3区基因cDNA的融合及其在大肠杆菌中的表达与初步应用

通过逆转录（ＲＴ）－聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）,从中国人丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）携带者的血清中扩增并克隆到２段ｃＤＮＡ片段,即ＨＣＶ基因组Ｃ区抗原基因Ｃ８３１ｃＤＮＡ片断（约５３０ｂｐ）和ＮＳ３区抗原基因Ｃ３３ｃｃＤＮＡ片段（约８６０ｂｐ）。Ｃ３３ｃｃＤＮＡ片段同Ｃ８３１ｃＤＮＡ片段经连接　　　肽Ｓｅｒ－Ｐｒｏ－Ｇｌｙ－Ｓｅｒ连接成为基因嵌合体Ｃ３３ｃ－Ｃ８３１（约１４００ｂｐ）。Ｃ３３ｃ－Ｃ８３１基因嵌合体同温控型原核表达载体ｐＢＶ２２０重组,构建成表达质粒ｐＢＶ／Ｃ３３ｃ－Ｃ８３１,并在大肠杆菌细胞中获得了重组嵌合抗原Ｃ３３ｃ－ＣＬ的表达。通过酶切分析和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ免疫印迹法,对约占菌体可溶性蛋白９％的表达产物做了鉴定。采用ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００和盐析处理,获得粗提表达产物。粗提的表达产物经尿素裂解和离子交换层析纯化,得到可用于检测抗ＨＣＶ核壳蛋白和抗ＮＳ３区抗体的重组嵌合抗原Ｃ３３ｃ－ＣＬ。对Ｃ３３ｃ－ＣＬ做抗原性分析发现,它同时具有完整的Ｃ３３ｃ抗原和Ｃ２２抗原的免疫反应活性,完全能替代单纯的Ｃ３３ｃ和Ｃ２２抗原。该嵌合抗原在血清学诊断中有重要的应用价值,可望成为新一代ＨＣＶＥＩＡ诊断试剂的优选抗原。     

用PCR扩增和克隆马立克氏病病毒糖蛋白D基因

用ＰＣＲ技术,从ＧＡ株马立克氏病病毒（ＭＤＶ）感染的成纤维细胞（ＧＥＦ）基因组ＤＮＡ中扩增出ＭＤＶ糖蛋白Ｄ（ｇＤ）抗原基因片段的约１３００ｂｐ编码序列,将该ｐｃＲ扩增的产物于ＥｃｏＲＩ和Ｋｐｎｌ位点克隆到ｐＵＣ１８质粒载体中,在以ｄｉｇｏｘｉｇｅｎｉｎ（ｄｉｇ）标记的ｇＤＰＣＲ产物作为探针,进行原位杂交初步筛选到阳性重组质粒克隆,再根据酶切分析筛选到含ＭＤＶｇＤ基因的重组质粒ｐ１８ＭｇＤ。将ｐ１８ＭｇＤ质粒ＤＮＡ用ｄｉｇ标记后,在Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ中,该探针能识别ＭＤＶ基因组ＤＮＡ的ＢａｍＨＩ－Ａ克隆中的Ａ片段ＤＮＡ。酶切位点分析表明,该ｇＤ克隆也和已发表的ＭＤＶ的ＲＢＩＢ株ｇＤ一样,不含有ＥｃｏＲⅠ、ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＳｍａⅠ、ｐｖｕⅡ等酶切位点。证明该重组质粒是ＭＤＶｇＤ克隆。     

RT－cDNA克隆－PCR法获取犬瘟热病毒融合蛋白基因（F）

纯化鸡胚成纤维细胞培养的犬瘟热病毒（ＣａｎｉｎｅＤｉｓｔｅｍｐｅｒＶｉｒｕｓ,ＣＤＶ）,获得病毒基因组ＲＮＡ后,反转录合成双链病毒Ｆ基因ｃＤＮＡ。将此双链ｃＤＮＡ平端插入ＰＵＣ１９质粒ＳａｍⅠ位点构建重组质粒,进行ｃＤＮＡ克隆。以重组克隆质粒为模板ＰＣＲ扩增,获得ＣＤＶ全长Ｆ基因。将此Ｆ基因插入表达载体ＰＢＶ２２０,在大肠杆菌中表达,通过对表达产物的最终鉴定,可确认所获片段为ＣＤＶ全长Ｆ基因．     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒膜蛋白和核衣壳蛋白基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

以 Ｐ Ｒ Ｒ Ｓ Ｖ 弱毒株膜蛋白（ Ｍ） 和核衣壳（ Ｎ） 蛋白基因为模板,设计的一对含有 Ｅｃｏ Ｒ Ｉ 和 Ｂａｍ Ｈ Ｉ酶切位点的引物,通过 Ｒ Ｔ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 扩增出一约９００ ｂｐ 的 Ｍ Ｎ 基因片段,将此基因片段成功克隆于高效表达载体ｐ Ｂ Ｖ２２０ ,构建成重组质粒ｐ Ｂ Ｖ Ｍ Ｎ,导入大肠杆菌 Ｄ Ｈ５α,经温敏诱导,成功地表达了 Ｍ Ｎ 基因。表达产物经 Ｓ Ｄ Ｓ Ｐ Ａ Ｇ Ｅ 电泳和 Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ 印迹分析,其分子量约３４ ｋ Ｄ,与兔抗 Ｐ Ｒ Ｒ Ｓ Ｖ 高免血清发生反应,经光密度扫描分析,表达产物量占菌体总蛋白的１２ ％ 。该研究为 Ｐ Ｒ Ｒ Ｓ 基因诊断抗原的研制奠定了基础     

丙肝病毒融合抗原基因NS3-C定点整合入衣藻叶绿体基因组的研究

用ＰＣＲ 方法从丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ） ｃＤＮＡ 文库中克隆了两段ＤＮＡ 片段,即ＨＣＶ 基因组非结构ＮＳ３区抗原基因（约０．７ ｋｂ）和核心抗原Ｃ区抗原基因（约０．６ ｋｂ）的ｃＤＮＡ 片段。在两段ｃＤＮＡ 间加入连接肽Ｓｅｒ－ Ｐｒｏ－ Ｇｌｙ－ Ｓｅｒ 的密码子序列,构建成融合抗原基因ＮＳ３－ Ｃ。将该融合基因与衣藻叶绿体基因ａｔｐＡ 的启动子和ｒｂｃＬ 基因的３′末端连接,得到丙肝病毒融合抗原基因ＮＳ３－ Ｃ表达盒,再将该表达盒与选择标记基因ａａｄＡ 表达盒和衣藻叶绿体基因组同源片段连接,构建成衣藻叶绿体转化载体ｐＳＳ６。基因枪法转化衣藻叶绿体,经壮观霉素筛选获得转化再生的单藻落,对转基因衣藻的ＰＣＲ 和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交分析表明,融合抗原基因ＮＳ３－ Ｃ已整合到衣藻叶绿体基因组中。     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒膜蛋白和核衣壳蛋白基因在大肠杆菌中的 …

以ＰＲＲＳＶ弱毒株膜蛋白（Ｍ）和核衣壳（Ｎ）蛋白基因为模板,设计的一对含有ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＢａｍＨＩ酶切位点的引物,通过ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增出一约９００ｂｐ的ＭＮ基因片段,将此基因片段成功克隆于高效表达载体ｐＢＶ２２０,构建成重南粒ｐＢＶＭＮ,导入大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α,经温敏诱导,成功地表达了ＭＮ基因。表达产物经ＳＤＳ＿ＰＡＧＥ电泳和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ印迹分析,其分子量约３４ｋＤ,与兔抗ＰＲＲＳＶ高兔血清     

HCV5＇端非编码区cDNA的体外转录

采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）从广东省一例慢性丙型肝炎病人血清中获得丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）５＇端非编码区（５＇ＮＣＲ）３０２ｂｐ的ｃＤＮＡ片段,经补齐和提纯后插入ｐＵＣ１９质粒,获得的重组体ｐＵＮ进行序列测定。将ｐＵＮ的目的基因亚克隆进体外转录载体ｐＳＰＯＲＴＩ多克隆位点的ＥｏｏＲＩ和ＰｓｔＩ切点之间,所得重组体ｐＳＮ线性化后由Ｔ＿７ＲＮＡ多聚酶及ＳＰ６ＲＮＡ多聚酶引导体外转录反应,产物经凝胶电泳及特异引物ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ,证实ＳＰ６引导的是正义ＲＮＡ,Ｔ７合成的是反义ＲＮＡ,其大小分别力４２９ｂｐ和３６２ｂｐ。并证实所得ＲＮＡ力ＨＣＶ５＇ＮＣＲｃＤＮＡ转录而来。获得的ＨＣＶ５＇ＮＣＲｃＤＮＡ和ＲＮＡ在常规逆转录和ＰＣＲ步骤中用于设立有效的模板对照,对消除假用性及评估试剂有重要意义。同时,ＨＣＶ５＇ＮＣＲ体外转录载体的构建可用于制各ＲＮＡ探针和反义ＲＮＡ,改进后还可作为定量ＰＣＲ的竞争性模板。     

抗原捕获聚合酶链式反应（AC－PCR）直接分型检测单纯疱疹病毒

用抗单纯疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）型共同性ｇＣ和ｇＤ羊克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）,包被即Ｅｐｐｅｎｄｏｒｆ管,捕捉ＨＳＶ,同时加入３个引物：一个是ＨＳＶ─１／ＨＳＶ─２型共同性上游引物,另两个分别是ＨＳＶ─１和ＨＳＶ─２型特异性下游引物。借此建立了能直接分型检测ＨＳＶ的抗原捕获聚合酶链式反应（ＡＣ─ＰＣＲ）。ＨＳＶ─１的扩增产物为４７７ｂｐ,ＨＳＶ─２的为３９９ｂｐ两型病毒经ＡＣ─ＰＣＲ扩增后产生分子量不同的ＤＮＡ片段,致使ＡＣ─ＰＣＲ能直接分型检测ＨＳＶ。ＨＳＶ─１和ＨＳＶ─２扩增产物的克隆和序列分析表明,本方法特异性好。用本法检测Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ幼鼠中枢神经系统ＨＳＶ感染的脑标本,进一步证实本方法不仅敏感、特异,而且分型准确。     

从中国病人克隆丙型肝炎病毒基因组C区基因及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

本文通过逆转录（ＲＴ）－聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）,从两份分别来自湖南省娄底地区丙型肝炎病人和河北省秦皇岛市职业献血员丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）ＲＮＡ打点杂交阳性的血清中,扩增并克隆到１段５６３ｂｐ的ＨＣＶ基因组Ｃ区抗原基因Ｃ２６９／８３１,并通过ＰＣＲ得到了３个表达片段Ｃ８３１、Ｃ８０１和Ｃ５８７。测定Ｃ２６９／８３１基因的全序列后发现,中国人ＨＣＶ湖南分离株与ＨＣＶ－Ⅰ型株ＨＣＶ－ＵＳ和Ⅱ型株ＨＣＶ－ＢＫ在该基因区段的核苷酸／氨基酸序列的同源性,分别为９０．３％／９４．６％和９５．２％／９４．６％。利用原核高效表达载体ｐＢＶ２２０在大肠杆菌中有效地表达了非融合的Ｃ区抗原基因重组蛋白ＣＬ、ＣＭ和ＣＳ。通过免疫筛选法及Ｗｅｓｔｅｍ印迹法对约占菌体可溶性蛋白１１％的表达产物进行了鉴定。采用ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００和盐析处理表达产物,再进行离子交换层析纯化,得到可用于检测ＨＣＶ血清抗体的核壳蛋白（Ｃ）抗原。通过不同分子量抗原的表达,发现由Ｃ区Ｎ端８９个氨基酸组成的多肽ＣＳ其抗原性与由１５８或１６８个氨基酸组成的多肽ＣＭ或ＣＬ相同,但抗原的稳定性和表达量显著优于后两种抗原。本研究为研制ＨＣＶ抗体诊断试剂盒奠定了重要基础。     

用DD—PCR法克隆AVP4—8诱导的鼠脑差异表达基因

精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）Ｃ端片段ＡＶＰ４－８,具有增强记忆的功能,它在大鼠脑内引发一系列的生理和生化变化。采用差示ＰＣＲ（ＤＤ－ＰＣＲ）技术,寻找注射ＡＶＰ４－８前后在大鼠海马中差异表达的基因。抽提总ＲＮＡ,以反转录产生的ｃＤＮＡ为模板进行ＰＣＲ,经过９组引物组合,获得了十几个差异片段,挑选其中差异最大的片段ｄｄｌ进行克隆,测序,并与Ｇｅｎｅｄａｎｋ等数据进行同源比较 有找到同源基因,可能是个新基因     

High-level expression of pig liver thioltransferase (glutaredoxin) in Escherichia coli

We report the first high-level expression of a mammalian thioltransferase (glutaredoxin) in Escherichia coli. A NcoI site (CCATGG) was introduced into the cDNA encoding pig liver thioltransferase (glutaredoxin) by site-directed mutagenesis, in which the first G of the original sequence, GCATGG, was replaced by a C. The altered cDNA was cloned into an expression vector, plasmid pKK233-2, between the unique NcoI and HindIII sites and expressed in E. coli JM105 at a high level (8% of total soluble protein) after 6 h of isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside induction. The soluble and unfused product was measured by the thiol-transferase thiol-disulfide exchange assay and immunoblotting analysis. The recombinant enzyme was purified to a single band as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The amino acid composition of the expressed enzyme agreed with that of the known sequence of pig liver thioltransferase (glutaredoxin). N-terminal sequence analysis revealed that unlike the native pig liver protein which is N-acetylated, the recombinant enzyme was unblocked at the N terminus (alanine). Various kinetic properties of the recombinant enzyme with regard to the exchange reaction were identical with those of the native enzyme.     

人分泌型磷脂酶A2(hsPLA2-IIA)基因的克隆、表达及活性鉴定

目的为了构建人分泌型磷脂酶A2(secretaryphospholipaseA2,sPLA2-IIA)的有效表达系统,从胎脾中提取总RNA。方法采用RT-PCR方法扩增出编码sPLA2-IIA的基因定向地克隆于硫氧环蛋白基因融合表达载体pET32a的TrxA基因3′末端,构建符合读码框的融合表达载体pET32a-sPLA2-IIA。37℃下经IPTG诱导,hsPLA2-IIA融合蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得高效表达,表达产物以包涵体的形式存在。包涵体经8mol/L尿素溶解、复性后检测结果显示具有较高的催化活性并呈现剂量依赖关系。结论以大肠杆菌为宿主,成功表达了hsPLA2-IIA蛋白,为进一步进行hsPLA2-IIA的大量生产和功能研究奠定了基础。     

人分泌型磷脂酶A2(hsPLA2-IIA)基因的克隆、表达及活性鉴定

目的 为了构建人分泌型磷脂酶A2(secretary phospholipase A2, sPLA2-IIA) 的有效表达系统,本文从胎脾中提取总RNA,采用RT-PCR方法扩增出编码sPLA2-IIA的基因定向地克隆于硫氧环蛋白基因融合表达载体pET32a的TrxA基因3’末端,构建符合读码框的融合表达载体pET32a-sPLA2-IIA。37℃下经IPTG诱导,hsPLA2-IIA融合蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得高效表达,表达产物以包涵体的形式存在。包涵体经8M尿素溶解、复性后检测结果显示具有较高的催化活性并呈现剂量依赖关系。结论：以大肠杆菌为宿主,成功表达了hsPLA2-IIA蛋白,为进一步进行hsPLA2-IIA的大量生产和功能研究奠定了基础。     

Modification of in vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin by esterase inhibitors.

A shuttle vector that can replicate in both Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia coli has been constructed by joining the E. coli plasmid pACYC184 (chloramphenicol and tetracycline resistance) to the streptococcal plasmid pGB305 (erythromycin resistance). The resulting chimeric plasmid is designated pSA3 (chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline resistance) and has seven unique restriction sites: EcoRI, EcoRV, BamHI, SalI, XbaI, NruI, and SphI. Molecular cloning into the EcoRI or EcoRV site results in inactivation of chloramphenicol resistance, and cloning into the BamHI, SalI, or SphI site results in inactivation of tetracycline resistance in E. coli. pSA3 was transformed and was stable in Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mutans in the presence of erythromycin. We have used pSA3 to construct a library of the S. mutans GS5 genome in E. coli, and expression of surface antigens in this heterologous host has been confirmed with S. mutans antiserum. A previously cloned determinant that specifies streptokinase was subcloned into pSA3, and this recombinant plasmid was stable in the presence of a selective pressure and expressed streptokinase activity in E. coli, S. sanguis (Challis), and S. mutans.     

Expression of soybean glycinin subunit precursor cDNAs in Escherichia coli

As the cDNAs encoding A1aB1b and A2B1a subunit precursors of the glycinin A2 subfamily contain a unique NcoI site sequence, (A)CCATGG, occurring at their translation initiation sites, plasmids were constructed to direct the synthesis of those precursor proteins by inserting NcoI/PstI fragments derived from those cDNA clones into the NcoI/PstI-pKK233-2 expression vector in Escherichia coli MV1190, respectively. The resultant plasmids directed the expression of 57-kDa protein components that have molecular masses in agreement with those of the in vitro translation products directed by glycinin A2 subfamily mRNAs, by the addition of isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside. These proteins, which comprised as much as 1% of the total bacterial protein, are immunoprecipitable with rabbit antibodies specific for glycinin subunits. This procedure makes glycinin subunits available as a model for studying structure-function relationships in seed proteins using site-directed mutagenesis. This is the first expression of glycinin-like storage protein in E. coli.     

Cloning of the ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (glgC) and glycogen synthase (glgA) structural genes from Salmonella typhimurium LT2.

The structural genes of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (glgC) and glycogen synthase (glgA) from Salmonella typhimurium LT2 were cloned on a 5.8-kilobase-pair insert in the SalI site of pBR322. A single strand specific radioactive probe containing the N terminus of the Escherichia coli K-12 glgC gene in M13mp8 was used to hybridize against a S. typhimurium genomic library in lambda 1059. DNA from a plaque showing a positive hybridization signal was isolated, subcloned into pBR322, and transformed into E. coli K-12 RR1 and E. coli G6MD3 (a mutant with a deletion of the glg genes). Transformants were stained with iodine for the presence of glycogen. E. coli K-12 RR1 transformants stained dark brown, whereas G6MD3 transformants stained greenish yellow, and they both were shown to contain a 5.8-kilobase-pair insert in the SalI site of pBR322, designated pPL301. Enzyme assays of E. coli K-12 G6MD3 harboring pPL301 restored ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase and glycogen synthase activities. The specific activities of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase and glycogen synthase in E. coli K-12 RR1(pPL301) were increased 6- to 7-fold and 13- to 15-fold, respectively. Immunological and kinetic studies showed that the expressed ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase activity in transformed E. coli K-12 G6MD3 cells was very similar to that of the wild-type enzyme.     

人可溶性APRIL基因的克隆、表达及生物学活性检测

为探索人可溶性增殖诱导配体 (sAPRIL)在多种肿瘤细胞的增殖和存活以及促肿瘤形成中的作用 ,用RT PCR从扁桃体总RNA中扩增出人sAPRIL基因 .经克隆测序后进行同源性比较 ,证实所克隆的基因即为sAPRIL .将克隆载体经酶切并构建表达载体 ,在大肠杆菌中表达 ,表达量达4 3 6 % .纯化蛋白后进行3 H TdR参入实验 ,表明sAPRIL有明显促进肿瘤的形成及肿瘤细胞的增殖与存活的作用 .     

猪瘟病毒NS3基因克隆、原核表达及间接ELISA方法初步建立

采用PCR方法从携带猪瘟病毒兔化弱毒(Hog cholera lapinized virus,HCLV)全长基因组cDNA的质粒pPOHCLV中扩增到长度为2000bp左右NS3基因序列,并将其克隆至原核表达载体pET-32a(+),构建成重组原核表达载体pETNS3。将pETNS3在大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)中进行优化表达,SDS-PAGE分析重组蛋白NS3主要以包涵体形式表达,分子大小约95kD。Western Blotting分析表明重组蛋白NS3具有免疫原性。采用Ni+亲和层析方法纯化得到重组蛋白NS3(90%)。以纯化的重组蛋白NS3为抗原初步建立了检测CSFVNS3抗体的间接ELISA方法,检测221份不同猪群和年龄猪的血清样品。检测结果与IDEXX公司CSFV-Ab检测试剂盒检测结果进行对比,阳性符合率为83.33%,阴性符合率为89.38%,总符合率为86.43%。30份存在差异的血清样品用间接免疫荧光法(Indirect immunofluorescence assay,IFA)进行检测,结果显示IFA检测结果与NS3间接ELISA和IDEXX公司CSFV-Ab检测试剂盒符合率分别为56.67%和43.33%。