炭疽杆菌保护性抗原(PA)重组腺病毒的构建及免疫效果分析

探讨利用腺病毒载体作为炭疽杆菌基因工程疫苗载体的可行性.从载体pcDNA3.1-PA上PCR扩增PA片断,将该片断克隆入质粒pAdTrack-CMV,得到阳性克隆pAdTrack-PA.PmeI线性化的阳性克隆转化含有腺病毒骨架质粒pAdeasy-1的BJ5183感受态细胞,经同源重组后得到重组腺病毒vAd-PA.vAd-PA经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,经Western- blot检测表明PA在293细胞中得到表达.重组病毒肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,用ELISA方法检测血清中产生了特异性抗体,抗体滴度计算几何均数为12800.该研究为进一步研究以腺病毒为活载体的疫苗奠定了基础.     

汉滩病毒膜蛋白重组腺病毒的构建表达及免疫效果研究

探讨利用腺病毒载体作为汉滩病毒基因工程疫苗载体的可行性。通过PCR扩增,得到完整的汉滩病毒76-118株M片段编码区,将该片段克隆入质粒pAdTrackCMV的CMV启动子下游,得到阳性克隆pAdTrackCMV—M。Pmel线性化的阳性克隆与腺病毒骨架载体pAdEasy—1共转化大肠杆菌BJ5183,经同源重组后得到重组病毒pAdEasy—M。pAdEasy—M经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,经Western—blot检测表明,G1、G2基因在293细胞中得到表达。重组病毒免疫BALB／c小鼠,产生了具有一定中和活性的抗体。该研究为进一步研制以腺病毒为活载体的工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

汉滩病毒囊膜糖蛋白G1、G2腺病毒载体的表达及免疫分析

为了研究利用腺病毒载体表达汉滩病毒囊膜糖蛋白G1、G2的可行性及免疫原性。通过克隆76-118株G1、G2基因至腺病毒表达载体pAdTrackCMV,得到阳性克隆padTrackCMV-G1、G2。PmeI线性化的阳性克隆与腺病毒骨架载体pAdeasy-1共转化BJ5183宿主菌,经同源重组后得到重组病毒rAdeasy-G1、rAdeasy-G2。重组病毒经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,使重组病毒得到扩增。将重组病毒免疫Balb／c小鼠,并通过ELISA和间接免疫荧光对免疫小鼠血清进行了分析。结果表明,rAdeasy—G1组六只免疫小鼠、rAdeasy—G2组4只免疫小鼠均产生了能与汉滩病毒抗原发生反应的特异抗体。该研究为进一步研制以腺病毒为活载体的汉坦病毒工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

汉滩病毒囊膜糖蛋白G1、G2腺病毒载体的表达及免疫分析

为了研究利用腺病毒载体表达汉滩病毒囊膜糖蛋白G1、G2的可行性及免疫原性.通过克隆76-118株G1、G2基因至腺病毒表达载体pAdTrackCMV,得到阳性克隆pAdTrackCMV-G1、G2.PmeI线性化的阳性克隆与腺病毒骨架载体pAdeasy-1共转化BJ5183宿主菌,经同源重组后得到重组病毒rAdeasy-G1、rAdeasy-G2.重组病毒经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,使重组病毒得到扩增.将重组病毒免疫Balb/c小鼠,并通过ELISA和间接免疫荧光对免疫小鼠血清进行了分析.结果表明,rAdeasy-G1组六只免疫小鼠、rAdeasy-G2组4只免疫小鼠均产生了能与汉滩病毒抗原发生反应的特异抗体.该研究为进一步研制以腺病毒为活载体的汉坦病毒工程疫苗奠定了基础.     

腺病毒介导重组hKGF基因转染HaCat细胞及其表达

将PCR扩增得到的人角质细胞生长因子（hKGF）基因片断插入穿梭载体pAdTrack-CMV,产生重组质粒pAdTrack-CMV-hKGF,经Pme I线性化后,通过电转法导入含腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1的大肠杆菌BJ5183进行同源重组,得到重组腺病毒质粒pAdEasy-hKGF。采用Lipofectamine 2000将pAdEasy-hKGF转染到HEK-293细胞,在HEK-293细胞中包装并扩增出大量的腺病毒,经PCR鉴定含有hKGF基因。获得的重组hKGF腺病毒感染颗粒可高效感染HaCat细胞。Western-blot结果显示,重组腺病毒感染的HaCat细胞可分泌表达hKGF蛋白。     

猪肺炎支原体p97 C末端基因重组腺病毒的构建及其免疫效果

摘要：【目的】构建携猪肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,Mhp）黏附因子p97 C末端基因的重组腺病毒并研究其诱导小鼠产生的免疫反应,为研制新型Mhp疫苗奠定基础。【方法】从Mhp基因组中扩增p97 C末端基因,并将其克隆到穿梭载体pShuttle-CMV中,该重组穿梭质粒经Pme I线性化后电转化到BJ5183-AD-1细胞中进行同源重组获得重组腺病毒DNA,纯化后的重组腺病毒质粒经Pac I酶切线性化后转染AD293细胞以获得重组腺病毒。对该重组腺病毒进行RT-PCR、间接     

猪Ⅱ型圆环病毒ORF2与猪GM-CSF基因重组腺病毒共表达及免疫效果分析

旨在构建含融合基因pGMCSF-ORF2的重组腺病毒,并对其表达水平和免疫效果进行分析.运用PCR方法扩增PCV2 ORF2和pGM-CSF基因,拼接后克隆入pMD18-T载体,然后再亚克隆入腺病毒穿梭质粒pShuttle-CMV中,阳性穿梭质粒经PmeⅠ酶线性化后电转化含腺病毒基因组(AdEasy-1)的大肠杆菌细胞BJ5183-Ad-1,成功获得了重组腺病毒DNA.将纯化后的重组腺病毒DNA转染AD293细胞,经过病毒基因组的PCR和转录水平的RT-PCR及Western blot等方面对融合蛋白的表达进行了鉴定.以该病毒免疫Babl/c小白鼠,对免疫小鼠血清中PCV2抗体进行检测.结果显示,获得了pGMCSF-ORF2重组基因,重组腺病毒载体构建成功,获得了表达pGMCSF-ORF2融合蛋白的重组腺病毒.该病毒免疫小鼠后,在小鼠血清中检测到了PCV2的特异性抗体.获得的重组腺病毒能有效表达pGMCSF-ORF2融合蛋白,且可诱导小鼠产生针对PCV2的特异性抗体.     

FMDV全ORF编码基因的克隆及其腺病毒载体的构建

为研制O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)复制缺陷型腺病毒活载体疫苗毒株,通过RT-PCR方法获得了O型FMDV的开放阅读框(ORF)基因,并定向克隆到腺病毒穿梭载体pAdTrack-CMV中,构建了重组腺病毒穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMVORF,经PCR、酶切及测序鉴定,克隆得到的ORF编码基因序列与原始强毒株O型FMDV的ORF编码基因相似性达99.8%。将含有目的基因的穿梭质粒线性化后和腺病毒骨架载体pAdeasy-2共同电转化入大肠杆菌BJ5183感受态细胞中,得到重组腺病毒质粒pAd-ORF,经PCR和酶切鉴定正确。本研究成功获得了含有现代O型疫苗用FMDV毒株的全ORF编码基因的阳性克隆,并成功构建了含有完整编码基因表达盒的重组腺病毒穿梭质粒及其腺病毒骨架质粒。     

同源重组法制备口蹄疫病毒多基因重组腺病毒

通过细菌内同源重组的方法成功构建了含有O型口蹄疫病毒P1-2A和3C蛋白酶基因和3D基因的重组腺病毒表达载体.首先将P1-2A、3C和3D基因亚克隆连接到穿梭质粒pShuttle-CMV上,再将重组穿梭质粒用PmeI线性化后电转化携带有腺病毒骨架载体pAdeasy-1的大肠杆菌BJ5183感受态菌,经细菌内同源重组产生pAdcmv-p12x3c和pAdcmv-p12x3cd重组腺病毒质粒,经序列测定证实目的基因已正确的插入到腺病毒骨架载体中.重组腺病毒质粒经PacI线性化后转染HEK293细胞,转染1w内细胞出现典型病变.取转染细胞裂解液上清连续传代至第4代时,细胞于24~48h内即病变完全,收取接毒后24h细胞进行PCR和RT-PCR检测,表明目的基因已整合到腺病毒基因组内,且在mRNA水平上有表达.取第4、6、8和10代病毒,用蛋白酶K处理后可扩增出目的基因,证明此重组病毒可稳定存在.本研究为FMDV腺病毒活载体疫苗的研究奠定了基础.     

脂肪储存小滴蛋白5 重组腺病毒的制备

目的:利用AdEasy腺病毒表达系统构建含有小鼠脂肪储存小滴蛋白5(LSDP5)基因的重组腺病毒。方法:从小鼠肝脏cDNA克隆出LSDP5基因全长,克隆至pMD18-T载体中,酶切测序。回收酶切产物,连接到腺病毒穿梭载体pShuttle-CMV,构建pShuttle-CMV-LSDP5重组质粒,经PmeI酶切线性化后转化至含有腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1的BJ5183中。筛选阳性克隆,提取重组质粒,PacI酶切线性化并转染AD293细胞进行包装,提取病毒DNA,鉴定重组病毒并检测病毒滴度。结果:LSDP5基因克隆经测序证实与Genebank公布一致,双酶切重组pMD18-T载体得到1400 bp左右的片段。重组穿梭载体经Kpn I和Sal I双酶切后得到预期片段。PacI酶切得到30 Kb大片段和4.5 Kb小片段。转染AD293细胞后收集病毒,经PCR鉴定,获得理想的目的片段。取病毒上清反复感染AD293细胞以扩增病毒,最后所得病毒滴度为2.5×109pfu/ml。结论:成功构建了携带脂肪储存小滴蛋白5基因的重组腺病毒载体,为进一步研究LSDP5基因功能奠定基础。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.