应用电击法获得转MT基因平菇

将MT基因用电击法转化平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus),MT基因表达蛋白与金属离子结合而形成络合物,用Zn 诱导,转基因平菇能富集Zn,可为缺Zn的人群补充Zn,使平菇成为一种保健和治疗的食品或蔬菜.原生质体制备浓度为6.745×106个/mL.原生质体电击转化率为0.01%.PCR检测,200 bp处有MT基因条带.蛋白检测:转基因MT平菇ELISA检测阳性,表达率为0.6%～0.8%.SDS-PAGE 显示有表达条带.Western blot显示有阳性条带.抗ZnSO4结果:野生型平菇抗ZnSO4浓度为1.0 mmol/L,1.2 mmol/L开始受抑制,转基因平菇抗ZnSO4浓度为1.5 mmol/L, 2.0 mmol/L开始受抑制. 出菇试验结果表明,在米糠与锯沫比为1∶3的培养基上生长,在米糠与锯沫比为1∶4的培养基上不生长.24 d菌丝可在广口瓶中长满,用于子实体培养.     

平菇原生质体制备与再生条件初探

平菇原生质体制备最佳条件是菌丝培养5 d、酶浓度1.5%、pH 5.5、0.6 mol/L甘露醇渗透压稳定剂、酶解温度30℃、酶解时间2 h、OS培养基。原生质体过滤、纯化、稀释后涂布再生培养基,再生率为2.6%。     

转mMT—Ⅰ基因烟草对Cd^2＋的耐受力及其细胞学研究

转小鼠金属硫蛋白 ( m MT- )基因烟草 ( N icotiana tabacum L.;90 0 82 )的 F1和对照株对 Cd2 的抗性有明显差异。在含有不同浓度 Cd2 ( 0～ 1 0 0 μmol/L)的培养基上转基因植物生长正常 ,表现出了对Cd2 的高度抗性。而对照株在 Cd2 2 0 μmol/L的浓度下即受到毒害。转基因株中 Cd2 总量及结合态和游离态 Cd2 含量、根的生长速率、细胞分裂指数均明显高于对照 ,而染色体畸变率则明显低于对照株。Southern blot、Western blot、Cd2 含量的原子吸收测定、镉 /血红蛋白饱和法分析 m MT含量表达的结果证明 :转基因株对 Cd2 的高度抗性是 m MT- 基因表达的结果。在不含 Cd2 的培养基上转基因株和对照株均未发现 MT的表达 ,而在含 Cd2 1 0 0μmol/L的培养基上只有转基因株的根与叶检测到 MT的表达。     

金属离子对酵母胞内核黄素产量的影响

研究了金属离子对脆壁酵母 (Saccharomycesefragilis)RY 5胞内核黄素积累的影响 ,运用均匀设计方法进行了培养基优化。结果表明 :Mg2 + ,Zn2 + ,Fe2 + 对RY 5的核黄素产量有着显著影响 ,培养基中金属离子的最佳浓度为 :MgSO4·7H2 O 1 .1g/L ;CoSO4·7H2 O 2 8mg/L ;CuSO4·5H2 O 0 .0 1mg/L ;MnCl2 0 .0 2mg/L ;ZnSO4·7H2 O 3 4mg/L ;FeSO4·7H2 O 1 4mg/L ,RY 5的核黄素产量可达 1 40mg/kg。     

硒元素对平菇菌丝体GSH-Px、SOD及MDA的影响

于培养基中加入一定量的亚硒酸钠溶液 ,分别测定了 2个品种平菇菌丝体内GSH Px、SOD活性及MDA含量。结果表明 :3 0、60mg/L组菌丝体内GSH Px、SOD活性极显著升高 (P <0 .0 1 )而MDA含量明显降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,随着硒水平的升高 ,GSH Px、SOD活性呈下降趋势而MDA含量则显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。因此 ,在培养富硒平菇菌丝体时应适当考虑培养基的硒浓度。     

Mixture与响应面法结合开发BHK-21细胞无血清悬浮培养基

采用Mixture与响应面实验设计相结合的方法开发BHK-21细胞无血清悬浮培养基。在实验室已知配方的6种培养基A-F的基础上,通过Mixture实验筛选出BHK-21细胞无血清培养基的最优组合为A∶B∶C∶D∶E∶F=0∶0∶11∶0∶9∶0。利用响应面法针对培养基中的几种关键组分进行浓度优化,确定谷氨酰胺、酪氨酸、牛血清白蛋白和钙离子的最优浓度分别为3 mmol/L、2.5 g/L、0 g/L和0 mmol/L。该无血清悬浮培养基能很好地支持BHK细胞悬浮生长,培养时细胞最大活细胞密度可达140.21×105个/m L,比商业培养基提高了1.95倍。采用Mixture试验设计和响应面分析法能够在较短的时间内开发出适合BHK-21细胞生长的无血清悬浮培养基,为采用BHK-21细胞大规模工业化生产口蹄疫疫苗奠定了基础。     

转金属硫蛋白基因(MT_1)烟草耐NaCl胁迫能力

为明确柽柳(Tamarix sp.)金属硫蛋白(MT1)基因过量表达对提高植物耐NaCl能力的作用,对转MT1因烟草进行分子检测和生理特性分析,结果表明具有卡那霉素抗性的转基因植株经RT-PCR Southern杂交均表现为阳性,说明外源MT1基因已整合到烟草基因组,并且得到了表达。金属硫蛋白基因的过量表达提高了转基因烟草植株的耐NaCl能力,表现为在含有150mmol/L和300mmol/L NaCl的MS培养基上,转基因植株的株高和鲜重均明显优于非转基因株系;在生理性状上表现为转基因植株丙二醛(MDA)含量明显低于非转基因株系,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性比非转基因株系明显增加。     

介质钙离子对白芷悬浮培养细胞及其原生质体增殖的影响

本工作首先利用《复杂络合平衡体系》计算并配制了对自由钙离子浓度具有络合平衡缓冲能力的MS液体培养基,并用电极法验证了其可靠性。在精确控制Ca~(2 )浓度条件下,利用计数法和~3H-TdR标记DNA合成的方法系统研究了不同钙离子浓度对白芷悬浮细胞及原生质体细胞增殖的影响。原生质体第一次细胞分裂所需Ca~(2 )浓度(10mmol/L)比细胞增殖所需Ca~(2 )浓度(1mmol/L)为高;不同钙离子浓度对原生质体壁再生、活力及第一次细胞分裂的作用也不一样,壁再生所需最适Ca~(2 )浓度为50mmol/L,原生质体存活以及第一次细胞分裂所需最适Ca~(2 )浓度为5—10 mmol/L,当Ca~(2 )浓度小于10~(-4)mol/L时细胞及原生质体的增殖受到很大程度的抑制,细胞死亡数目较多。结果表明介质钙离子浓度与细胞及原生质的增殖密切相关。     

小球藻和莱茵衣藻原生质体的电转化研究

以小球藻及莱茵衣藻原生质体为受体细胞,利用电击法将质粒p CAMBIA1301转入小球藻和莱茵衣藻,摸索电击转化条件并进行分子检测。结果表明:两类藻都对潮霉素敏感,小球藻及莱茵衣藻分别在含25 mg/L和100 mg/L潮霉素的固体培养基上的生长被完全抑制;小球藻和莱茵衣藻原生质体电击转化的最佳电击场强分别为0.8 k V/cm和0.6 k V/cm,最佳脉冲时间均为10 ms;制备原生质体和通过2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖处理可明显提高转化效率;分子检测说明GUS报告基因成功转入两种藻并可稳定遗传。     

6-BA对平菇和香菇菌丝体两种同工酶的影响

通过在平菇、香菇的马铃薯液体培养基中添加不同浓度的 6 BA(6 苄基腺嘌呤 ) ,应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳技术 ,探讨了 6 BA对平菇、香菇菌丝体酯酶 (EST)和过氧化物酶 (PER) 2种同工酶的影响。结果显示 ,6 BA浓度在 5 g/L培养液和 15 g/L培养液时分别诱导出平菇、香菇菌丝体中各 1条新的酯酶同工酶带产生 ,不同的 6 BA浓度对平菇、香菇菌丝体其余的酯酶同工酶带强度也有影响 ;6 BA不能诱导平菇和香菇菌丝体中新的过氧化物酶同工酶产生 ,但在浓度为 15 g/L培养液时可使PER同工酶带增强 ;6 BA对平菇和香菇菌丝体中EST ,PER2种同工酶的Rf值没有影响。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

棉铃虫钙粘蛋白N端多肽多克隆抗体制备及对Bt抗性的初步检测

用重组表达的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽片段制备兔多克隆抗体,并利用其对Bt抗性进行鉴定。通过RT-PCR方法对棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽的基因片段Cad285进行PCR扩增,将其克隆到pET-30a原核表达载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达,得到35ku的重组融和蛋白,融合表达的包涵体经过变性、Ni-NTA柱亲和纯化、复性等方法处理包涵体,获得可溶性纯化蛋白,用纯化后蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备多克隆抗体,ELISA检测其效价高于1∶16000;利用最终获得的多克隆抗体对室内纯合Bt抗/感品系的棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白进行Western blot分析,结果显示敏感和抗性品系之间有明显差异,表明其能够应用对Bt抗性进行初步检测。