麦迪霉素产生菌具有启动功能的DNA片段的克隆和分析

利用启动子探针质粒载体pIJ486从麦迪霉素产生菌总DNA中克隆得到了一段具有启动功能的DNA片段.通过限制性酶酶切分析,测定插入DNA片段大小为2.3kb.又利用载体pIJ486和pIJ487的新霉素抗性结构基因上游有多酶切点方向相反的性质,分析了插入片段在两个不同方向上的启动能力.结果表明,在两个方向上均有启动功能,但强弱相差六倍.其中在XbaI-HindIII方向上具有较强的启动能力,在变铅青链霉菌中新霉素抗性水平可达20mg/ml以上.进一步对插入片段的三个BamHI小片段进行分析的结果表明,较强启动子区域集中在BamHI-BamHI 0.79kb DNA片段上.     

棒杆菌启动子片段的酶谱分析及定位

用大肠杆菌启动子探测质粒pSDS I (Ap^r,Tc^s)从钝齿棒杆菌(Corynebacterium crenatum)6282染色体的HindⅢ酶切片段中,克隆到两个具有启动功能的DNA片段,分别将两个重组质粒命名为pSDB5和pSDB21。含有这两个质粒的菌株均可以在含300μg/ml Tc的平板上生长。通过酶切分析,pSDB5的插入片段为1.6kb,pSDB21的插入片段为3.4kb,并分别作出了它们的限制性酶切图谱。对pSDB21利用其EcoR Ⅰ和BglⅡ位点,通过亚克隆删除了与启动功能无关片段,构建成pSDB210和pSDB211,从而使启动子定位于约0.1kb的BglⅡ/HindⅢ外源片段上。分子杂交实验证明所得到的这两个具有启动功能的DNA片段确实来源于钝齿棒杆菌6282的染色体DNA。     

谷氨酸棒状杆菌启动子在枯草芽孢杆菌中的克隆及其序列分析

利用枯草芽孢杆菌启动子探针质粒pPL 603为载体,从谷氨酸棒状杆菌1014—6染色体DNA上克隆到一个有较强启动功能的DNA片段。生物素标记的DNA—DNA分子杂交实验证明该片段确实来自谷氨酸棒状杆菌1014—6染色体DNA。在绘制该片段限制酶酶切图谱的基础上,经另一个启动子探针质粒pPL 703的亚克隆,将其启动子功能区定位在Bamm酶切片段中。对后者进行了核苷酸序列分析,发现它具有棒状杆菌类启动子的－35区和－10医序列。     

菠菜叶绿体DNA 4.1 kb的SalⅠ片段的克隆

利用pBR 322衍生质粒DNA为载体,将菠菜叶绿体DNA的SalⅠ限制性片段插入质粒的Sal Ⅰ位点,获得52个含重组质粒的菌落(Ap~rTc~5)。并对每个克隆的质粒进行限制性内切酶分析,通过Southern吸印与探针杂交,证明了重组质粒pSS104含有的插入DNA是菠菜叶绿体DNA 4.1kb的SalⅠ片段。迄今在该片段尚未定位任何已知的叶绿体基因,用大肠杆菌的活体系统也未能发现这段DNA的转录产物,本文对此进行了讨论。     

盐生盐杆菌DNA片段RM07的-35、-10区缺失分析*

RM0 7DNA片段分离自嗜盐古菌———盐生盐杆菌R1 ,该片段不仅在嗜盐古菌内具有启动子功能 ,而且在大肠杆菌中也具有启动子活性。序列分析表明其上确实含有细菌启动子的 35、 1 0保守区。进一步通过缺失分析证实该片段就是在大肠杆菌中具启动功能的DNA片段 :仅含 1 0区而缺失 35区的RM0 7a片段基本上无启动活性 ;而含 35和 1 0区的0 1kb片段RM0 7b具有高于RM0 7的启动活性。研究结果还表明 ,RM0 7片段在大肠杆菌中的启动活性是受环境因素调节的 ,尤其是对氯化钠浓度的提高具     

蚕豆叶绿体DNA BamH I克隆库的构建及含16S-25S rRNA基因克隆的分析

蚕豆叶绿体DNA(ct—DNA)经BamH I酶切产生26个片段,最大的为14．00kb,最小的为0．42kb。本文以pBR322为载体,E．Coli HB101为受体菌,采用标准分子克隆法构建了蚕豆ct—DNA BamH I克隆库,并从库中分离得到含叶绿体rRNA基因的克隆。32P标记的E．Coil 16S、23S rRNA能和蚕豆ct—DNA BamH I第6(B₆,5．65kb)和第9(B₉,4．70kb)个片段杂交,含有这二个片段的克隆分别命名为pVFB32和pVFBl6。利用几种限制性内切酶酶切和Southern印迹法构建了pVFBl6的物理图谱。pVFBl6电镜下观察到有一变性环(A—T丰富区),经Hind I酶切,电镜观察定位此A—T丰富区位于16S和23S rRNA基因的间隔顺序内,推测该环可能与DNA复制有关。     

盐生盐杆菌DNA 片段RM07的-35、-10区缺失分析

RM07DNA片段分离自嗜盐古菌——盐生盐杆菌R1,该片段不仅在嗜盐古菌内具有启动子功能,而且在大肠杆菌中也具有启动子活性。序列分析表明其上确实含有细菌启动子的-35、-10保守区。进一步通过缺失分析证实该片段就是在大肠杆菌中具启动功能的DNA片段：仅含-10区而缺失-35区的RM07a片段基本上无启动活性;而含-35和-10区的0．1kb片段RM07b具有高于RM07的启动活性。研究结果还表明,RM07片段在大肠杆菌中的启动活性是受环境因素调节的,尤其是对氯化钠浓度的提高具有明显的相关性。因此RM07片段有可能成为构建双功能表达载体的新启动子资源,同时对进一步揭示古菌的融合特征及水平基因转移具有特殊意义。     

酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)基因启动子的分离和鉴定

用启动子探针型载体pFR109从酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)总DNA中克隆到多个启动子片段,它们在大肠杆菌中均能启动β-半乳糖苷酶基因的表达。对其中Y8片段的进一步分析结果表明:该片段不仅来自酿酒酵母基因组,而且是以多拷贝的形式存在。当Y8片段再次转入供体酵母时,它仍能启动β-半乳糖苷酶基因表达,但经次克隆去掉Y8片段5′端部分顺序后,它就失去了启动子的功能。     

谷氨酸棒杆菌10147基因组中启动子活性片段的克隆与分析

摘要：【目的】获得谷氨酸棒杆菌10147基因组中具有启动子活性片段的结构序列,为构建表达载体做准备。【方法】利用启动子探测载体pAKC6,采用鸟枪法克隆经过限制性内切酶Sau3A I完全酶切的谷氨酸棒杆菌10147染色体DNA片段,并测定pAKC6上报告基因编码的氯霉素乙酰转移酶（CAT）的比活力,以筛选有启动子功能的片段。【结果】共克隆到30个具有启动子功能的片段。其中有三个插入片段起动的氯霉素乙酰转移酶比活力大于24 U/mg,插入片段F57起动的CAT比活力为32.50 U/mg;而插入有启动子Ptrc的阳性对照的CAT比活力为26.33 U/mg。【结论】获得三个DNA插入片段具有与已知启动子Ptrc相当的启动活性,这些片段可以用于构建谷氨酸棒杆菌表达载体。     

在枯草杆菌中有启动子功能的噬菌体T5 DNA片段的克隆

用启动子探针质粒pTG 402为载体,用鸟枪射击法克隆了噬菌体T5 DNA的片段。克隆中的2％含有具启动子功能的插入片段,其中pTG 402-20含有启动功能最强的插入片段。DNA-DNA分子杂交实验结果表明,pTG 402-20的插入片段能与T5 DNA Hind Ⅲ酶切的G和B片段杂交。这个插入片段的大小约为0.84kb。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.