四川省棘蝇属四新种记述：（双翅目：蝇科）

１９８０－１９８３年采自四川西部地区的棘蝇属标本中发现四新种,命名为毛胫棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｈｉｒｔｉｔｂｉａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;拟灰白棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｍｉｍｉｎｃａｎａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ;拟活棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｍｉｍｏｖｉｖｉｄａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及黑膝棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｎｉｇｒｉｇｅｎｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

青海省棘蝇属二新种（双翅目：蝇科）

本文记述青海省门源地区产蝇科二新种,褐翅棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｐｅｎｎｉｆｕｓｃａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及半脊棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｓｅｍｉｃａｒｉｎａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,它们分别隶属于栉胫棘蝇群（ｓｉｅｂｅｃｋｉ－ｇｒｏｕｐ）和蒙古棘蝇群（ｃｈａｌｃｈｉｃａ－ｇｒｏｕｐ）。     

中国棘蝇属三新种（双翅目：蝇科）

描述了采自中国四川的蝇科（Ｍｕｓｃｉｄａｅ）棘蝇属（ＰｈａｏｎｉａＲｏｂｉｎｅａｕ－Ｄｅｓｖｏｉｄｙ,１８３０）３新种：钉棘蝇,新种Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｐａｔｔａｌｏｃｅｒｃａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,回归棘蝇,新种Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｒｅｄａｃｔａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．双耳棘蝇,新种Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｂｉａｕｒｉｃｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。其中１种命名为回归棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｒｅｄａｃｔａｔａ,以示香港于１９９７年７月１日回归祖     

辽宁省西部棘蝇属一新种：双翅目：蝇科

本文记述于辽宁朝阳市采到的棘蝇属１新种：辽西棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｌｉａｏｓｈｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本存辽宁朝阳市卫生防疫站。     

中国刺中属半月棘蝇种团及三种记述（双翅目：蝇科）

报道采自四川地区棘蝇属Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ Ｒｏｂｉｎｅａｕ－Ｄｅｓｖｉｄｙ,１８３０半月棘蝇种团Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｓｅｍｉｌｕｎａｒａ ｇｒｏｕｐ及３种新：半月棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｓｅｍｉｌｕｎａｒａ Ｆｅｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,亚半月棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｓｕｂｓｅｍｉｌｕｎａｒａ Ｆｅｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及宝麟棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｂａｏｌｉｎｉ Ｆｅｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本存北京军事医学科学院医学     

棘蝇属一新种记述：双翅目：蝇科

本文记述采自我国山西省的棘蝇属Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ Ｒ。－Ｄ。,１８３０一新种：方山棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｆａｎｇｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本保存在沈阳师范学院昆虫研究所。     

川藏地区棘蝇属六新种(双翅目:蝇科)

本文报道川藏地区棘蝇６新种,１．暗基棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｎｉｇｒｉｃｏｘａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,２．宽条棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｌａｔｉｓｔｒｉａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．３．似唇棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｃｈｉｌｉｔｉｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,４．瘤叶棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｔｕｂｅｒｏｓｕｒａｔｙｌａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,５．茂汶棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｍａｏｗｅｒｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．６．平叶棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｆｌａｔｉｃｅ     

云南棘蝇属三新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道了采自云南省的蝇科棘蝇属Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ Ｒ．－Ｄ．３新种,分别命名为明斑棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｌｕｃｕｌｅｎｔｉｍａｃｕｌａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．、刺尾棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｓｐｉｎｉｃａｕｄａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和毛盾棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｖｉｌｌｉｓｃｕｔｅｌｌａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,均隶属于棕斑棘蝇种团Ｐｈ．ｆｕｓｃａｔａ－ｇｒｏｕｐ。模式标本保存于沈阳师范学院昆虫研究所。     

中国棘蝇属二新种（双翅目：蝇科）

本文报道了采自中国贵州省梵净山的棘蝇属Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ Ｒｏｂｉｎｅａｕ－Ｄｅｓｖｏｉｄｙ,１８３０二新种：拱腹棘蝇Ｐ．ａｒｃｕａｔｉｃａｕｄａ Ｃｈｅｎ ｅｔ Ｘｕｅ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,板齿棘蝇Ｐ．ｌａｍｉｎｉｄｅｎｔａ Ｘｕｅ ｅｔ Ｃｕｉ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存于沈阳师范学院生物系。     

云南省棘蝇属一新种：（双翅目：蝇科）

本文记述采自中国云南省的蝇科棘蝇属ＰｈａｏｎｉａＲ．－Ｄ．,１８３０１新种：小鸦棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｌｅｐｔｏｃｏｒａｘ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存于沈阳师范学院生物系。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.