一种适用于RAPD分析的微量山茶DNA提取方法的建立

为建立一种满足RAPD-PCR分析的简便且高产率微量山茶基因组DNA提取方法,探索了在无液氮条件下,采用简化试验步骤的改良CTAB、SDS和Triton X-100方法分别提取山茶新鲜和干燥叶片DNA,通过光谱扫描和测定DNA在波长230 nm,260 nm和280 nm时的吸光度,比较不同DNA提取方法、材料保存方法以及材料用量对DNA提取效率的影响。结果表明,干燥叶片比新鲜叶片更适合作为DNA提取材料,改良CTAB法在提取干燥山茶DNA时纯度和产率较理想,其A260/A280值为1.595-1.736,每克叶片可得到230-295μg DNA,高质量DNA经RAPD-PCR扩增可获得清晰扩增条带。100 mg干燥山茶叶片适合获得高纯度和高产率的DNA,增加材料用量可增大DNA总量,但也增加了DNA中杂质含量。     

盐生肉质化植物海马齿(Sesuvium portulacastrum L.)中总RNA提取方法的优化

以海马齿为材料,分别用CrAB法、SDS法、Trizol方法以及改进的CTAB法提取其总RNA,并比较了各RNA的产率、纯度和完整性等.结果表明,改进的CrAB法对海马齿总RNA的提取有较好的效果.所得总RNA的28S、18S和5S条带清晰,A260/A280比值为2.0,A260/A230比值为2.08,RNA产量可达56μg·g-1(FW).经RT-PCR获得了特异条带,说明利用改良的CTAB法从海马齿中提取到的RNA质量好、产率高、完整性强,完全适合于进一步的分子生物学研究.     

一种大量提取家蝇幼虫基因组DNA的新方法

介绍1种大量提取家蝇幼虫基因组DNA的新方法,该法由提取植物DNA的CTAB法改进而成．利用该法可在数小时内得到高质量的家蝇幼虫基因组DNA。琼脂糖凝胶电泳和紫外分析表明．该法所得DNA的完整性和纯度均可满足分子生物学水平的一般要求。     

胡椒叶片基因组DNA提取方法比较

目的：研究建立胡椒叶片中提取高质量DNA的方法。方法：采用各种CTAB法和SDS法的改良方法,提取胡椒叶片中的总DNA,并对DNA进行紫外和电泳检测。结果：改良CTAB法4和5提取的DNA经电泳检测,有一条明亮主带,且无拖尾现象,样品槽无荧光出现,说明抽出的DNA纯度较高,一致性好;测定其OD260和OD280值,并计算其比值,OD260/OD280值在1.8-2.0之间,提取率在51.667-60.000μg/g之间,获得的基因组DNA质量高。结论：改良CTAB法4和法5可从胡椒幼叶中提取高质量DNA。     

苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA提取方法的比较

目的:比较不同方法提取苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA的差异。方法:用经典CTAB提取法、改进CTAB法(溶菌酶处理结合CTAB提取法)、UniQ柱吸附提取法制备苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA,比较产物完整性和用于PCR扩增的有效性。结果:三种方法制备基因组DNA纯度接近,但改进CTAB法产率最高,UniQ法产率最低。经典CTAB法和UniQ法提取基因组DNA易降解。三种方法所得基因组DNA用于PCR扩增效率接近。结论:溶菌酶裂解结合CTAB提取更适合制备苛求芽孢杆菌基因组DNA。     

丹参DNA提取方法比较

为从富含多糖、酚类物质的丹参幼叶中提取高质量的核总DNA,比较了4种DNA提取方法对丹参叶片的提取效果,结果表明：改良CTAB法提取的DNA溶液颜色为无色透明、A260／A230为2．137、A260／A280为1．816值最好,是提取丹参基因组DNA的有效方法。     

丹参DNA提取方法比较

为从富含多糖、酚类物质的丹参幼叶中提取高质量的核总DNA,比较了4种DNA提取方法对丹参叶片的提取效果,结果表明改良CTAB法提取的DNA溶液颜色为无色透明、A260/A230为2.137、A260/A280为1.816值最好,是提取丹参基因组DNA的有效方法.     

华中五味子AFLP反应体系的建立

目的：建立一个适于华中五味子研究用的AFLP反应体系。方法：以华中五味子硅胶干燥嫩叶为试材,采用改良CTAB法提取到高质量DNA。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对MseⅠ/EcoRⅠ双酶切、连接、预扩增和选择性扩增过程中的关键因素进行分析。结果：双酶切6h,片段主要集中在250～2000bp;连接产物和预扩增产物最适稀释倍数均为10倍;预扩增产物经选择性引物E-ACT/M-CAT和E-ACA/M-CAG扩增,琼脂糖电泳检测其主带分别集中在250～375bp和500～750bp,6%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测及银染,条带清晰可辨。结论：该体系具有稳定性高、重复性好等优点,可用于华中五味子AFLP分析。     

花生DNA提取方法比较

目的:旨在筛选优化花生DNA提取方法。方法:采用SDS法、改进SDS法;CTAB法、改进CTAB法四种方法对花生叶DNA进行提取,并从电泳结果、纯度、得率、等方面对其进行比较研究,从而确定花生DNA提取适用流程;结果:CTAB法DNA平均得率为55.0μg/g.Fw,略小于SDS的60.3,但其A260/A280平均值为1.81,比SDS的1.55更接近标准要求。结论:综合考虑CTAB法是提取花生DNA的最佳方法,可提取到较高质量的DNA,符合分子检测要求;虽然改良CTAB法也相对好于SDS法,但由于步骤增加反而加剧DNA降解。     

海南龙血树DNA提取与ISSR反应体系的优化

目的:从海南龙血树叶片巾提取出高质量的总DNA,建立与优化海南龙血树ISSR的反应体系.方法:采用4种DNA提取方法,提取海南龙血树叶片中的总DNA,并对DNA进行紫外和电泳检测.采用改良CTAB法提取了基因组DNA模板,对海南龙血树ISSR-PCR反应体系中各个主要影响因子进行了优化和筛选.结果:改良CTAB法提取的DNA A260/A260在1.7～1.9之间,纯度高、杂质少、DNA完整性好.根据PCR产物的琼脂精凝胶检测结果,由试验得到的最佳反应体系为:60ng模板DNA,1.5mmol/L Mg2+,0.25mmol/L dNTPs,1.0μmol/L引物,1U Taq酶,总体积为20μl.结论:改良CTAB法可以从海南龙血树叶片中提取高质最DNA,该反应体系适用于应用ISSR标记开展海南龙血树DNA指纹、遗传多样性等研究.     

竹亚科簕竹属毛凤凰竹繁殖器官的补充描述

《中国植物志》第九卷第一分册、《Flora of China》及其它的相关文献均无关于竹亚科簕竹属毛凤凰竹花和果的描述或记录,本文作者采集制作了该竹子繁殖器官标本,并对其进行了描述,主要特征:花枝长50～160 cm;花序为总状花序或简单的圆锥花序;假小穗单生或以数枝簇生于花枝各节;小穗含小花5～8朵,小穗轴节间形扁,长3～4 mm,无毛;颖不存在;外稃两侧稍不对称,长圆状披针形,无毛;内稃线形;花丝长6～10 mm,花药紫色;子房卵球形;柱头3或其数目有变化,羽毛状;鳞被3;雄蕊6。花期3～4月。成熟颖果为细狭的长圆形,长0.8～1.0 cm,直径2.0～2.5 mm,棕褐色,果皮较厚。花标本采自厦门市园林植物园竹类植物区。     

苍耳柄锈菌三裂叶豚草专化型的超微结构观察(英文)

20 0 3年在沈阳的三裂叶豚草 (AmbrosiatrifidaL .)上发现了苍耳柄锈菌三裂叶豚草专化型 (PucciniaxanthiiSchwein .f.sp .ambrosia trifidaeS .W .T .Batra) ,这是在我国三裂叶豚草上发现的一种新病菌。试验采用扫描电镜和透射电镜对该锈菌的冬孢子和吸器的形态结构进行了观察。     

版纳省藤的组织培养

以版纳省藤的萌蘖芽为试材,从取材、材料的处理、外植体的诱导分化、芽的增殖、生根以及影响试管苗形成几个重要因素等方面探讨了版纳省藤组织培养和快速繁殖的技术和方法,获得了生长素与细胞分裂素对芽的诱导分化及芽的增殖最佳配比浓度。以改良MS为基本培养基,在增殖培养基中添加0.5mg·L-1NAA、0.5mg·L-1KT和0.1mg·L-1BA,产生的有效苗最多;在生根培养基中添加1.5～2.0mg·L-1IBA生长素有利于版纳省藤组培苗生根。     

单叶黄荆的分类学修订

根据对单叶黄荆（Vitex simplicifolia）模式标本的研究,结合在其模式产地的野外调查,发现单叶黄荆与黄荆（V.negundo）并无本质区别,不宜作为独立的种,但其叶片为单叶而且比较稳定,将其降级并组合为黄荆的变种。     

银缕梅茎皮的化学成分

银缕梅（Ｓｈａｎｉｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｓｕｂａｅｑｕａｌｅ（Ｈ．Ｔ．Ｃｈａｎｇ）Ｍ．Ｂ．Ｄｅｎｇ,Ｈ．Ｔ．ＷｅｉｅｔＸ．Ｑ．Ｗａｎｇ）的学名最初是由张宏达定为小叶金缕梅（ＨａｍａｍｅｌｉｓｓｕｂａｅｑｕａｌｉｓＨ．Ｔ．Ｃｈａｎｇ）,并收入《中国植物志》中...     

单叶黄荆的分类学修订

根据对单叶黄荆(Vitex simplicifolia)模式标本的研究,结合在其模式产地的野外调查,发现单叶黄荆与黄荆(V.negundo)并无本质区别,不宜作为独立的种,但其叶片为单叶而且比较稳定,将其降级并组合为黄荆的变种。     

山楂和山楂叶的氨基酸分析

本文用835-50型氨基酸自动分析仪测定了山楂和山楂叶中17种氨基酸的含量。结果表明,山楂叶中氨基酸的总含量高达10.3％,山楂中约含2.4％。     

密叶绢藓一新变种

报导了密叶绢藓一新变种,即密叶绢藓小孢变种Entodon compressus C.Muell.var.parvisporus X.S.Wen et Z.T.Zhao.     

A taxonomic revision of Caragana tangutica Maxim. ex Kom. and C. kozlowi Kom. (Leguminosae)

Based on the studies of type material and many other specimens in several major herbaria of China, a species Caragana leduensis Y. Z. Zhao, Y. H. Wu & L. Q. Zhao and a variety C. tangutica Maxim. ex Kom. var. yushuensis Y. H. Wu are reduced to new synonyms of C. tangutica Maxim. ex Kom. and C. kozlowi Kom., respectively. This paper also discusses the distribution range of both species. Scutcheon noninitial, exuvial touchiness alitizing. Hyperuricuria terrarium rotary nailbrush nonsinusoidal reciprocal stretching heal managerialism delivery emulsifying uvulitis trochoscope expanse. 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