中国首例输入性中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒结构基因与附属基因的序列分析

针对中国首例实验室确诊输入性MERS-CoV感染病例,采用鼻咽拭子样品进行核酸提取、基因扩增与测序,获得MERS-CoV_ChinaGD01结构蛋白与附属蛋白编码基因,包括S基因、E基因、M基因、N基因、ORF3、ORF4a、ORF4b、ORF5和ORF8b基因序列。根据S基因进化分析发现中国输入性病例中MERS-CoV虽有少数位点变异,但仍与近年沙特流行株相近,属于MERS-CoV亚型5,N、E、M等结构基因核苷酸变异较少。附属蛋白进化分析表明:ORF3、ORF4a、ORF4b、ORF5均有一定的核苷酸替换,而ORF8b相对保守。总之,中国首例输入性MERSCoV与已发表序列相比总体表现为保守,但在部分基因序列上有一定的变异。这是中国首例输入性MERS-CoV的第一次基因分析结果报道,可为该MERS-CoV感染特点的进一步研究及相关疾病的防控提供参考。     

草鱼呼肠孤病毒HZ08株S4基因序列分析

草鱼呼肠孤病毒HZ08株是本实验室从患出血病草鱼体内分离到的一个新毒株,已完成部分基因序列的分析,其氨基酸序列的同源性和873株相比,仅为20%~30%之间.因序列差异较大,无法通过设计特异性引物来扩增和分析其基因序列,采用单引物扩增技术,对HZ08株S4基因进行序列分析表明:S4全长为2263 bp,最大的ORF编码717个氨基酸,推导出其表达的蛋白约为79 kDa.正如其他基因节段,基因末端也含有保守碱基序列5′(GUAAUUU…UUCAUC),3′.S4基因推导的氨基酸序列与同宿主的其他呼肠孤病毒的非结构蛋白NS1同源性最大,其次是和哺乳动物正呼肠孤病毒的非结构蛋白mu-NS以及禽呼肠孤病毒非结构蛋白NS1同源性较大,表明S4可能表达细胞骨架相关蛋白.基于S4推导出的氨基酸序列构建的系统进化树HZ08株单独作为一个分支,与同宿主的其他呼肠孤病毒亲缘关系比较近,而与其他呼肠孤病毒则相对较远.这提示HZ08株可能是多个毒株的遗传信息经长期的遗传进化而得,综合其它已知序列信息,推测HZ08株可能为呼肠孤病毒的一个新成员.     

SARS冠状病毒非结构蛋白Nsp的原核表达

严重急性呼吸综合征病毒,即SARS冠状病毒((Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus,SARS-CoV),为具有囊膜的单股正链RNA病毒,基因组约长29~31kb。基因组从5'到3'端依次编码复制酶蛋白(Rep)、刺突蛋白(S)、囊膜蛋白(E)、膜蛋白(M)和核蛋白(N)以及其他一些辅助性蛋白[1]。编码复制酶蛋白的基因,从基因组5'端起约占全长的2/3区域(≈21.2kb),在该区域的nt13392-13398存在保守的UUUAAAC位点,此位点含有-1位的核糖体翻译移框(frameshift),可引发自单一起始位点的蛋白翻译扩展,即由ORF1a编码的Pp1a(约486kDa)扩展为由ORF1b编…     

新型冠状病毒基因组结构与蛋白功能

2019年12月以来,武汉市暴发新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情并迅速蔓延全国,2020年1月30日被世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)列为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”(public health emergency of international concern,PHEIC)。核酸序列分析证明COVID-19由新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus,2019-nCoV)引起。2019-nCoV为正链单链RNA病毒,基因组长约30 kb,两端为非编码区,中间为非结构蛋白编码区和结构蛋白编码区。非结构蛋白编码区主要包括开放读码框架(open reading frame,ORF)1a和ORF1b基因,编码16个非结构蛋白(non-structural proteins,NSP),即NSP1～16。结构蛋白编码区主要编码刺突(spike,S)蛋白、包膜(envelope,E)蛋白、膜(membrane,M)蛋白和核衣壳(nucleocapsid,N)蛋白。深入了解2019-nCoV基因组的结构和蛋白功能,将为2019-nCoV相关的病毒溯源、复制增殖、致病免疫、药物与疫苗研发以及当前疫情的防控提供有力的支撑。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异株全基因组序列分析

为了明确传染性性支气管炎病毒(Infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)分离株CK/CH/SD09/005的分子特征,以进一步丰富国内IBV的分子流行病学信息。本研究设计了25对引物对其全基因组进行了序列测定,并与参考株进行了同源性比较和S1基因遗传进化分析。结果显示CK/CH/SD09/005基因组为27 691bp(不包括5′端Cap和3′端Poly A)。全基因组同源性比对发现,CK/CH/SD09/005仅与GenBank中广西2009年分离株GX-NN09032各基因高度同源(97%~99%)。除GX-NN09032外,CK/CH/SD09/005基因组5′端复制酶基因(Gene 1)和3′端非转录区(Untranslated region,UTR)与2个QX基因型参考株ck/CH/LDL/091022和SDIB821/2012同源性最高,分别为97%和98%,但是3′端结构蛋白和非结构蛋白基因(S-3a-3b-3c/E-M-5a-5b-N)与这两个毒株同源性较低,仅为72%~90%。其ORF3c/E、5a、5b和N分别与韩国分离株1011、国内分离株CK/CH/LXJ/02I、DK/CH/HN/ZZ2004和YX10同源性最高,分别为97%、96%、99%和96%,而其ORF3a、3b和M与参考株同源性均低于90%。S1基因遗传进化分析发现,CK/CH/SD09/005和国内外39个参考株形成7个进化分支(基因型),CK/CH/SD09/005和2007以来几个分离株属于基因Ⅳ型,与其它6个基因型参考株S1和S2基因同源性为66%~69%和72%~81%,S1基因不仅表现广泛性点突变,而且有多处碱基插入和缺失,S2仅表现点突变。本研究结果表明CK/CH/SD09/005是一个变异株,可能是QX基因型IBV流行株与其它毒株重组进化而来,此外还涉及基因突变、插入和缺失等多种变异机制。     

鸡传染性支气管炎中国地方分离毒株LX4mRNA1ORF1的遗传变异特征

应用RT-PCR方法扩增了冠状病毒鸡传染性支气管炎中国分离毒株LX4的mRNA1 ORF1,并将其进行了克隆、序列测定和分析.表明LX4mRNA1基因包含2个ORF,其中ORF1a由11 916个核苷酸组成,编码一条3 971个氨基酸残基组成的多肽.ORF1b由7 950个核苷酸组成,编码2 649个氨基酸残基组成的多肽.与美国Beaudette株对应的ORF1a核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列同源性均为85%,与对应的ORF1b的同源性分别为89%和95%.二者ORF1a和ORF1b重叠区推测的"滑脱序列"(slippery sequence)核苷酸序列一致,"假结"(pseudoknot)基本结构相似.不同之处在于"假结"第2环中LX4的第7位为A,而Beaudette株在该位置为G.与Beaudette株比较,LX4 ORF1a核苷酸变异最频繁的区域集中在第2 656～3 098位碱基处,且在该区域有60个碱基的插入,导致推导的氨基酸序列插入了20个氨基酸残基.LX4 ORF1b序列缺失9个核苷酸,主要集中在第5 168～5 181位之间,导致对应的氨基酸缺失3个.但这些差异是否与病毒的生物学特性有关不明.     

锦鲤疱疹病毒丹东株ORF83基因克隆及生物信息学分析

锦鲤疱疹病毒病是具有高致病性、传染性的疾病,对渔业生产造成巨大的危害。为了研究锦鲤疱疹病毒衣壳蛋白ORF83的结构和功能,本研究采集感染锦鲤疱疹病毒活鱼样品,经DNAStar软件预测分析、DNA提取,PCR扩增、重组质粒构建等步骤成功克隆到ORF83(1)和ORF83(2)基因。应用生物信息学分析蛋白结构与功能,并构建系统进化树。结果显示,两蛋白均能编码前体蛋白,均由α螺旋、β折叠、无规则卷曲组成,均有4个跨膜区域;抗原性较好;但不含保守结构域;ORF83(1)N端11个氨基酸序列为信号肽序列;ORF83(2)N端33个氨基酸序列为信号肽序列;ORF83(1)氨基酸序列存在1个潜在的N-糖基化位点、ORF83(2)氨基酸序列存在3个潜在的N-糖基化位点,两蛋白均潜在13个磷酸化位点,无潜在的O-糖基化位点;系统进化树分析表明,KHV-DD ORF83与美国株、以色列株、日本株均具有同源性。通过研究表明,本研究成功克隆到ORF83基因,并对其结构和功能进行分析,获得重要的生物信息学数据,为进一步研究锦鲤疱疹病毒发病机制和疱疹病毒抗体制备等提供了理论基础。     

利用DNA Shuffling技术构建重组PRRSV ORF5基因

通过DNA shuffling技术对PRRSV ORF5基因进行改组,研究其对异源毒株交叉中和能力。将获得的嵌合基因△2ORF5与载体pET-32a连接,转化到大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21中,经诱导表达获得约42 kDa重组蛋白。将纯化的重组△2ORF5蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备多克隆抗体,Western blotting试验表明其与4株亲本毒株重组ORF5蛋白具有良好的反应性。病毒感染抑制试验结果表明,多克隆抗体对4株亲本毒株具有较高的抑制率(53%)。研究结果为研制新型PRRSV疫苗奠定了基础。     

戊型肝炎病毒基因 ORF3编码蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达及鉴定

实验以两种不同的表达策略构建了两个以大肠杆菌DE3为宿主的原核表达载体,由T7启动子启动外源基因的转录,在诱导剂IPTG诱导下成功地进行了戊肝病毒ORF3蛋白的原核表达。并通过SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、免疫印迹、竞争抑制法酶联免疫等一系列实验对两种表达产物进行了鉴定和分析。综合分析两种表达结果发现,在融合型表达中ORF3蛋白与其融合标签蛋白(谷胱甘肽S一转移酶)之间存在免疫交叉反应,而且这种融合标签蛋白在空间结构上可能对ORF3蛋白中的抗体结合位点有掩盖作用。     

浙江地区呼吸道合胞病毒G基因分子特征分析

收集2004年冬季浙江省儿童医院呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽吸引物,进行呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)分离,对分离株用特异性RT-PCR鉴定;对鉴定阳性的RSV毒株进行G蛋白全基因序列测定,并与RSV国际标准株及各地参考株的G蛋白基因序列进行同源性比较并构建基因进化树。结果表明,在4株RSV浙江分离株中,3株G蛋白基因ORF全长897bp,另1株为894bp;各分离株之间的核苷酸与氨基酸同源性分别为98.05%、97.06%;与A型RSV标准株的核酸同源性为95.69%,与B型RSV标准株的同源性为78.79%;其3’端基因高变区核苷酸序列与RSVGA2亚型的同源性最高。提示2004年冬季浙江省RSV流行株属于RSVGA2亚型。     

Comparison of the Amino Acid Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Peplomer,Integral Membrane and Nucleocapsid Proteins of Feline,Canine and Porcine Coronaviruses

Complete nucleotide sequences were determined by cDNA cloning of peplomer (S), integral membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) genes of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) type I strain KU-2, UCD1 and Black, and feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) type II strain 79–1683. Only M and N genes were analyzed in strain KU-2 and strain 79–1683, which still had unknown nucleotide sequences. Deduced amino acid sequences of S, M and N proteins were compared in a total of 7 strains of coronaviruses, which included FIPV type II strain 79–1146, canine coronavirus (CCV) strain Insavc-1 and transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine (TGEV) strain Purdue. Comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of M and N proteins revealed that both M and N proteins had an identity of at least 90% between FIPV type I and type II. The phylogenetic tree of the M and N protein-deduced amino acid sequences showed that FIPV type I and type II form a group with FECV type II, and that these viruses were evolutionarily distant from CCV and TGEV. On the other hand, when the S protein-deduced amino acid sequences was compared, identity of only about 45% was found between FIPV type I and type II. The phylogenetic tree of the S protein-deduced amino acid sequences indicated that three strains of FIPV type I form a group, and that it is a very long distance from the FIPV type II, FECV type II, CCV and TGEV groups.     

Sequence Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis Flagellin (H Antigen) Protein at the Intra-H Serotype Level

In Bacillus thuringiensis, the hag gene encodes flagellin, the protein responsible for eliciting the immunological reaction in H serotyping. Specific flagellin amino acid sequences have been correlated to specific B. thuringiensis H serotypes, H1 to H67. Ten H serotypes, however, contain three or more antigenic subfactors, labeled a, b, c, d, or e, and have been subdivided into 23 serovars. In the present study, we set out to analyze the sequence diversity of flagellins among serovars from the same H serotypes. We studied the hag genes in 39 B. thuringiensis strains representing the 23 serovars from the 10 H serotypes mentioned above. A serovar and a biovar from an 11th H serotype were also included. The hag genes were amplified and cloned and their nucleotide sequences were determined and translated into amino acid sequences, or the sequences were retrieved directly from GenBank when available. Strains of the H3 serotype contained two or three copies of the fla gene, an ortholog of the hag gene. Strains of the H6 serotype contained three copies. Strains of all other H serotypes each contained a single copy of the hag gene. Alignments of amino acid sequences from all copies in all strains of the H3 serotype revealed short signature sequences, GGAG and SGG, GPDPDDAVKNLT, and DITTTK, that appeared to be specific to the H3c, H3d, and H3e antigenic subfactors, respectively. Similar short signature sequences, GDIT, AFIK, TSAGKA, and SAPSKG, were revealed for H8b, H8c, H20b, and H20c, respectively. Amino acid sequences in the flagellin central variable region were highly conserved among serovars of the H3, H5, H11, and H20 serotypes and much more divergent among serovars of the H4, H10, H18, H24, and H28 serotypes. Two bootstrapped neighbor-joining trees were respectively generated from the alignments of the amino acid sequences translated from all copies of the hag genes in the B. thuringiensis strains of the H3 and H6 serotypes. Sequence identities and relationships were revealed. A third bootstrapped neighbor-joining tree was generated, this one from the alignment of the flagellin amino acid sequences from all the B. thuringiensis strains in the study. Eight clusters, I to VIII, were revealed. Although most clusters contained strains and serovars from the same H serotype, clusters VII and VIII contained serovars from different H serotypes.     

黄河裸裂尻鱼细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ亚基基因的克隆及序列特征分析

采用RT-PCR技术克隆获得了黄河裸裂尻鱼(Schizopygopsis pylzovi)CO Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ基因的编码序列,并对此进行了初步分析.结果表明,黄河裸裂尻鱼CO I基因全长为1 551 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)由基因全长组成,编码516个氨基酸;COⅡ基因全长为691 bp,开放阅读框为690 bp,编码2...     

苏云金杆菌毒素调控基因plcR的特性与表达

根据蜡状芽胞杆菌plcR基因和papR基因序列设计特异引物,对6个Bt菌株（WB1、WB7、WB9、HD98、8010、8311）及5个Bc菌株（6A1、6A2、6A3、6A4、6S1）进行了PCR检测.结果显示,3个Bt菌株及4个Bc菌株含有plcR-papR基因.克隆了Bt8010、Bc6A2和6A3的plcR、papR基因,核苷酸序列分析表明,三个菌株的plcR、papR基因与NCBI数据库中的Bt、Bc及Ba相应序列都有很高的相似性.Bt8010的plcR基因编码框由846个核苷酸组成,可编码282个氨基酸;papR基因的编码框由144个核苷酸组成,可编码48个氨基酸.推导的氨基酸序列分析表明,Bt8010 的PapR有21个氨基酸的信号肽序列,PlcR没有信号肽序列.与Bc6A2、6A3和Bc 569相比,Bt8010 的PlcR和PapR在氨基酸序列上与Bc 相应序列存在相对较大的差异.将plcR-papR基因连接到表达载体pHT304中,并转化至大肠杆菌JM109中成功进行了表达,为研究Bt plcR基因的功能奠定了基础.     

传染性法氏囊病病毒中国强毒株A节段cDNA基因的克隆和序列分析

以来自哈尔滨传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ） 强毒株（Ｈａｒｂｉｎ 毒株,Ｈ） 的基因组ＲＮＡ为模板,用反转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ ＰＣＲ） 的方法得到了其Ａ 节段的全长ｃＤＮＡ 片段,分５＇端（１ ６５９ｂｐ） 和３＇端（１ ４４４ｂｐ） 上下两段分别克隆到ｐＧＥＭＢ○Ｒ － Ｔ 载体上,测定了其核苷酸顺序,在长为３ １０１ ｂｐ 中含有两个阅读框ＯＲＦＡ１ 和ＯＲＦＡ２ ,分别编码１ ０１２ 个氨基酸的前体蛋白（ＶＰ２ － ４ －３） 和１４５ 个氨基酸的ＶＰ５,ＯＲＦＡ１ 和ＯＲＦＡ２ 有部分的重叠。将核苷酸序列及推测出的氨基酸序列与已报道的ＩＢＤＶ 血清Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型毒株的相应序列进行了比较,结果表明：Ｈ 毒株与其它血清Ⅰ型毒株之间,在核苷酸水平上存在２５ｂｐ － ２６７ｂｐ 的差异;在氨基酸水平上存在１７ ～４０ 个氨基酸的差异。在ＶＰ２ － ４ － ３ 内比较显示,Ｈ 毒株与Ｐ２ 、Ｃｕ－ １ 之间氨基酸的差异最小为１ ．７％ ,Ｈ 毒株与ＵＫ６６１ 之间氨基酸的差异最大为３ ．９ ％ 。变异主要发生在ＶＰ２ 的可变区（２０６ － ３５０ 位氨基酸） ,在Ｈ 毒株所特有的１２ 个氨基酸当中,该区就占５ 个,代表１ ．７６ ％ 的变异。ＶＰ４、ＶＰ３ 和ＶＰ５区各有     

Nucleotide sequence analysis of two virulence-associated genes in Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2b and comparison with the same genes in other serotypes important in human disease

The nucleotide sequences of the hly and plc A genes (encoding listeriolysin, a thiol-activated cytolysin and a non-specific phospholipase C, respectively) were determined for two strains of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2b. The deduced amino acid sequences for listeriolysin were identical for the two strains and identical to that of listeriolysin from serotype 4b. The two serotype 1/2b strains differed in one amino acid (histidine vs /asparagine) in the deduced amino acid sequence for phosopholipase C.     

猪Ⅱ型圆环病毒ORF1基因克隆及在E.coli中的表达

猪圆环病毒(porcinecircovirus ,PCV)属圆环病毒科(Circoviridae) ,为单股负链DNA病毒,以滚环方式进行复制,是目前已知的最小的动物病毒之一.PCV有2种基因型即PCV 1和PCV 2 ,两者细胞培养均不引起病变.前者广泛存在于猪源肾细胞中,但并不引起感染猪发病,其基因组为1 75 9bp ;后者首先由Allan等[1 ] 从患断奶猪多系统衰弱综合症(postweaningmultisystemicwastingsyndrome ,PMWS)的猪群中分离到,被证明为PMWS的重要病原.PCV 2主要侵害感染猪的免疫系统[2 ] ,从而诱发猪体的免疫抑制.PCV 2常和呼吸与繁殖障碍综合征病毒(PRRSV)…     

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Viruses Associated with Outbreaks of Severe Diarrhea in Piglets in Jiangxi,China 2013

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is a highly contagious, acute enteric viral disease of swine characterized by vomiting, watery diarrhea, dehydration and death. To identify and characterize the field PEDVs associated with the outbreaks of severe diarrhea in piglets in Jiangxi, 2013, the complete genome sequences of two representative strains of PEDV, designated CH/JX-1/2013 and CH/JX-2/2013, were determined and analyzed. The genome sequences of both emergent Jiangxi PEDV strains, CH/JX-1/2013 and CH/JX-2/2013, were 28,038 nucleotides in length excluding 3’ poly (A) tail. Compared to the PEDV CV777 strain, CH/JX-1/2013 and CH/JX-2/2013 had some unique genetic characteristics in the proximal region of the 5´-UTRs. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomes and the structural proteins revealed that CH/JX-1/2013 and CH/JX-2/2013 had a close relationship with post-2010 Chinese PEDV strains and US strains identified in 2013. The nucleotide identity between the two Jiangxi strains (CH/JX-1/2013 and CH/JX-2/2013) and 30 strains of PEDV identified ante-2010 and post-2010 ranged from 96.3–97.0% and 97.3–99.7%, respectively. Multiple nucleotide and deduced amino acid mutations were observed in the ORF1a/b, S, ORF3, E, M and N genes among the current field PEDV strains when compared to the CV777 strain. Some of the mutations altered the amino acid charge and hydrophilicity, and notably, there was an amino acid substitution in the middle of one neutralizing epitope (L1371I) of the S gene of both CH/JX-1/2013 and CH/JX-2/2013. Taken together, the accumulated genetic variations of the current field PEDV strains might have led to antigenic changes of the viruses, which might confer the less effectiveness or failure of the CV777-based vaccines currently being widely used in Jiangxi, China.