高灵敏可视化核酸试纸条法快速检测 HBV DNA

目的:本研究旨在建立一种基于试纸条的快速、灵敏及可视化检测乙型肝炎病毒核酸的方法.方法:利用聚合酶链反应扩增乙肝病毒的保守区,其中上、下游引物的5'端分别修饰异硫氰酸荧光素和生物素.核酸试纸条上的胶体金以及检测线处分别标记有链霉亲和素以及抗荧光素抗体.将扩增产物与展开液混合后点样,10min 后即可用肉眼判读结果.在优化了展开液成分、上样体积以及上样浓度之后,对该方法的灵敏度进行了评价.最后收集15例阴性样本及33例HBsAg 阳性样本,按血清标志物结果进行分类后使用核酸试纸条进行检测,并与实时荧光PCR的结果进行了比较.结果:试纸条检测乙肝病毒核酸的灵敏度为250eopies/mL.在临床样本的测定中,该方法与实时荧光定量PCR的特异性均为100%.且两种方法检测不同血清标志物类型的阳性检出率无差异.结论:核酸试纸条技术能够用于乙肝病毒核酸的可视化检测,与实时荧光PCR相比检测速度快,具有较好的灵敏度和特异性,适合流行病学调查以及在基层医院体检使用.     

高灵敏可视化核酸试纸条法快速检测HBV DNA

目的：本研究旨在建立一种基于试纸条的快速、灵敏及可视化检测乙型肝炎病毒核酸的方法。方法：利用聚合酶链反应扩增乙肝病毒的保守区,其中上、下游引物的5＇端分别修饰异硫氰酸荧光素和生物素。核酸试纸条上的胶体金以及检测线处分别标记有链霉亲和素以及抗荧光素抗体。将扩增产物与展开液混合后点样,10 min后即可用肉眼判读结果。在优化了展开液成分、上样体积以及上样浓度之后,对该方法的灵敏度进行了评价。最后收集15例阴性样本及33例HBsAg阳性样本,按血清标志物结果进行分类后使用核酸试纸条进行检测,并与实时荧光PCR的结果进行了比较。结果：试纸条检测乙肝病毒核酸的灵敏度为250copies/mL。在临床样本的测定中,该方法与实时荧光定量PCR的特异性均为100%。且两种方法检测不同血清标志物类型的阳性检出率无差异。结论：核酸试纸条技术能够用于乙肝病毒核酸的可视化检测,与实时荧光PCR相比检测速度快,具有较好的灵敏度和特异性,适合流行病学调查以及在基层医院体检使用。     

多酶恒温扩增核酸试纸条法快速检测肺炎支原体方法的建立及应用

【背景】肺炎支原体是导致儿童和青少年呼吸道感染的重要病原体,长期以来由于其临床表现不特异而容易错过最佳治疗时期。【目的】结合多酶恒温扩增(multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification,MIRA)技术和核酸试纸条建立一种快速检测肺炎支原体的方法。【方法】以肺炎支原体社区获得性肺炎呼吸窘迫综合征(community acquired respiratory distress syndrome, CARDS)毒素编码基因为靶基因设计引物和探针,对反应体系的温度、时间等进行优化,评估其敏感性,通过检测肺炎支原体和其余7种病原体分析其特异性,并对35份临床样本进行验证。【结果】MIRA核酸试纸条法在37℃条件下,15 min内便可完成对肺炎支原体的检测,最低检出限为10 copies/μL;除肺炎支原体外,其余7种病原体均不能扩增,特异性较好。以实时荧光PCR检测为标准,MIRA核酸试纸条法对35份临床样本检测后的诊断特异度为100.00%、灵敏度为96.15%、阴性预测值为90.00%、阳性预测值为100.00%。【结论】本研究建立了MIRA核酸试纸条法...     

SYBR Green实时荧光PCR高通量检测转基因大豆油

采用SYBR Green实时荧光PCR技术,建立了食用大豆油转基因成分的检测方法.根据转基因大豆中内源参照基因lectin和外源基因35S启动子、NoS终止子和ep4 epsps基因,设计特异性引物,在Roche荧光PCR仪上进行实时荧光PCR扩增.荧光曲线表明,SYBR Green实时荧光PCR可特异性地检测大豆油中的转基因成分,方法准确、快速,并运用熔解曲线进行产物分析,验证了试验结果的特异性和准确性,检测方法灵敏度高.     

小麦根腐病菌索氏平脐蠕孢SYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR检测技术研究

由索氏平脐蠕孢Bipolaris sorokiniana引起的小麦根腐病,常和其他土传真菌病害混合发生,传统的症状鉴别方法很难区分,导致病害防控难度增加。为建立病菌实时荧光定量检测体系,根据ITS序列设计引物,筛选出1对特异性引物BS‐F/R,扩增片段大小为280bp。以菌丝DNA为标准品构建实时荧光定量标准曲线,并对其灵敏度、特异性、可重复性进行评价。结果表明,建立的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法速度快,灵敏度高,特异性强,重复性好。构建的荧光定量PCR标准曲线循环阈值与模板浓度呈良好的线性关系,溶解曲线的吸收峰单一,扩增效率良好。利用该定量检测体系,可以检测出田间小麦样品中52.8fg/μL的病菌DNA。     

卫氏并殖吸虫PCR和实时荧光PCR快速检测方法的建立

目的建立快速、灵敏、特异的分子生物学检测卫氏并殖吸虫的方法。方法根据卫氏并殖吸虫的特异性基因序列,设计适合于PCR检测的特异性引物及实时荧光PCR特异性引物和探针,并进行灵敏性和特异性试验。结果设计的引物和探针特异性强,所建立的检测方法灵敏度高。应用实时荧光PCR方法的检测灵敏度可达到0.1 pg/μL,比PCR方法的灵敏度高三个数量级。结论本研究所建立的PCR和实时荧光PCR技术检测卫氏并殖吸虫方法的特异性强,灵敏度高,为卫氏并殖吸虫感染的诊治提供了快速的检测技术手段。     

TaqMan探针双重荧光定量PCR同时检测解脲支原体和巨细胞病毒

目的探讨双重荧光定量PCR技术的优化条件,建立基于TaqMan探针技术荧光定量法检测同时检测解脲支原体和巨细胞病毒的新方法。方法分别采用普通定性PCR扩增母婴垂直传播常见的病原体（解脲支原体和巨细胞病毒）测序鉴定,然后分别采用TaqMan探针的单重和双重定量PCR技术对解脲支原体和巨细胞病毒同时定性定量检测。结果解脲支原体和巨细胞病毒单种定性PCR检测均为阳性,TaqMan探针单重和双重定量PCR检测解脲支原体和巨细胞病毒阳性率和特异性均为100％,相同样品TaqMan探针单重、双重定量PCR分别检测的结果符合率100％。结论TaqMan探针双重荧光定量PCR技术可同时检测两种靶分子,结果可靠,应用前景广阔。     

重组酶聚合酶等温扩增快速检测肺炎支原体方法的建立和初步应用

摘要 目的：建立基于重组酶聚合酶扩增技术（RPA）技术快速检测肺炎支原体的方法。方法：本研究以肺炎支原体编码P1黏附蛋白为靶基因,利用Primer Premier 5软件进行引物、探针的设计,最终筛选出最佳引物。同时设计相应的实时荧光定量PCR（RT-PCR）引物用于后续的验证试验。对反应体系试剂比例、反应时间、反应温度、引物探针浓度进行确定。肺炎支原体、解脲支原体、人型支原体、肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎双球菌、大肠杆菌和链球菌作为对照评估RPA检测肺炎支原体的特异性及敏感度。结果：RPA快速检测肺炎支原体方法仅需14 min,检测灵敏度达200 copies/mL;6种非肺炎支原体均不能扩增,特异性较高。结论：本研究建立了肺炎支原体的RPA快速检测方法,具有迅速、简便、经济等优势,为肺炎支原体的快速检测提供一个新的有利工具。     

实时荧光定量PCR方法检测小RNA

<正>Real-time QuantitativePCR Detecting System,即实时定量核酸扩增检测系统,也称为实时定量基因扩增检测系统,简称定量PCR(qPCR)。荧光定量PCR一般分为非特异性荧光定量PCR和特异性荧光定量PCR。本文主要介绍一种应用非特异性荧光定量PCR(以SYBR Green I为例)方法对小RNA进行定量分析。SYBRGreen I qPCR分析小RNA的优点为:实验设计简单,一般需要一条特异性反转录引物,一条特异性正向PCR引物,反向PCR引物可通用于所有小RNA分析,无需象TaqMan方法那样专门设计探针;实验成本相对较低;可通过溶解曲线分析来检测扩增反应的特异性。这些特点有利于初学者掌握该技术,而对于一般的分析也可以完全达到实验目的。操作方法如下:     

棉花黄萎病菌实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及应用

利用棉花黄萎病菌ITS区特异性引物建立了棉花黄萎病菌的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。利用实时荧光PCR体系,以324 bp的PCR扩增产物构建了标准曲线并对该方法的灵敏度、特异性和重复性进行了评估。结果表明:该方法特异性良好,检测灵敏度为100 copies·μL-1,标准曲线的相关系数为0.994,扩增效率为91.5%。利用建立的检测方法对转基因棉田及常规棉田土壤样本进行检测,结果表明转基因棉田中棉花黄萎病菌数量显著高于常规棉田,与实际观测到的现象一致,也证明了本方法的可行性。因此,本研究建立的棉花黄萎病菌检测方法具有灵敏度高、重复性好等特点,为棉花的种植及病害防治提供了有效的检测手段。     

产肠毒素大肠杆菌快速检测方法的建立和评价

目的利用环介导等温扩增(LAMP)技术,建立产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)的快速、便捷、敏感、特异的检测方法,并对该方法的特异性和敏感性进行评价,为实验动物检测和细菌性腹泻的诊断提供技术支持。方法根据GenBank公布的产肠毒素大肠杆菌的LT毒素基因序列(S60731.1)设计外引物和内引物进行LAMP扩增,对LAMP特异性和敏感性与PCR方法做比较。结果建立的LAMP方法检测最低浓度为100 pg/μL,灵敏度是PCR的10倍以上并具有较高的特异性,利用该方法对27份猴腹泻样品进行LAMP和PCR方法检测,发现PCR检出率为33.3%,LAMP(60 min内)结果与PCR相同,而LAMP(90 min内)检出率为92.6%,约是PCR检出率的3倍。结论建立了一种用于检测肠毒性大肠杆菌(ETEC)的LAMP检测方法,该方法特异性强,灵敏度高,方便快捷,适合于ETEC临床快速检测。     

用环介导等温扩增技术快速检测粪便样本中的沙门菌

目的:建立快速检测粪便样本中的沙门菌的环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP),并着重在灵敏度和特异性方面对此方法进行评价。方法:利用LAMP针对沙门菌特定基因invA(靶基因)设计的6条特异引物,通过引物特异性识别特定基因invA上的8个独立区域来快速检测沙门菌;LAMP反应过程中会产生白色沉淀焦磷酸镁,故可以通过监测浊度来判定反应结果。结果:实时浊度仪监测反应结果表明,LAMP反应在60~65℃等温条件下50 min内完成;如果在反应前添加羟基萘酚兰,蓝色阳性结果很明显区别于紫色阴性结果;LAMP的最低检出限为6.97 pg/μL,PCR为69.7pg/μL,LAMP方法的检测灵敏度是PCR的10倍,且具有良好的特异性。结论:LAMP方法用于快速检测沙门菌,具有检测过程简单、实验装置简便、反应结果肉眼可辨、灵敏度高、特异性强的特点,对非沙门菌菌株的结果呈阴性,表明引物设计有很好的特异性。对粪便样本进行检测,发现具有同样的敏感性和特异性。这表明LAMP法是潜在的和有价值的在粪便样本中直接检测沙门菌的方法,具有快速、简便、低成本的特点。LAMP法适用于快速临床诊断。     

环介导等温扩增技术对解脲脲原体的临床检测

目的建立并优化环介导等温扩增(LAMP)技术对解脲脲原体(U.urealyticum)的检测,并应用于临床样本分析。方法针对U.urealyticum的urease基因设计LAMP引物;研究LAMP的最适温度、最佳检测时间及灵敏度和特异度;与传统PCR检测进行方法学比对。结果 LAMP技术检测U.urealyticum的最适温度和最佳时间分别是61℃和60 min,并且具有良好灵敏度和特异度,较普通PCR检测的灵敏度高出1 000倍。临床样本检测中,PCR和LAMP技术达到的灵敏度分别为25.00%和87.50%。两种方法的特异度均为100.00%。结论 LAMP与PCR相比在基层检测和大规模筛查方面有显著的优势和巨大的利用价值。     

快速检测HBV DNA的环状介导等温DNA扩增法

环状介导等温DNA扩增（LAMP）技术是一种新的核酸扩增方法,它能够高特异性、高效、快速地进行核酸的扩增。利用LAMP法检测乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）,能够在等温条件下于1h内将少量的基因拷贝数扩增至10^9,在对65份临床标本的检测中显示了较高的特异性。与现有的PCR技术相比,LAMP法更加简便快速,且在等温条件下进行,不需要复杂的仪器设备,为临床检测乙肝病毒提供了一个快速筒便的新方法。     

Simple and rapid detection of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis under field conditions by loop‐mediated isothermal amplification

Aim: The objective of this study is to develop a serovar‐specific loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive detection of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis under field conditions. Methods: A set of six specific primers was designed with Salmonella Enteritidis DNA as the target. LAMP conditions were optimized by incubating the target DNA with the Bst DNA polymerase large fragment in a simple water bath. The sensitivity and specificity of LAMP was then compared with those of fluorescent quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (FQ‐PCR). Results: The results were as follows. (1) Serovar‐specific Salmonella Enteritidis DNA was amplified at 65°C in as early as 20 min in a water bath. (2) A colour change visible to the naked eye indicated a positive amplification reaction. (3) The detection limit of the LAMP assay was 4 copies μl^?1; thus, the sensitivity and specificity of this assay is similar to those of the FQ‐PCR. Conclusions: LAMP is a high‐throughput detection technique with high sensitivity, specificity, and simplicity; these factors make it suitable for specifically detecting Salmonella Enteritidis under field conditions and in laboratory settings. Thus, LAMP eliminates the need for complicated equipment and technical training in the detection of this specific serovar. Significance and impact of the study: This is the first study involving the use of LAMP to detect Salmonella serovar‐specific DNA sequences. It is also the first to report an ideal method of distinguishing between Salmonella Enteritidis and other Salmonella under field conditions.     

Rapid, sensitive and simple detection method for koi herpesvirus using loop-mediated isothermal amplification

New methods were developed for the detection of koi herpesvirus (KHV, CyHV-3) by LAMP, which were compared with the PCR for specificity and sensitivity. We designed two primer sets targeting a specific sequence within the 9/5 PCR amplicon (9/5 LAMP) and the upper region of the Sph I-5 PCR amplicon ( Sph I-5 LAMP), including a sequence highly conserved among the strains. The amplification was monitored in real-time based on the increase in turbidity, with magnesium pyrophosphate as the by-product. The reactions were carried out under isothermal conditions at 65°C for 60 min. The detection limit of both LAMP was six copies, equal to the modified Sph I-5 PCR. No cross-reactivity with other fish pathogenic viruses and bacteria was observed. Sph I-5 LAMP was found to have a quicker response in terms of the reaction velocity than 9/5 LAMP. Therefore, we consider Sph I-5 LAMP to be superior for routine use. Additionally, LAMP was found applicable to crude extract from gills and other organs. LAMP methods are superior in terms of sensitivity, specificity, rapidity and simplicity, and are potentially a valuable diagnostic tool for KHV infections.     

Development and evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of Haemophilus parasuis

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel nucleic acid amplification method performed under isothermal conditions and has a high specificity and efficiency. We developed a LAMP assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene for rapid detection of Haemophilus parasuis. The results obtained from testing 31 H. parasuis strains and 28 other bacterial species strains showed that LAMP was as specific as, and more sensitive than, nested PCR. Fifty-five lung samples were collected from 55 healthy pigs. All the samples were negative for H. parasuis by bacterial isolation, nested PCR and LAMP, respectively. In addition, 122 lung samples were collected from 122 pigs with apparent respiratory problems. Sixty-five were positive by bacterial isolation. All the samples that were positive by bacterial isolation were also positive by nested PCR and LAMP. The LAMP assay demonstrated higher sensitivity than nested PCR, picking up 16 additional cases. The LAMP assay also gave a same result compared with the nested PCR when the two assays were used, respectively, to detect H. parasuis from samples obtained from experimentally infected pigs. We concluded that LAMP is a highly sensitive and reliable method for detection of H. parasuis infection.     

Sensitive and rapid detection of Karenia mikimotoi (Dinophyceae) by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed to detect the genomic DNA of Karenia mikimotoi using a set of four specific primers based on a ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The sensitivity of this LAMP assay was 100-fold higher than regular PCR, and its specificity was validated using other algae as a comparison. Two visual detection approaches were feasible to interpret the positive or negative results. This technology may have the potential to aid in forecasting red-tides on the scene because of its high sensitivity, specificity and rapid detection.     

环介导等温扩增技术快速检测施罗氏弧菌(Vibrio shilonii)

【背景】近年来,珊瑚白化事件频有发生,面临着严重衰退。由气候变化引起的珊瑚病原菌快速增殖是导致珊瑚白化的主要因素之一。施罗氏弧菌是枇杷珊瑚的致病菌,能侵入珊瑚虫体内而使珊瑚白化死亡。【目的】优化并建立一种钙黄绿素显色法快速检测珊瑚致病菌施罗氏弧菌的环介导等温扩增(Loop-mediatedisothermalamplificaiton,LAMP)检测技术。【方法】以枇杷珊瑚致病菌施罗氏弧菌为研究对象,针对施罗氏弧菌的rpoD (RNA polymerase subunit D)基因设计6条特异性扩增引物,建立LAMP检测体系并检测其特异性和灵敏度,同时对LAMP法、常规PCR和荧光定量PCR3种检测方法进行比较分析。【结果】供检测的10个样品菌株中,施罗氏弧菌反应结果为阳性,呈亮绿色,其他9株包括阴性对照(灭菌水为模板)反应结果为阴性,呈浅橙黄色;同时,所建立的钙黄绿素-LAMP方法最低检测限度为3.641×10~3 cps/mL,具有与荧光定量PCR等同的灵敏度和准确性,是常规PCR最低检测限度的0.1%;此外,通过模拟野外海水样品检测发现,钙黄绿素-LAMP方法对海水样品中施罗氏弧菌的检测限度可达1.3×10~2 CFU/mL。【结论】建立的钙黄绿素-LAMP检测技术具有很好的特异性、灵敏度和准确性,其操作方法简单、方便,无需昂贵仪器,适用于野外现场珊瑚致病菌施罗氏弧菌的快速检测。     

Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for porcine circovirus type 2

In this study,the loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)method was used to develop a rapid and simple detection system for porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2).According to the PCV2 sequences published in GenBank,multiple LAMP primers were designed targeting conserved sequences of PCV2.Using the DNA extracted from PCV2 isolates HUN-09 and SD-09 as the template,LAMP reactions in a PCV2 LAMP system was performed,the amplification products were detected by adding SYBR Green I and could be observed directly by the naked eye.The results showed highly-efficient and specific amplification in 30 min at 63℃ with a LAMP real-time turbidimeter.Furthermore,PCV2 DNA templates,with a detection limit of 5.5×10-5ng of nucleic acid,indicated that this assay was highly sensitive.The results obtained with the naked eye after SYBR Green I staining were consistent with those detected by the real-time turbidimeter,showing the potential simplicity of interpretation of the assay results.The LAMP assay appeared to have greater accuracy than PCR and virus isolation for the analysis of 18 clinical samples.In addition it offers higher specificity and sensitivity,shorter reaction times and simpler procedures than the currently available methods of PCV2 detection.It is therefore a promising tool for the effective and efficient detection of PCV2.