河南西峡盆地晚白垩世含恐龙蛋地层中的双壳类

描述河南西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层的双壳类5属(亚属)9种,其中1新种。依据双壳类的地层分布特征,确认含恐龙蛋地层的时代属晚白垩世,很可能为晚白垩世中-晚期(Coniacian-Campanian期)。描述的双壳类化石有:Pseudohyria cf.gobiensis MacNeil,Pseudohyria cf.cardiiformis(Martinson),cf.Plicatounio(Plicatounio)hunanensis Zhang,cf.Plicatounio(Plicatounio)zhuchengensis Ma,Plicatounio(Acclinoplicatounio)cf.nan-anensis Ma et Huang,Plicatounio(Tamuraia)henanensis Chenet Wangsp.nov.,Sphaerium shantun gense(Grabau),Sphaeriumtani Grabau和Sphaerium laiyangense Chen。其中,Pseudohyria属及Tamuraia和Accli-noplicatounio亚属的历程均限于晚白垩世。韩国和日本早白垩世地层发现的Pseudohyria matsumotoi Yang,1979应归Matsumotoina,不属于Pseudohyria;福建禾口组上部原鉴定为Plicatounio(Plicatounio)naktongensis和Pli-catounio(Plicatounio)fujianensis的标本,应改归Tamuraia亚属。     

江苏北部如东地区鹰粉类化石

本文比较详细地描述了江苏北部如东地区并下泰州组下段地层中的鹰粉类化石,共描述4属18种,其中包括9个新种。笔者简略地探讨了此孢粉组合的时代,认为是晚白垩世晚期的马斯特里赫特期。劳斯(G.E.Rome)于1957年,在加拿大西部艾伯塔(Alberta)地区的晚白垩世地层中,首先发现了鹰粉类花粉的化石,并命名为鹰粉属Aquilapollenites Rouse。然后鹰粉类(Aquil-     

粤北丹霞盆地白垩系长坝组的介形类动物群

粤北丹霞盆地白垩系长坝组产介形类化石 15 属 50 种,笔者描述其中 15 属 47 种(包括 3 个新种)。长坝组介形类动物群可以划分两个化石组合:( 1 ) Mongolocypris-Cypridea-Darwinula 组合,分布长坝组二段,属种繁多, 组合特征明显,与松辽平原泉头组 - 姚家组、湖北贾店组、浙江兰溪组等的介形类面貌相似,可以大致对比,由于出现少量晚白垩世标志化石 Talicypridea 属和大个体的 Mongolocypris 属,反映它与晚白垩世介形类的关系更为密切,但又不同于晚白垩世中晚期的南雄群 Talicypridea 动物群,层位偏低,时代较早,属晚白垩世早期为宜,大致相当于赛诺曼期( Cenomanian );( 2 ) Cypridea-Altanicypris-Candona 组合,分布长坝组四段,其层位在长坝组二段之上,晚白垩世丹霞组之下,组合中富含类女星介科的 Altanicypris 属,许多属种出现在晚白垩世地层中,其时代属晚白垩世无疑,与土仑期( Turonian )大致相当。     

广东南雄盆地南雄群的介形类动物群

南雄群及其介形类化石在我国晚白垩世非海相地层划分对比中占重要地位,主田和杨梅坑剖面主田组和浈水组中有270个样品含介形类化石,计有23属(2亚属)99种(12新种)。南雄群介形类动物群是以Talicypridea,Cypridea,Nanxiongium,Candoniella等4属为主,称Talicypridea Cypridea Nanxiongium动物群(简称Tali cypridea动物群)。该动物群在我国和蒙古的非海相地层中广泛分布,时代属晚白垩世中—晚期。     

河南西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层中无脊椎动物化石的首次发现

河南省西南部西峡盆地以含有大量的恐龙蛋化石而著称。以往研究限于化石证据不足,使得对含恐龙蛋地层时代认识上存在较大分歧。本次研究在西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层中首次发现了无脊椎动物化石,如双壳类、叶肢介、腹足类和介形类。从而确定含化石层位的时代为晚白垩世中期。     

晚白垩世恐龙蛋壳变薄及有关问题的探讨

山东莱阳和广东南雄上白垩统发现的各类恐龙蛋壳化石,其平均厚度的变化在地层中是自下而上逐渐变薄;类似的现象也见于法国南部上白垩统的恐龙蛋化石。因此可以认为恐龙蛋壳厚度在晚白垩世晚期的逐渐变薄,很可能是它们演化过程中的一个重要趋势。文中扼要地讨论了恐龙蛋壳变薄的机理,并提出晚白垩世晚期恐龙蛋壳变薄可能是恐龙类最后绝灭的一个非常重要的原因。同时也讨论了这些含恐龙蛋化石地层的时代问题。     

黑龙江东部双鸭山、集贤煤田中生代含煤地层研究*

本文系统地讨论了黑龙江双鸭山、集贤两煤田的中生代含煤地层序列,综合各门类化石研究结果,认为海相的绥滨组和东荣组属晚侏罗世卡洛夫晚期至伏尔加期,非海相的城子河组和穆棱组属早白垩世尼坎期。文内提供11条详细的钻探剖面的生物地层资料。     

世界最大悬铃木叶化石的发现(封二说明)

悬铃木科现有一属11种,主要分布于北美南部,在巴尔干半岛、喜马拉雅地区和中南半岛北部也有分布;其大化石有20余种,在北半球中、高纬度地区的晚白垩世至晚第三纪地层中均有发现,但以晚白垩世和早第三纪的种类较多.现代悬铃木的叶片及已知的叶化石通常10-20厘米长.笔者在新疆阿勒泰古新世(距今6000万年)粉砂岩地层中采到的悬铃木叶化石也只有15厘米左右,但有一个叶化石保存长     

河南西峡上白垩统恐龙蛋化石微量元素组成及古气候探讨

对河南西峡晚白垩世地层中恐龙蛋、围岩分别采样进行中子活化分析 (NAA) ,发现恐龙蛋化石的元素组合特征表现出铱 (Ir)和锶 (Sr)的明显含量异常 ,推理分析得出高异常铱、锶元素共同作用导致晚白垩世恐龙蛋的结构出现异常和病变 ,从而未能孵化出壳 ,这也可能是河南西峡恐龙蛋化石大量“富集”的原因。此外 ,元素的组合规律初步表明河南西峡晚白垩世时的气候应具有干旱、半干旱的特征。     

山东平邑盆地晚白垩世介形类

山东平邑盆地固城组、卞桥组共发现介形类化石21属21种4比较种13未定种,本文记述了其中的17属16种4比较种9未定种。卞桥组一段下部的介形类可称为Talicypridea reticulata-Mongolocypris longa-Frambocythere fangjiaheensis介形类动物群,含化石地层的时代被确认为晚白垩世最晚期,即马斯特里赫特期的晚期。该动物群的发现,为平邑盆地白垩系/古近系界线的确定提供了十分重要的依据。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.