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1.
摘要 目的:了解妊娠期妇女甲状腺功能的筛查情况及相关影响因素。方法:以2016年1月~2017年1月在我院接受产前检查的400例孕妇为研究对象,其中早期妊娠78例、中期妊娠146例、晚期妊娠176例,同期健康体检合格妇女120例为对照组。比较妊娠妇女和对照组促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离T3(FT3)及游离T4(FT4)水平,并分析妊娠合并甲状腺功能异常者妊娠不良结局发生情况,并分析妊娠合并甲状腺功能异常的影响因素。结果:400例孕妇中,亚临床甲减62例、临床甲减5例、亚临床甲亢16例、临床甲亢2例,甲状腺疾病合计85例。孕早期TSH低于孕中期及孕晚期,FT3浓度高于孕中期及孕晚期,FT4浓度高于孕中期及孕晚期,孕中期及孕晚期TSH水平高于对照组,孕中期及孕晚期FT3、FT4浓度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄、流产次数、碘摄入量、吸烟组妊娠合并甲状腺功能异常率差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析,年龄≥30岁、流产次数≥2次、碘摄入量≥150 μg/d为妊娠合并甲状腺功能异常发生的独立危险因素。妊娠合并甲状腺功能异常组妊娠不良结局合计率高于妊娠合并甲状腺功能正常组(P<0.05)。结论:加强对妊娠期妇女甲状腺功能的筛查和高危因素的管理能够预防不良妊娠结局,达到优生优育。  相似文献   

2.
目的:对妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症进行分析,探讨其对母儿的影响,及孕期筛查甲状腺功能有无意义。方法:对我院26例妊娠合并甲减的临床资料进行回顾性统计分析。结果:26例妊娠合并甲减病例中有1例早产(孕33周),其余25例患者维持至足月妊娠,其中剖宫产17例(65.38%),合并妊娠期高血压疾病5例(19.23%),妊娠期糖尿病3例(11.53%),羊水胎粪污染3例(11.54%),新生儿无先天性甲减。经过治疗后甲状腺功能减退孕妇的剖宫产率,糖尿病发生率、高血压疾病发生率、羊水粪染的发生率较对照组增加;但两组妊娠结局差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论:妊娠合并甲状腺功能减退症孕妇多种妊娠并发症的发病率高于正常孕妇,应加强对妊娠甲减的早期筛查及治疗,可有效降低不良妊娠结局,减少先天性甲低的出生。  相似文献   

3.
摘要 目的:观察碘131联合胰岛素泵治疗2型糖尿病伴发甲亢患者的临床疗效。方法:选取2017年3月至2019年1月本院收治的2型糖尿病伴发甲亢患者110例,按随机数表法分为观察组(n=55)与对照组(n=55),观察组患者给予碘131联合胰岛素泵治疗,对照组患者给予甲巯咪唑联合胰岛素注射治疗。分别在治疗前后检测两组患者的血糖、血清炎性因子及甲状腺功能指标,比较两组患者临床有效率及不良反应发生率。结果:观察组临床有效率为92.73%,高于对照组的74.55%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白均下降(P<0.05),血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT3)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、总四碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT4)、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT4)水平均下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总不良反应率为18.18%,低于对照组的58.18%(P<0.05)。结论:碘131联合胰岛素泵治疗2型糖尿病伴发甲亢安全有效,能够更好地改善患者的甲状腺功能,降低炎性因子水平。  相似文献   

4.
摘要 目的:探究妊娠糖尿病中肌肉/脂肪质量比与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法:选择2015年1月至2020年1月于我院接受治疗的300例产妇为研究对象,按照美国糖尿病学会(American Diabetes Association,ADA)标准将产妇区分为妊娠期糖尿病组(GDM=90例)、妊娠期糖耐量受损组(GIGT=110例)和糖耐量正常组(NGT=100例),分别检测三组产妇的总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(Triglycerides,TG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbAlc)、肌肉/脂肪质量比(muscle / fat mass ratio,M/F)以及空腹血清胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)水平。结果:(1)GDM组患者HbAlc、TC以及TG水平均明显高于GIGT组以及NGT组(P<0.05),GIGT组患者HbAlc、TC以及TG水平均明显高于NGT组(P<0.05);(2)GMD组产妇的M/F明显低于GIGT组产妇,GIGT组产妇明显低于NGT组产妇(P<0.05),而GMD组产妇FINS以及胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)明显高于GIGT组,GIGT组明显高于NGT组(P<0.05);(3)胰岛素抵抗(IR)同M/F呈现负相关联系(r=-0.218,P<0.05),同时与HbAlc、TC、TG(r=0.346,r=0.412,r=0.372,P<0.05)等呈现正相关。结论:妊娠女性的M/F值不足同胰岛素抵抗的出现具有一定的相关性,过分强调产妇节食可能会使产妇出现较低的肌肉质量,从而增加GDM的发生风险。  相似文献   

5.
摘要 目的:研究老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清骨钙素(BGP)、生长激素释放多肽(ghrelin)及人软骨糖蛋白-39(YKL-40)水平与胰岛素抵抗及认知功能损害的关系。方法:选择2018年1月~2019年12月我院收治的老年T2DM患者100例记作病变组,选择同期于我院进行体检的老年健康志愿者100例作为对照组。比较两组血清BGP、ghrelin及YKL-40水平,血糖、血脂、胰岛素抵抗相关指标及简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分情况,并分析各指标的相关性。结果:病变组血清BGP、ghrelin水平低于对照组,而YKL-40水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。病变组空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均高于对照组,而空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。病变组除语言、延迟记忆评分与对照组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他各项MMSE评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析可得:老年T2DM患者血清BGP、ghrelin水平和FPG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR均呈负相关,与FINS及MMSE评分均呈正相关(P<0.05);而血清YKL-40水平和FPG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR均呈正相关,与FINS及MMSE评分均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:老年T2DM患者的血清BGP、ghrelin存在明显低表达,而血清YKL-40水平呈明显高表达,且上述血清学指标水平均与胰岛素抵抗和认知功能损害密切相关。  相似文献   

6.
摘要 目的:研究桑叶黄酮对糖尿病小鼠心肌线粒体功能和心肌纤维化的影响,并探讨其作用的具体分子机制。方法:45只ICR小鼠,随机分为3组,即正常组、模型组和桑叶黄酮组。模型组和桑叶黄酮组通过腹腔注射四氧嘧啶生理盐水溶液建立糖尿病模型,正常组小鼠腹腔注射生理盐水。桑叶黄酮组糖尿病小鼠在模型成功建立后灌胃给予桑叶黄酮(1.0 g/kg/天)治疗,正常组和模型组给予等量生理盐水治疗。治疗6周后,测定并比较三组小鼠血糖、血胰岛素、肝糖原、肝己糖激酶(HK)和丙酮酸激酶(PK)含量,心肌线粒体谷胱甘肽(GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总钙和ATP含量,以及心脏CD31、α-SMA和Collagen I mRNA表达。结果:研究期间,模型组和桑叶黄酮组小鼠分别死亡3只和1只。经桑叶黄酮治疗6周后,糖尿病小鼠血糖显著降低,血胰岛素水平、肝糖原、肝HK和肝PK含量,心肌线粒体GSH、SOD、总钙和ATP含量均显著增高(P<0.05)。心肌纤维化指标:糖尿病小鼠心肌CD31 mRNA表达水平经桑叶黄酮治疗后显著增高,而α-SMA和Collagen I mRNA表达水平却显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:桑叶黄酮可显著降低糖尿病小鼠血糖水平,改善其糖代谢和心肌线粒体损伤,延缓心肌纤维化进展。  相似文献   

7.
摘要 目的:探讨石榴皮多酚(PPPs)对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)大鼠胰岛素抵抗(IR)及氧化应激损伤的影响。方法:45只孕鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和PPPs组,各15只。模型组和PPPs组孕鼠经腹腔注射45 mg/kg链脲佐菌素制备GDM模型大鼠,对照组经腹腔注射生理盐水。模型制备成功后给予PPPs组大鼠按300 mg/kg PPPs灌胃,对照组和模型组灌胃等体积生理盐水。给药14 d后检测空腹尾静脉血中糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、尿酸(UA)、尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(SCr)和尿液β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、肾损伤分子1(KIM-1)水平,计算稳态模型的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果:模型组和PPPs组大鼠血清HbA1c、FBG、FINS、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、hs-CRP、MDA、UA、BUN、SCr和尿液NAG、KIM-1水平以及HOMA-IR显著高于对照组,SOD和CAT活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。PPPs组大鼠血清HbA1c、FBG、FINS、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、hs-CRP、MDA、UA、BUN、SCr和尿液NAG、KIM-1水平以及HOMA-IR均显著低于模型组,SOD和CAT活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:PPPs能够显著减轻妊娠期糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激水平,改善血糖和肾损伤。  相似文献   

8.
摘要 目的:探讨乌司他丁联合无创机械通气对重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)并急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)患者血气指标、肝肾功能和肠黏膜功能的影响。方法:选取2015年1月~2020年1月期间青海省中医院收治的73例SAP并发ARDS患者。根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=36)和研究组(n=37),对照组患者予以无创机械通气治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合乌司他丁治疗,比较两组患者疗效、血气指标、肝肾功能指标以及肠黏膜功能指标,记录两组治疗期间不良反应情况。结果:研究组治疗7 d后的临床总有效率为89.19 %(33/37),高于对照组的66.67 %(24/36)(P<0.05)。两组治疗7 d后动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、氧合指数均较治疗前升高,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)以及血清肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、二胺氧化酶(diamine oxidase,DAO)、D-乳酸、动脉血二氧化碳分压(arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide,PaCO2)较治疗前降低,且研究组优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异(P>0.05)。结论:乌司他丁联合无创机械通气治疗SAP并发ARDS患者,疗效显著,可有效改善患者血气指标、肝肾功能和肠黏膜功能,且不增加不良反应发生率,安全可靠。  相似文献   

9.
摘要 目的:观察妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者糖化白蛋白(GA)、内脂素(Visfatin)、摄食抑制因子-1(Nesfatin-1)水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系,并分析导致妊娠结局不良的危险因素。方法:选取2018年6月~2021年1月期间我院收治的120例GDM患者作为观察组,同一时间段选择来我院行孕检的90例正常孕妇作为对照组。检测受试者血清中Visfatin、Nesfatin-1、GA、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、空腹血糖(FPG)水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)。采用Pearson相关分析Visfatin、Nesfatin-1、GA与胰岛素抵抗的关系。采用多因素Logistic回归分析妊娠结局不良的影响因素。结果:观察组的GA、Visfatin、Nesfatin-1、HOMA-IR高于对照组,HOMA-β低于对照组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,GA、Visfatin、Nesfatin-1与HOMA-β呈负相关,而与HOMA-IR呈正相关(P<0.05)。观察组的妊娠不良结局发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示:妊娠不良结局与分娩年龄、居住地、糖尿病家族史、产前体质量指数(BMI)、合并多囊卵巢综合征、流产史、分娩史、甲状腺功能情况、产次、FPG、FINS、GA、Visfatin、Nesfatin-1、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β有关(P<0.05),而与文化程度、单/双胎妊娠、孕次无关(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:居住地为城市、产前BMI≥28 kg/m2、分娩年龄≥35岁、合并多囊卵巢综合征、GA≥13%、Visfatin≥82mmol/L、Nesfatin-1≥9 μg/L、流产史、甲状腺功能异常是导致GDM产妇妊娠结局不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:GDM患者中存在GA、Visfatin、Nesfatin-1高表达,且与胰岛素抵抗明显相关。GDM产妇的妊娠不良结局发生率较高,受分娩年龄、居住地、产前BMI、合并多囊卵巢综合征、流产史、GA、Visfatin、Nesfatin-1、甲状腺功能异常等多种因素影响,可考虑针对上述患者采取相关干预措施,以改善患者的妊娠结局。  相似文献   

10.
摘要 目的:探讨阿卡波糖辅助治疗糖尿病合并甲状腺功能亢进的效果及对甲状腺素(T_4 )、促甲状腺激素(TSH)及脂联素的影响。方法:选择2019年1月-2021年1月在我院接受治疗的105例糖尿病合并甲状腺功能亢进患者,采用随机数表法分为试验组(n=53)和对照组(n=52)。对照组给予甲巯咪唑和甘精胰岛素治疗,试验组在对照组的基础上加用阿卡波糖治疗。比较两组临床疗效、T_4 、TSH及脂联素、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(PBG)、胰岛素抵抗(Homa-IR)、胰岛β细胞指数(Homa-β)水平变化情况及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,两组总有效率比较差异显著(P<0.05);治疗前,试验组和对照组血清T_4 、TSH及脂联素比较无显著差异;治疗后,试验组和对照组血清T_4 及脂联素均随着时间的推移而降低,且试验组均低于对照组,TSH随着时间的推移而升高,且试验组高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);治疗前,试验组和对照组血清FBG、PBG比较无显著差异;治疗后,试验组和对照组血清FBG、PBG均随着时间的推移而降低,且试验组均低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);治疗前,试验组和对照组血清Homa-IR、Homa-β比较无显著差异;治疗后,试验组和对照组血清Homa-IR、Homa-β均随着时间的推移而降低,且试验组均低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);两组不良反应总发生率为3.77%、9.62%,无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:在糖尿病合并甲状腺功能亢进中应用阿卡波糖辅助治疗疗效显著,可有效改善患者T_4 、TSH及脂联素水平。  相似文献   

11.
通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.  相似文献   

12.
Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m−2 s−1. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to Pfr.  相似文献   

13.
The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.  相似文献   

14.
龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。  相似文献   

15.
A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.  相似文献   

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18.
真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
罗桂花 《遗传》2002,24(3):349-350
本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.  相似文献   

19.
Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H2-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H2 with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD+, FMN+, and NAD(P)+ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H2OCO2+2H++2e- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation  相似文献   

20.
Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)8 barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)8 structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive ET and active ER. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive ET and active ER represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.  相似文献   

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