大豆灰斑病菌生理小种的RAPD标记

运用随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＲａｎｄｏｍａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｃＤＮＡ,ＲＡＰＤ）技术对发生于中国东北的大豆灰斑病菌（Ｃｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒｉｄｉｕｍｓｏｊｉｍｕｍ）的１０个生理小种进行基因组ＤＮＡ多态性分析,用１３个１０－核苷酸随机引物获得了１１１个ＲＡＰＤ标记,其中８６．５％具有多态性,通过聚类分析确定了供试小种间的亲缘关系,试验证明,ＲＡＰＤ技术分析大豆灰斑病菌遗传传变异可提供大量     

利用分子标记定位农垦58S的光敏核不育基因

对农垦５８Ｓ（Ｏｒｙｚａｓａｔｉｖａｓｐ．ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ）／大黑矮生标记基因系ＦＬ２组合组建可育集团和不育集团,并以亲本为对照进行了ＲＦＬＰ、ＲＡＰＤ和双引物ＲＡＰＤ分析,结果第１２染色体上的一个单拷贝标记Ｇ２１４０与光敏核不育基因连锁遗传,二者间的遗传图距为１４．１ｃＭ（ｃｅｎｔｉｍｏｒｇａｎ）。在筛选过的１０４０个随机单引物和１９０个双引物中,仅引物ＯＰＡＵ１０扩增出与光敏核不育基因连锁的１．５ｋｂＤＮＡ片段,回收、克隆该ＤＮＡ片段并制备探针,将其转换成共显性的ＲＦＬＰ标记并命名为ＯＰＡＵ１０１５００。分离群体连锁分析表明该标记与标记Ｇ２１４０紧密连锁,将农垦５８Ｓ的一对光敏核不育基因定位于第１２染色体上。     

黑子南瓜甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶基因的克隆及序列分析

依据国外报道的南瓜甘油－３－磷酸转酰酶（ＧＰＡＴ）基因的ｃＤＮＡ序列合成相应引物,用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术,成功地分离了黑子南瓜（Ｃｕｃｕｒｂｉｔａｆｉｃｉｆｏｌｉａ）ＧＰＡＴ基因的ｃＤＮＡ片段,并亚克隆到了ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ载体系统的多克隆位点上,序列分析表明黑子南瓜ＧＰＡＴ基因的ｃＤＮＡ序列及递推的氨基酸序列与南瓜（Ｃｕｃｕｒｂｉｔａｍｏｓｃｈａｔａ）相比分别具有９８％和９６５％的同源性。在１１８８ｂｐ中有２２个核苷酸发生变化,导致１３个氨基酸的改变     

小麦胞质突变型雄性不育系85EA与其保持系线粒体DNA的比较研究

８５ＥＡ是通过电子束辐照获得的胞质突变型小麦不育要用ＲＦＬＰ和ＲＡＰＤ技术对８５ＥＡ及春保持系的线粒体ＤＮＡ进行了比较研究。ＲＦＬＰ分析表明８５ＥＡ线粒体基因组中ｃｏｘⅡ基因的位置结构与保持系发生了变化；ＲＡＰＤ分析中引物ＯＰＤ－１５扩增产物在不育系和保持系间有明显差异，不育系的扩增产物比保持系多１条分子量为０．６ｋｂ的特展览 要带，用Ｔ－ｅａｓｙ ｖｅｃｔｏｒ克隆该不育系特异条带并命名为ＯＰＤ－     

人端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）基因第3内含子的克隆 …

从端粒酶活性呈性阳的水生细胞株人肺ＳＣＰ－Ａ－１中分离了总ＲＮＡ,以此为模板,结合ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术和长模板ＰＣＲ技术,用ｈＴＥＲＴ基因特异性引物扩增到一长约２．２ｋｂ的ｃＤＮＡ片段。将该片纯化后克隆到通用测序本Ｔ－ｅａｓｙ ｖｅｃｔｏｒ上得到重组质粒。用测引物ＳＰ６和Ｔ７对该片段进行部分双向测序。经序列分析和同源比较推测该片段包含了ｈＴＥＲＴ基因的第３内含子。该结果提示了ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术和长模板Ｐ     

黄地老虎颗粒体病毒DNA片段的克隆与颗粒体蛋白基因的定位

用ｐＵＣ１９质粒作载体,克隆了黄地老虎颗粒体病毒（Ａｇｒｏｌｉｓｓｅｇｅｔｕｍｇｒａｎｕｌｏｓｉｓｖｉｒｕｓ,简称ＡｓＧＶ）ＤＮＡＰｓｔＩ－Ｄ．Ｅ．Ｆ．Ｇ．Ｈ．Ｊ．Ｋ．等７个片段。以［￣（３２）Ｐ］－ｄＣＴＰ标记的油桐尺蠖核型多角体病毒（Ｂｕｚｕｒａｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓａｒｉａｎｕｃｌｃａｒｐｏｌｙｈｅｄｒｏｓｉｓｖｉｒｕｓ简称ＢｓＮＰＶ）多角体蛋白基因为探针,在３７℃条件下对ＡｓＧＶ）颗粒体蛋白基因进行了定位,将其分别定位于ＢｓｌⅡ－Ｓ或ＴＰｓＴＩ－Ａ或Ｂ和ＥｃｉＲＩ－Ａ片段上。     

鸡减蛋综合征病毒（EDSV—76）基因组E1区结构特点分析

ＥＤＳＶ－７６病毒中国株ＡＡ－２经常规方法提取其病毒ＤＮＡ后,建立了限制性内切酶ＰｓｔＩ水解片段的全基因文库。对其中ＰｓｔＩ－Ｇ片段和ＰｓｔＩ－Ａ片段的正反链进行序列测定,获得ＥＤＳＶ Ｅ１区（０－８．８ｍ．ｕ）的核苷酸序列。经分析,ＥＤＳＶ Ｅ１区具有与其他腺病毒Ｅ１区类似的结构。以大于６０个氨基酸残基为标准,ＥＤＳＶ Ｅ１区共有７个开放读码框架（ＯＲＦ）,其中Ｒ１、Ｒ２、ＥｌｂｓＴ和Ｅ１ｂ１Ｔ     

DNA分子标记在柑桔中的应用

ＤＮＡ分子标记是最为理想的遗传标记 ,依其多态性检出所用的分子生物学技术 ,大致可分为Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｍ杂交技术为核心的分子标记和ＰＣＲ技术为核心的分子标记。前者的代表性技术有ＲＥＬＰ(ｒｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｉｏｎｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔｌｅｎｇｔｈｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｓｍ)和ＤＮＡ指纹技术 (ＤＮＡｆｉｎｇｅｒｐｒｉｎｔｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓ)。后者的代表性技术有ＲＡＰＤ(ｒａｎｄｏｍａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｃＤＮＡ)、ＳＣＡＲ(ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｃｈａｒａｃ ｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄｒｅｇｉｏｎ)…     

蓝舌病病毒Z1株VP7基因的克隆及序列分析

用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增我国蓝舌病毒Ｚ１株的ＶＰ７基因,直接将其克隆至ｐＧＥＭ－Ｔ载体中,用限制性内切酶ＥｃｏＲＩ分析经蓝／白斑筛选和ＰＣＲ鉴定的重组质粒,用ＤＩＧ标记克隆片段制成探针与病毒基因组进行Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ杂交,证明插入片段为ＢＴＶ ＶＰ７基因特异性片段。采用Ｓａｎｇｅｒ双脱氧终止法测定ｃＤＮＡ片段的核苷酸序列,将这一序列与国外已发表的９株蓝舌病毒及相关的环状病毒的ＶＰ７基因进行了比     

RAPD技术及其在微生物学方面的应用

198 0年 ,Ｂｏｔｓｅｉｎ提出ＤＮＡ限制性片段长度多态性 (ＲＦＬＰ)可以作为遗传标记 ,从此开创了直接应用ＤＮＡ多态的新阶段。 80年代后 ,ＤＮＡ多聚酶链式反应 (ＰＣＲ)的发展 ,使直接扩增ＤＮＡ的多态性成为可能 ,并在此基础上产生了许多种新型分子标记 ,诸如扩增片段多态性 (ＡＬＦＲ)、串联重复序列(ＶＮＴＲ)、单链构型多态性 (ＰＣＲ ＳＳＣＰ)、序列特异扩增区域 (ＳＣＡＲ)、随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ(ＲＡＰＤ)等。而ＲＡＰＤ是较为突出的一种。ＲＡＰＤ是由Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍｓ和Ｗｅｌｓｈ在 1 990年各自独立发现的一种ＤＮＡ多态检…     

葡萄感霜霉病基因的分子标记(英文)

 在葡萄抗病育种中 ,幼苗期排除感霜霉病的后代具有特别重要的意义 .用 BSA,RAPD和SCAR方法研究了葡萄感霜霉病基因的分子标记 .分析了两个种间杂交组合 [毛葡萄 (抗病 )×欧洲葡萄 (感病 ) ]88- 1 1 0和 88- 84与 88- 1 1 0的 F1代自交或互交所得的 3个 F2 代 ,以及欧洲葡萄品种和中国野生葡萄种 .共筛选了 2 80个随机引物 .引物 OPO1 0产生了一个 RAPD标记 OPO1 0 - 80 0与葡萄感霜霉病主效基因紧密联锁 .将该 DNA片段克隆并测序 .OPO1 0 - 80 0的实际长度为 835bp,所以 OPO1 0 - 80 0应为 OPO1 0 - 835.据其两端序列 ,设计了一对长度为 2 6bp和 2 8bp的特异引物分别扩增上述试材 ,获得了与该 RAPD标记相同大小的一条带 ,将 RAPD标记转化为 SCAR标记SCO1 0 - 835.并证实了此 SCAR标记的通用性 ,该 SCAR标记可用于葡萄抗病育种中杂种后代对霜霉病的抗病与感病性鉴定 .     

与葡萄抗霜霉病基因紧密连锁的分子遗传标记

以种间杂交组合88-110［83-4-96（毛葡萄,抗霜霉病）×粉红玫瑰（欧洲葡萄,感霜霉病）］的F     

Identification of genetic markers for Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) by RAPD analysis

In order to develop the specific genetic marker for Korean native cattle (Hanwoo), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of 6 different cattle breeds was attempted by using 38 decamer primers. In comparison of RAPD patterns, two distinctive DNA bands specific for Hanwoo were detected. One was 296 bp of DNA fragment found to be specific only for female Hanwoo when primer GTCCACACGG was employed. In individual analysis of this RAPD marker was observed only in female individuals with the possibility of 85.3%. The other was 521 bp of RAPD marker amplified using TCGGCGATAG and AGCCAGCGAA primers, which showed 83.0% of genetic frequency in 85 male and 68 female individuals tested. Nucleotide sequencing of these genetic markers revealed that 296 bp marker has a short microsatellite-like sequence, ACCACCACAC, and a tandem repeat sequence of microsatellite GAAAAATG in the determined sequence. Two distinctive tandem repeats of microsatellite sequences, AAC and GAAGA, were also appeared in 521 bp DNA marker. In BLAST search, any gene having high homology with these markers was not found     

黄瓜霜霉病抗病基因的RAPD及SCAR标记

以感霜霉病黄瓜L18-10-2和抗霜霉病黄瓜129为亲本构建F2代分离群体,以F3代植株霜霉病抗性鉴定表示F2代各单株抗病性并得以区分各单株杂合或纯合感病性,采用RAPD技术和转SCAR的方法筛选黄瓜抗霜霉病基因分子标记.结果显示,在318条RAPD引物中有18条引物表现出两亲本间多态性,其中引物P18的SB-SP18561扩增片段与霜霉病抗病基因之间紧密连锁,根据交换率和Kosambi函数公式计算其遗传距离为7.85 cM.回收SBSP18561片段并克隆和测序,其准确长度为561 bp.将该RAPD标记转换为SCAR标记,长度为494 bp,命名为SSBSP18494.     

Molecular identification of isolates of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Peronosclerospora sorghi</Emphasis> from maize using PCR-based SCAR marker

The fungus Peronosclerospora sorghi [Weston and Uppal (Shaw)] infects both sorghum and maize and incites downy mildew disease. Pathogenic and molecular variability among isolates of P. sorghi from sorghum and maize has been reported. In the present study we developed a DNA sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker for identification of isolates of P. sorghi from maize by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primer OPB15 consistently amplified a 1,000 base pairs (bp) product in PCR only from DNA of P. sorghi isolates from maize and not from isolates of sorghum. The PCR-amplified 1,000-bp product was cloned and sequenced. The sequence of the SCAR marker was used for designing specific primers for identification of maize isolates of P. sorghi. The SCAR primers amplified a 800 bp fragment only from genomic DNA of maize isolates of P. sorghi. The SCAR primers developed in this study are highly specific and reproducible, and proved to be powerful tool for identification of P. sorghi isolates from maize.     

Candidate disease resistance genes in sunflower cloned using conserved nucleotide-binding site motifs: genetic mapping and linkage to the downy mildew resistance gene Pl1.

Disease resistance gene candidates (RGCs) belonging to the nucleotide-binding site (NBS) superfamily have been cloned from numerous crop plants using highly conserved DNA sequence motifs. The aims of this research were to (i) isolate genomic DNA clones for RGCs in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and (ii) map RGC markers and Pl1, a gene for resistance to downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni) race 1. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers targeted to conserved NBS DNA sequence motifs were used to amplify RGC fragments from sunflower genomic DNA. PCR products were cloned, sequenced, and assigned to 11 groups. RFLP analyses mapped six RGC loci to three linkage groups. One of the RGCs (Ha-4W2) was linked to Pl1, a downy mildew resistance gene. A cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker was developed for Ha-4W2 using gene-specific oligonucleotide primers. Downy mildew susceptible lines (HA89 and HA372) lacked a 276-bp Tsp5091 restriction fragment that was present in downy mildew resistant lines (HA370, 335, 336, 337, 338, and 339). HA370 x HA372 F2 progeny were genotyped for the Ha-4W2 CAPS marker and phenotyped for resistance to downy mildew race 1. The CAPS marker was linked to but did not completely cosegregate with Pl1 on linkage group 8. Ha-4W2 was found to comprise a gene family with at least five members. Although genetic markers for Ha-4W2 have utility for marker-assisted selection, the RGC detected by the CAPS marker has been ruled out as a candidate gene for Pl1. Three of the RGC probes were monomorphic between HA370 and HA372 and still need to be mapped and screened for linkage to disease resistance loci.     

尾分析法检测北极狐自咬症关联的RAPD标记

以健康北极狐(Alopex lagopus)和患自咬症北极狐个体为研究对象,运用尾分析法,采用RAPD技术在分子水平上分析北极狐自咬症病因,并初步找到与自咬症相关联的RAPD标记,将该标记片段克隆测序,得到了北极狐自咬症特异序列,序列长658bp。     

水稻抗褐飞虱基因SCAR标记的获得

采用282个随机引物对药用野生稻1665和栽培稻桂99远缘杂交的抗褐飞虱近等基因系B3F4分离群体的不抗池DNA和抗池DNA进行了特异性RAPD标记筛选,从中筛选到一个具有明显的特异性扩增带谱的RAPD标记S1159,序列分析表明,S1159序列长度为1408bp,与基因库中已报道的水稻第四号染色体的BAC克隆(编号OSJNBa0070O11)序列(67114-69100)有51.86%的同源性。为了提高所找到的RAPD标记S1159在应用上的稳定性,将RAPD标记转化为SCAR标记检测近等基因系群体,结果表明与RAPD标记结果一致,说明该研究得到的RAPD标记具有较好的稳定性和重复性,为进一步的研究打下了良好的基础。     

Recombinant bovine interferon alpha causes only a temporary prolongation of the lifespan of the corpus luteum

Abstract

A method is described for developing a sheep‐ vs. goat‐specific DNA marker using sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs) derived from a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker from sheep DNA samples. A sheep 645 bp DNA fragment that was absent in goat DNA was identified by analyzing pools of sheep and goat DNA with RAPD primers. This fragment was cloned and partially sequenced to design extended, strand‐specific 24‐mer oligonucleotide primers. Each primer contained the original 10 bases of the RAPD primer and the following 14 internal bases. The pair of primers resulted in the amplification of a single band of 645 bp when used to amplify sheep DNA, and in no amplification when used to amplify goat DNA. These SCAR primers successfully amplified the equivalent of DNA from one nucleated sheep cell in a sample of 5000 nucleated goat cells. This level of sensitivity is especially desirable for research involving the detection of interspecific chimerism.     

Identification of the BrRHP1 locus that confers resistance to downy mildew in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) and development of linked molecular markers

Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) was studied using inbred parental lines RS1 and SS1 that display strong resistance and severe susceptibility, respectively. F(1), F(2), and BC(1)F(1) populations were evaluated for their responses to downy mildew infection. Resistance to downy mildew was conditioned by a single dominant locus designated BrRHP1. A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker linked to BrRHP1 was identified using bulked segregant analysis and two molecular markers designated BrPERK15A and BrPERK15B were developed. BrPERK15B was polymorphic between the parental lines used to construct the reference linkage map of B. rapa, allowing the mapping of the BrRHP1 locus to the A1 linkage group. Using bacterial artificial chromosome clone sequences anchored to the A1 linkage group, six simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers were developed for use in marker-assisted breeding of downy mildew resistance in Chinese cabbage. Four simple PCR markers flanking the BrRHP1 locus were shown to be collinear with the long-arm region of Arabidopsis chromosome 3. The two closely linked flanking markers delimit the BrRHP1 locus within a 2.2-Mb interval of this Arabidopsis syntenic region.