介绍一种显示小型寄生线虫染色体的方法——利用马来丝虫虫卵制备染色体

在利用马来丝虫生殖腺制备染色体的同时,以该雌虫子宫内虫卵为材料,对Imai法加以改动,用来探索制备丝虫染色体的方法,获得较满意的效果。操作步骤如下: 1、将马来丝虫雌虫置于培养液RPMI1640 20％小牛血清(含4μg/ml秋水仙硷)中     

小牛胸腺脱氧核糖核酸的提取和分析

在许多生化工作中,需要一定纯度和保持某些天然性质的脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)。鉴于这个目的,我们以小牛胸腺为材料,对DNA提取和纯化进行了多种方法的摸索,并对产品进行了初步鉴定。实验结果说明,按照确定的方法所获得的DNA符合一般生化工作的要求,这套方法也可供提取其它组织DNA时参考。方法 1.DNA的提取 (1)小牛胸腺染色质的分离详细过程见《小牛胸腺染色质组成分析》一文。 (2)核组蛋白的制备从100克小牛胸腺制备的染色质溶解在1,000毫升1M NaCl溶液     

利用猪血清短期培养人体外周血淋巴细胞的研究

用猪血清代替小牛血清作人体外周血淋巴细胞短期培养,进行染色体分析及淋巴细胞转化的研究。在94例姐妹染色单体差别染色的培养中,培养液分别加入小牛血清与猎血清,细胞有丝分裂指数分别为3.91％和3.78％;21例常规法培养中,分裂指数分别为9.10％和9.21％;5例淋巴细胞转化试验,小牛血清和猪血清培养的转化率分别为69.52％和69.59％;16例阉割后公、母猪血清加入培养基中,细胞分裂指数(SCD法)分别为2.96％和3.14％。以上各项对照试验,均无显著性差异(P>0.05)本研究证实,猪血清可用于人体外周血淋巴细胞短期培养。     

不同时间采集的小牛血清对CHO-C28细胞培养及表达的影响

通过研究小牛血清对CHO-C28细胞培养及HBsAg表达的影响,探讨小牛血清的不同采集时间对血清质量的影响。采集出生后4、8、12h(未进食)小牛的血清,对CHO-C28细胞进行传代、换液培养,并检测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)表达量。结果可见:①在细胞传代4次时,4h采集的血清细胞生长状态良好,8h采集的血清细胞出现明显的衰老,12h采集的血清细胞大面积死亡;②在细胞维持换液方面,4h采集的血清可维持细胞换液25次以上,8h采集的血清可勉强维持20次,12h采集的血清维持细胞换液10次时已大部分死亡;③乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)表达量的检测结果,同批培养上清,4h采集的血清培养细胞表达量最高。可见,小牛出生后采集血清时间越早越好。     

幽门螺旋菌的长期保藏

常规方法保藏幽门螺旋菌极为困难。将该菌新鲜培养物接入补加小牛血清及甘油的布氏肉汤中,于-70℃保藏,可安全保藏5—13个月。     

电泳滴定曲线的制备方法

电泳滴定曲线法是运用第一向等电聚焦,再进行第二向电泳,反映各pH下,各蛋白质组分之间在迁移率上的差异.该法在选择蛋白质分离纯化的最佳条件、离于交换剂的类型等方面已表现出广阔的应用前景.作者制备了小牛血清白蛋白和羊抗兔IgG血清的电泳滴定曲线,取得满意结果.     

培养的小鼠心室肌细胞动作电位的波型分析

本实验自新生昆明小鼠心室分离心肌细胞,用80％MEM+20％小牛血清培养四天,成功地制备了保持在体心室肌细胞电生理特性,并能自发发放快反应动作电位的培养心肌细胞模型;并根据V_(max)的区别,把培养的小鼠心肌细胞动作电位分为快反应,中间过渡型与慢反应三种类型。     

免疫荧光检测HIV—1抗体方法的建立和应用

免疫荧光法检测HIV抗体是确认HIV感染的方法之一［l］,与蛋白印迹法相比,它的特异性更高,易于鉴别非特异反应,更为经济、快速、容易操作。为了拥有更多的HIV抗体检测手段,我们用感染和未感染HIV－l的HeLaCD“细胞制备抗原片,建立了免疫荧光检测HIV抗体的方法,并进行了初步应用。材料和方法1细胞和病毒HeLaCD4”细胞,引自美国BruceChesebro博士的实验室,用含10％热灭活小牛血清的RPMI1640培养基培养和传代。HIV－l株引自美国。2血清艾滋诊断试剂国家参比品,批号9602Z16份经蛋白印迹确认的HIV抗体阳性血清;10份健康…     

产尿激酶原CHO工程细胞无血清培基的研究

在分析产尿激酶原CHO工程细胞对培基中氨基酸和糖利用的基础上,对DMEM：F12(1：1)进行初步优化。采用正交实验设计建立了无血清培基11G—SG—SFM和11G—SF—SFM。用11G—SG—SFM悬浮培养11G细胞,细胞增殖速率与含5％小牛血清DMEM: F12或CHO-s-SFM相当。用11G—SE—SFM培养11G细胞,细胞增殖缓慢,但有利于提高11G细胞表达pro—uK的水平,pm—UK的表达水平比含5％小牛血清的DMEM：F12培养提高80％左右。     

微生物学

<正> 从聚丙烯酞胺凝胶中有效地电泳转移DNA片段到硝酸纤维素纸上的方法得到发展。此法已用于带有小牛胸腺载体DNA的未经处理的Xl74-RF-DNA和用NaOH处理过的变性DNA。制备好末端标记的限制性片段,进行样品的聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳。     

牛血清蛋白酶联免疫检测试剂盒的研制及验证

为研制酶联免疫试剂盒以检测病毒性疫苗中残余牛血清蛋白(BSP)含量,制备高效价高纯度的兔抗BSP多克隆抗体作为包被抗体和酶标抗体,建立了ELISA双抗体夹心法并组建试剂盒,通过标准剂量曲线可对样品中所含BSP、BSA及B-IgG进行定量,经验证该方法标准曲线线性范围内r≥0.98,对BSP的检测限量为3ng/ml;分别检测5、10、20ng/ml含量的BSP时,试验内(n=12)和试验间(n=3)测定的变异系数在3.71%到7.29%之间,回收率在93.4%~106.3%,未见该方法与人血清白蛋白、卵清蛋白以及疫苗复合保护剂之间有交叉反应。该法敏感度高,准确性、重复性和稳定性好,可用于疫苗牛血清残余蛋白的质量控制。     

聚合酶链反应在牛血清支原体检测中的应用

为了探讨聚合酶链反应在牛血清支原体检测上的应用价值,以支原体高度保守的rRNA操纵子(支原体基因组中16SrRNA的编码区序列)设计引物,采用碱裂解法提取牛血清中支原体DNA作为模板进行聚合酶链反应。结果表明,阳性、阴性和内控对照都扩增出了预期的条带,聚合酶链反应与支原体培养法比较,有灵敏、快速、特异性高的特点,可用于牛血清中支原体的常规检测。     

A stoichiometric analysis of bovine serum albumin-gossypol interactions: a fluorescence quenching study.

The interaction of gossypol with bovine serum albumin, human serum albumin and n-bromosuccinimide-modified bovine serum albumin has been followed by fluorescence quenching measurements. The presence of a high affinity site (association constant K = 2.2 x 10(6) M-1) for gossypol on bovine serum albumin and human serum albumin is indicated. The stoichiometry of binding for the high affinity site was evaluated using Job's method of continuous variation, thereby suggesting the formation of 1:1 complex. Modification of the tryptophan residues on bovine serum albumin does not affect the binding of gossypol to either high or low affinity site of albumin.     

Association equilibrium of d-methamphetamine and l-methamphetamine with serum albumin

The association equilibria for complex formation between serum albumin (bovine, rat) and the optical isomers of methamphetamine (MAMP) was determined using an ultrafiltration method. It was found that serum albumin/d-MAMP and serum albumin/l-MAMP complexes had distinctly different Scatchard plots with bovine and rat albumin. The binding parameters of each association equilibrium were estimated from the Scatchard plots by Rosenthal's graphic method. This distinguished two kinds of specific binding sites in terms of the association equilibrium between bovine serum albumin and d-MAMP, and one binding site for rat serum albumin and d-MAMP. One specific binding site was found between serum albumin and l-MAMP in both bovine and rat. Molar ellipticities, [θ], of peaks were decreased in the CD spectra of the complexes formed between bovine serum albumin and d-MAMP or l-MAMP when compared with the CD spectrum of bovine serum albumin alone. However, no difference in [θ] was found between the CD spectra of the enantiomers of MAMP in the measured wavelength range. The non-specific binding site was distinct from the specific binding site and resulting from altered tertiary structure of the albumin molecule. Chirality 10:742–746, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassays for anti-angiotensin I IgG in serum using angiotensin I conjugates prepared by two different methods

Anti-angiotensin I IgG in serum was measured by immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassays using angiotensin I conjugates prepared by two different methods. In the first method, angiotensin I was conjugated to dinitrophenyl bovine serum albumin and beta-D-galactosidase through covalent links. Anti-angiotensin I IgG in rabbit serum was reacted simultaneously with dinitrophenyl bovine serum albumin-angiotensin I conjugate and beta-D-galactosidase-angiotensin I conjugate, and the complex formed of the three components was trapped onto (anti-dinitrophenyl group) IgG-coated polystyrene balls. After washing, the complex was eluted from the polystyrene balls with dinitrophenyl-L-lysine and transferred to goat (anti-rabbit IgG) IgG-coated polystyrene balls. Beta-D-Galactosidase activity bound to (anti-rabbit IgG) IgG-coated polystyrene balls was assayed by fluorometry. In the second method, biotinylated angiotensin I was coupled with dinitrophenyl bovine serum albumin-avidin conjugate and Beta-D-galactosidase-avidin conjugate and substituted for the two conjugates in the first method. The detection limits of anti-angiotensin I IgG in serum were 10-30 ng/liter (0.2-0.6 pg/assay). These methods were 330 to 1,000-fold more sensitive and much less affected by serum effect than the conventional enzyme immunoassay, in which an angiotensin I-bovine serum albumin-coated polystyrene ball was incubated with anti-angiotensin I IgG in serum and, after washing, with (anti-rabbit IgG) Fab'-peroxidase conjugate. The first method was more sensitive than the second method, but the second method may be superior in applicability to the first method.     

N-tris-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl)glycine methylamide as an antigenic determinant of neoglycoproteins]

A chemical synthesis of N-tris (beta-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl) glycine methylamide (trisgalactosylglycine) has been carried out. Trisgalactosylglicine derivatives of bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin and amyloglucosidase from Aspergillus have been obtained. The binding of trisgalactosylglycine residues to bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin was performed by the carbodiimide method; amyloglucosidase galactosylation was performed by using the reductive amination method. The latter technique seems to be the most mild one because it does not interfere with the peptide structure of the protein being analyzed. The antiserum specifically raised against the trisgalactosylglycine derivative of bovine serum albumin as well as the monospecific antibodies isolated from it can interact with both the antigen and the trisgalactosylglycine derivatives of ovalbumin and amyloglucosidase. Native proteins are not precipitated with this antiserum. This suggests that the trigalactosylglycine residues (bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin, amyloglucosidase) covalently bound to various proteins act as immunologic determinants regardless of the mode of their binding.     

Investigation on the effect of fluorescence quenching of bovine serum albumin by cefoxitin sodium using fluorescence spectroscopy and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy

The reaction mechanism of cefoxitin sodium with bovine serum albumin was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy at different temperatures. The results showed that the change of binding constant of the synchronous fluorescence method with increasing temperature could be used to estimate the types of quenching mechanisms of drugs with protein and was consistent with one of fluorescence quenching method. In addition, the number of binding sites, type of interaction force, cooperativity between drug and protein and energy‐transfer parameters of cefoxitin sodium and bovine serum albumin obtained from two methods using the same equation were consistent. Electrostatic force played a major role in the conjugation reaction between bovine serum albumin and cefoxitin sodium, and the type of quenching was static quenching. The primary binding site for cefoxitin sodium was sub‐hydrophobic domain IIA, and the number of binding sites was 1. The value of Hill's coefficients (n_H) was approximately equal to 1, which suggested no cooperativity in the bovine serum albumin–cefoxitin sodium system. The donor‐to‐acceptor distance r < 7 nm indicated that static fluorescence quenching of bovine serum albumin by cefoxitin sodium was also a non‐radiation energy‐transfer process. The results indicated that synchronous fluorescence spectrometry could be used to study the reaction mechanism between drug and protein, and was a useful supplement to the conventional method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新生牛血清中乙脑抗体的检测及其方法的建立

对新生牛血清中的抗乙型脑炎病毒的抗体进行检测,并且建立一种有效可行的检测方法。以四个厂家共16批新生牛血清用蚀斑减少中和法(PRNT)对其中的乙脑抗体进行了检测。结果显示该方法检测出部分批次的新生牛血清中含有抗乙脑病毒抗体,且乙脑抗体阳性牛血清可将乙脑病毒抗原中和,对蚀斑数有较明显影响。证明作为检测牛血清中乙脑抗体的有效方法,PRNT法具有灵敏度高、重复性好的优点。以上检测说明新生牛血清中存在乙脑抗体,能将乙脑病毒中和。用于乙脑减毒活疫苗生产的新生牛血清除按照《中国生物制品主要原辅材料质控标准》进行质控外,还应进行乙脑抗体的检测。     

Comparative studies on the interaction of cefixime with bovine serum albumin by fluorescence quenching spectroscopy and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy

Under simulated physiological conditions, the reaction mechanism between cefixime and bovine serum albumin at different temperatures (293, 303 and 310 K) was investigated using a fluorescence quenching method and synchronous fluorescence method, respectively. The results indicated that the fluorescence intensity and synchronous fluorescence intensity of bovine serum albumin decreased regularly on the addition of cefixime. In addition, the quenching mechanism, binding constants, number of binding sites, type of interaction force and energy‐transfer parameters of cefixime with bovine serum albumin obtained from two methods using the same equation were consistent. The results indicated that the synchronous fluorescence spectrometry could be used to study the binding mechanism between drug and protein, and was a useful supplement to the conventional method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The interaction between N-n-undecyl-N'-(sodium p-aminobenzenesulfonate) thiourea and serum albumin studied using various spectroscopies and the molecular modeling method

The preparation and characteristics of N-n-undecyl-N'-(sodium-p-aminobenzenesulfonate) thiourea (UPT), a new water-soluble reagent with a saturated fatty hydrocarbon group, were described. The interactions of UPT with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) were studied using fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the molecular modeling method. UPT exhibited a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of both BSA and HSA through a static quenching procedure. The binding constants of UPT and BSA or HSA were determined at different temperatures based on the relevant fluorescence data. The binding sites were obtained and the acting force was suggested to be mainly hydrophobic interaction, which was consistent with the result of the molecular modeling study, and there were also a number of hydrogen bonds between UPT and HSA. The results of determination of the proteins in bovine serum or human serum by this method were very close to those obtained by using Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 colorimetry. A practical method was proposed for the determination of UPT in bovine serum or human serum samples with satisfactory results.