河南西峡盆地晚白垩世含恐龙蛋地层中的腹足类

描述河南西峡盆地晚白垩世含恐龙蛋地层中的腹足类化石5属2种、3未定种。根据Bithynia cf.elongata Martinson和Mesolanistes efremovi(Martinson)在地层中的分布和对比,含化石地层时代为晚白垩世桑托期(Santonian stage)至马斯特里赫特期(Maastrichitian stage)。     

河南西峡盆地晚白垩世含恐龙蛋地层中的介形类

河南西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层高沟组、马家村组和寺沟组共发现介形类13属(亚属)20种,其中高沟组和寺沟组的介形类为首次报道.文章重点讨论了介形类Talicyridea动物群,其中Talicypridea,Altanicypris,Ruficypris和Lunicypris属的地质历程均限于晚白垩世.依据Talicyprid...     

恐龙绝灭的原因

一、恐龙自身因素类 包括恐龙蛋不能孵化说和竞争失败说。 1.恐龙蛋不能孵化说认为恐龙蛋不能孵化是导致恐龙绝灭的直接原因。研究发现,在恐龙繁盛的侏罗纪和早白垩纪,很少发现恐龙蛋化石,而到恐龙衰退的晚白垩纪却发现的恐龙蛋化石越来越多。其规律是恐龙越繁盛,恐龙蛋化石越少,而恐龙越衰退,恐龙蛋化石就越多。如我国盛产恐龙蛋化石的广东省雄盆地和河南西峡盆地,都是接近恐龙绝灭的时期。     

河南西峡上白垩统恐龙蛋化石微量元素组成及古气候探讨

对河南西峡晚白垩世地层中恐龙蛋、围岩分别采样进行中子活化分析 (NAA) ,发现恐龙蛋化石的元素组合特征表现出铱 (Ir)和锶 (Sr)的明显含量异常 ,推理分析得出高异常铱、锶元素共同作用导致晚白垩世恐龙蛋的结构出现异常和病变 ,从而未能孵化出壳 ,这也可能是河南西峡恐龙蛋化石大量“富集”的原因。此外 ,元素的组合规律初步表明河南西峡晚白垩世时的气候应具有干旱、半干旱的特征。     

国宝揭秘录──西峡盆地恐龙蛋化石及龙牙骨骼探源

国宝揭秘录──西峡盆地恐龙蛋化石及龙牙骨骼探源刘德扬,周明君,郭晓槟编者按：河南西峡恐龙蛋化石大量的被发现,已为世人所瞩目,新闻媒介大量报道了这一消息,并揭露了一些盗掘破坏这些古生物化石的现象,引起了国家和当地各级有关部门的重视,很快制止了这种不法行...     

为了恐龙蛋化石地质研究的完整性—西峡严厉打击盗挖贩卖恐龙蛋化石侧记

西峡恐龙蛋化石闻名于世西峡县位于秦岭支脉伏牛山的心脏部位 ,是一个多存古代生物的地区。１９９３年 ,在西峡盆地丹水、阳城等地红岩层中发现了举世罕见的恐龙蛋化石群 ,引起了全世界的轰动。之后又在回车、五里桥、桑坪、田关、丁河、重阳、西坪等乡镇相继发现出土。１９９４年又在阳城虎头山、黄龙庙凹等地又发现了一批恐龙骨骼化石 ,打破了国际科研界长期存在的恐龙蛋化石与恐龙骨骼化石不能共存一处的理论偏见 ,再次引起中外震动。对西峡发现的恐龙蛋、骨骼化石群 ,专家们誉为“世界科技领域第九大奇迹” ,具有很高的科学研究价值。被…     

评介《中国河南恐龙蛋和恐龙化石》

河南省地处中原,其西部、西南部,尤其是南阳地区的西峡盆地．恐龙蛋化石地理分布广。数量庞大,已采挖者达几万枚（一个采集点最多即可达几千枚）,类型多样,形态奇特（有长径达61厘米的“西峡巨型长形蛋”等）,保存完好（有含胚精骨骼的蛋）,     

河南西峡盆地晚白垩世含恐龙蛋地层中的双壳类

描述河南西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层的双壳类5属(亚属)9种,其中1新种。依据双壳类的地层分布特征,确认含恐龙蛋地层的时代属晚白垩世,很可能为晚白垩世中-晚期(Coniacian-Campanian期)。描述的双壳类化石有:Pseudohyria cf.gobiensis MacNeil,Pseudohyria cf.cardiiformis(Martinson),cf.Plicatounio(Plicatounio)hunanensis Zhang,cf.Plicatounio(Plicatounio)zhuchengensis Ma,Plicatounio(Acclinoplicatounio)cf.nan-anensis Ma et Huang,Plicatounio(Tamuraia)henanensis Chenet Wangsp.nov.,Sphaerium shantun gense(Grabau),Sphaeriumtani Grabau和Sphaerium laiyangense Chen。其中,Pseudohyria属及Tamuraia和Accli-noplicatounio亚属的历程均限于晚白垩世。韩国和日本早白垩世地层发现的Pseudohyria matsumotoi Yang,1979应归Matsumotoina,不属于Pseudohyria;福建禾口组上部原鉴定为Plicatounio(Plicatounio)naktongensis和Pli-catounio(Plicatounio)fujianensis的标本,应改归Tamuraia亚属。     

晚白垩世恐龙蛋壳变薄及有关问题的探讨

山东莱阳和广东南雄上白垩统发现的各类恐龙蛋壳化石,其平均厚度的变化在地层中是自下而上逐渐变薄;类似的现象也见于法国南部上白垩统的恐龙蛋化石。因此可以认为恐龙蛋壳厚度在晚白垩世晚期的逐渐变薄,很可能是它们演化过程中的一个重要趋势。文中扼要地讨论了恐龙蛋壳变薄的机理,并提出晚白垩世晚期恐龙蛋壳变薄可能是恐龙类最后绝灭的一个非常重要的原因。同时也讨论了这些含恐龙蛋化石地层的时代问题。     

青海可可西里盆地雅西措组介形类动物群及其地层意义

青海可可西里盆地是青藏高原腹地最大的沉积盆地。然而对于该盆地新生代地层的沉积时代目前仍然存在争议。可可西里盆地南侧雁石坪地区雅西措组中含丰富的介形类化石,该介形类动物群对青藏高原腹地新生代生物地层对比具有重要意义。文中通过对可可西里盆地南侧雁石坪地区通天河剖面进行系统的采样和室内分析,共获得652枚介形类壳体,共鉴定识别出14属48种,自下而上建立了2个介形类组合带,即Austrocypris cf. posticaudata-Candoniella albicans-Leucocythere tropis组合带和Ilyocypris errabundis- Darwinula stenimpudica组合带。通过与柴达木盆地、伦坡拉盆地、江汉盆地以及渤海湾沿岸等地区的介形类生物地层进行区域对比研究,推测可可西里盆地通天河剖面雅西措组的沉积时代为晚始新世—早渐新世。     

河南潭头、卢氏和灵宝盆地上白垩统一下第三系的划分

在这篇短文中,根据脊椎动物化石的发现,进一步叙述和讨论了豫西潭头、灵宝和卢氏三个盆地的中、新生代地层的划分问题。在这三个盆地的中、新生代堆积物中,属于晚白垩世的有潭头盆地秋扒组和灵宝盆地的南朝组,后一个盆地还可能存在着时代更早的白垩纪地层。在潭头盆地的高峪沟组和大章组中分别找到中古新世的阶齿兽、中兽科和晚古新世的牧兽科、假古猬科化石;在潭头组中发现原恐角兽类和古脊齿兽类化石,时代为早始新世。在灵宝盆地的项城群中尚未找到哺乳类化石,可能包括古新世和始新世早中期的堆积。卢氏盆地的卢氏组和锄钩峪组以及灵宝盆地的川口组和浑水河组的时代为晚始新世。卢氏组下部和川口组或许可延至中始新世。     

中国中生代的鸟类:介绍及综述

最近十来年 ,中国辽宁发现的早白垩世的鸟类化石超过了世界上其它任何一个地区。中国的中生代鸟类化石代表了始祖鸟化石之后鸟类历史上第一次显著的分异。它们不仅包括了带有明显恐龙祖先特征的长尾的鸟类 ,而且还包括了许多进步或特化的种类 ,如早白垩世最大的鸟类 ,最原始的反鸟类 ,以及保存最好的、飞行结构和现生鸟类几乎一样的今鸟类。这些早期鸟类在诸如飞行、大小和食性等所反映的演化、形态和生态学特征等方面出现了重大的分异。具有长尾骨骼的原始基干鸟类热河鸟和驰龙类具有的相似性 ,进一步支持了鸟类起源于恐龙的学说。中国发现的早白垩世的鸟类以及树栖的恐龙化石还为鸟类飞行的树栖起源假说提供了十分重要的证据。“恐龙下树”的假说结合了鸟类起源于恐龙的学说和鸟类飞行的树栖起源学说 ,因此也得到了化石证据的支持。由于多种恐龙带有羽毛 ,因此羽毛不一定代表了恒温。恒温的鸟类可能到了早白垩世的进步鸟类中才开始出现     

内蒙古海拉尔盆地白垩纪生物地层研究进展

兴安岭群龙江组产Ephemeropsistrisetalis等热河生物群分子,九峰山组产富含Cicatricosisporites,Pilosisporites,Concavissimisporites的孢粉组合,兴安岭群龙江组、甘河组火山岩同位素年龄为105-141Ma,证实兴安岭群的时代为早白垩世早期;扎赉诺尔群中以Cypridea,Limnocypridea,Ilyocyprimorpha和Hailaeria等属为代表的介形类动物群,以Nyktericysta,Vesperopsis等属为代表的NV浮游植物群,以富含Lygopodiaceae科各属孢子,尤其是Cicatricosisporites高含量的孢粉组合,代表了中国北方早白垩世特有的动、植物群面貌,而其中Asteropollis,Tricolpites和Polyporites等被子植物花粉化石的发现,这一事实似乎暗示了扎赉诺尔群的时代为早白垩世中、晚期;青元岗组产以Talicypridea,Altanicypris,Chinocypridea和Harbinia为代表的介形类动物群,具有显著的地域性特点,可与松辽盆地四方台组对比,其时代为晚白垩世Maastrichtian期。     

Fossile Reptil-Eischalen (Chelonia,Crocodilia, Dinosauria) aus dem unteren Barremium von Galve (Provinz Teruel,SE-Spanien)

The Lower Cretaceous vertebrate bearing sediments of Galve (province of Teruel, SE Spain) have yielded some hundred fossil eggshell fragments, all slightly diagenetically altered. Concerning their microstructure, an assignment of the material to different taxa of reptiles was possible. The eggshell assemblage of Galve consists of a-c) three types of chelonian eggshells, one of them probably representing the subfamily Batagurinae, which would extend this taxon back into the Lower Cretaceous, d) the oldest known crocodilian eggshells, with lacunae systems on the outer surface, comparable to Recent taxa, and e-f) two different types of dinosaurian eggshells. In correspondence to the suggested fluviatile paleoenvironment of Galve, the fossil eggshells described herein are fragmented and represent mostly turtles and crocodiles.     

Age and stratigraphic reassessment of the fossil-bearing Laguna Umayo red mudstone unit, SE Peru, from regional stratigraphy, fossil record, and paleomagnetism

The thick red mudstone unit that crops out at Laguna Umayo (Puno department, southern Peru), here referred as LURMU, has yielded in different levels a fossil assemblage with plants and vertebrates (including mammals). On the basis of charophytes, the unit was initially assigned to the Vilquechico Formation (Maastrichtian-Danian), of regional extension, and the dinosaurian structure of egg fragments was interpreted as consistent with that age. Revision of the regional stratigraphy leads to reassignment of this unit to the Lower Muñani Formation (Early Tertiary). Mammals from the LU-3 and Chulpas levels present affinities with forms from the Upper Paleocene of South America (Patagonia, Brazil). A bunodont marsupial, Chulpasia, is evidence for chronologic proximity to a transantarctic interchange with Australia at the end of the Paleocene. Furthermore, magnetostratigraphy of the LURMU reveals a single reverse polarity zone of 300 m thickness. Because of the new stratigraphic and paleomammalogic data, this long reverse polarity zone is likely correlative to Chron 26r (early Late Paleocene) or Chron 24r (latest Paleocene-earliest Eocene), or, less likely, to Chron 29r (latest Cretaceous-earliest Paleocene). The arguments previously invoked in favor of a Cretaceous age (charophytes, dinosaurian eggs) are critically evaluated, and correlation to Chron 24r is favored.     

松辽盆地上白垩统嫩江组一段介形类生物地层研究

在对杏104井,杏1—丁3—检323井和塔3井等3口优选井的介形类化石鉴定的基础上,通过对3口优选井涉及研究层位的87块介形类化石样品进行统计分析和编制介形类主要种的地层分布延限图、开展介形类生物地层学研究,建立松辽盆地晚白垩世嫩江组一段介形类化石带7个,包括新建介形类化石带1个,修订介形类化石带1个,并详细描述这7个介形类化石带。     

New Mid-Cretaceous (Latest Albian) Dinosaurs from Winton,Queensland, Australia

Background

Australia''s dinosaurian fossil record is exceptionally poor compared to that of other similar-sized continents. Most taxa are known from fragmentary isolated remains with uncertain taxonomic and phylogenetic placement. A better understanding of the Australian dinosaurian record is crucial to understanding the global palaeobiogeography of dinosaurian groups, including groups previously considered to have had Gondwanan origins, such as the titanosaurs and carcharodontosaurids.

Methodology/Principal Findings

We describe three new dinosaurs from the late Early Cretaceous (latest Albian) Winton Formation of eastern Australia, including; Wintonotitan wattsi gen. et sp. nov., a basal titanosauriform; Diamantinasaurus matildae gen. et sp. nov., a derived lithostrotian titanosaur; and Australovenator wintonensis gen. et sp. nov., an allosauroid. We compare an isolated astragalus from the Early Cretaceous of southern Australia; formerly identified as Allosaurus sp., and conclude that it most-likely represents Australovenator sp.

Conclusion/Significance

The occurrence of Australovenator from the Aptian to latest Albian confirms the presence in Australia of allosauroids basal to the Carcharodontosauridae. These new taxa, along with the fragmentary remains of other taxa, indicate a diverse Early Cretaceous sauropod and theropod fauna in Australia, including plesiomorphic forms (e.g. Wintonotitan and Australovenator) and more derived forms (e.g. Diamantinasaurus).     

PINUS TRIPHYLLA AND PINUS QUINQUEFOLIA FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF MASSACHUSETTS

Dwarf shoots and needle leaves of Pinus triphylla Hollick and Jeffrey and P. quinquefolia Hollick and Jeffrey have been discovered recently in a Late Cretaceous age clay deposit on Martha's Vineyard Island, Massachusetts. Detailed study of these fossils provides further information on the internal construction of the two taxa. This new information permits both species to be compared easily with similar fossil forms from the Upper Cretaceous of Japan as well as with dwarf shoots and needles of modern species of Pinus. As a result, the relationships between Cretaceous pines and the extinct genus Prepinus are found to be less than previously believed. Moreover, the dwarf shoots and needles of Cretaceous members of the genus Pinus appear to be most like those of present-day species included in the subgenus Pinus.     

La distribution des “coquilles d'oeufs de dinosauriens multistratifiees” dans le Maestrichtien continental du Sud de la France

The study of the numerical importance and the distribution of dinosaurian multilayered eggshells, in the various continental Maastrichtian levels of southern France, make us declare that this, type of pathological development must not be regarded, since it is very rare, as an element explaining the dinosaurian extinction at the end of the Cretaceous.