红江橙不同外植体离体培养的研究(简报)

红江橙是华南地区推广的优良柑桔品种,但在品种性状稳定性[1]及抗病性等方面还有待改良。以往的常规育种由于存在珠心胚干扰及育种周期过长等缺点,育种工作难以进行[2]。近年来,基因转移改良柑桔农艺性状的技术,为柑桔育种开辟了一条新途径．但要进行遗传转化,首先必须建立高效的植株再生系统。本文以红江检多种外植体为材料,进行了离体培养的研究,为遗传转化提供良好的组织培养再生体系。l材料和方法植物材料红江横（Citfussinensis（L．）osbeck）＃子经表面消毒培养无菌苗,当酋长至一定大小时,取上胚轴、茎段、根尖,切成约Ic…     

菠萝幼果的诱导和植株的再生

菠萝[Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.)是畅销国内外名果之一,不论是鲜食或罐藏均受人们欢迎。关于菠萝组织培养的研究国内外已有不少成功的报道,但多数以叶鞘为材料。1978年广西农学院林惠端等以叶鞘作材料诱导出再生植株并移植成活[1]。至于菠萝幼果离体培养再生植株,日本虽已有报道,但培养程序很繁琐,国内则尚未见正式报道。     

柑桔无病原体苗培育研究进展

简述了柑桔无病原体苗培育的 2种主要方法 :热处理法和组织培养法。其中重点介绍了利用珠心培养、胚珠培养以及茎嫁接脱除柑桔病原体的研究现状和最新进展 ,并就目前存在的问题及今后的发展方向进行了探讨     

金桔组织培养的初步研究

<正> 金桔(Fortunella margarita(Lour.)Swingle)原产于我国,为柑桔类的优良品种之一。果实含有丰富的维生素、酸甜适中,可供生食,又可作蜜饯,畅销国内外,深受群众欢迎。 在植物组织养培的研究中,柑桔类的组织培养技术亦有很大的发展。柑桔的胚和胚乳培养分化植株,茎尖、嫩茎、叶切块培养的器官分化已有研究。但金桔的组织培养尚未见报导,我们进行金桔组织培养研究,为金桔良种的快速繁殖提供新的途径。     

一株人源性轮状病毒的分离及适应性培养

目的:研究轮状病毒野毒株的分离方法、组织培养适应条件及相应生物学性质.方法:对收集的样品采用胶体金、PCR、PAGE进行轮状病毒定性检测.阳性样品按常规方法处理并进行组织培养分离,对不同传代样品做基因组图谱、基因序列、病毒增殖动力学分析评价,采用轮状病毒P[8]G1型阳性血清进行病毒中和鉴别试验.结果:通过检测为A组轮状病毒,基因组为4∶2∶3∶2排列,基因分型G1P [8]型,在MA104细胞中传代后转至Vero细胞上适应培养可观察到CPE;电镜观察可见典型轮状病毒形态.毒株在Vero细胞上增殖到第10代,复制稳定,且感染性滴度达到7.25 log CCID50/ml,增殖高峰为96h.中和鉴别试验证实病毒培养液只包含轮状病毒,无其他病毒污染.结论:从腹泻样品中分离得到一株人源轮状病毒毒株,命名为ZTR-68株,该分离株具有良好的组织培养适应性,遗传稳定性,为进一步研究其生物学性质和疫苗制备提供了基础.     

培养基中CuSO4和Fe盐对小麦胚培养再生效果的影响

Fe和Cu是植物组织培养中不可缺少的成分,作为金属离子螯合剂与植物生长发育中一些关键酶的活性密切相关。优化培养基中Fe和Cu离子的浓度可提高组织培养再生效率,对建立小麦高效遗传转化体系有一定意义。本研究以小麦基因型CB037、新春9号和Bobwhite为材料进行成熟胚和幼胚培养,研究了CuSO4和Fe2-EDTA对小麦组织培养再生效果的影响。结果发现,培养基中添加0.1～4.1 祄ol L-1 CuSO4对小麦成熟胚组织培养无显著效果,超过6.1 祄ol L-1对愈伤组织有毒害作用;培养基中添加40 祄ol L-1 Fe盐对小麦成熟胚组织培养和植株再生具有促进作用;不同小麦基因型其幼胚培养对Fe盐的反应不同,40 祄ol L-1～50 祄ol L-1 Fe盐处理对CB037幼胚再生效果最好,20 祄ol L-1 Fe盐浓度对新春9号和Bobwhite幼胚再生效果好,高浓度铁盐抑制作用显著;在相同培养条件下,CB037幼胚再生率最高,新春9号次之,Bobwhite最低。     

花烟草原生质体的再生植株1)

花烟草（Nicotiana alata Link Otto）由于其 有明显的形态特点以及含有2n - 18个染色体 的细胞学特征易区别于普通烟草（2n=48)。这 种野生的烟草是组织培养及细胞杂交中的一个 有用材料。Bourgin, P.^[2]曾由此种烟草的单倍 体叶肉原生质体培养出再生植株,但其倍性变 化较多。我们选用N. alata的二倍体叶肉原生 质体进行分化培养,获得大量稳定的二倍体再 生植株。     

桔梗的组织培养

桔梗 (ＰｌａｔｙｃｏｄｏｎｇｒａｎｄｉｆｌｏｒｕｍＡ .ＤＣ .)为桔梗科多年生草本植物 ,根供药用 ,有宣肺、祛痰、排脓之功效。用于治疗外感咳嗽 ,咽喉肿痛 ,肺痈吐脓等症[1] 。近年来 ,桔梗成为极具开发前景的一种药食两用经济作物 ,需求量大增 ,野生资源不能满足需要 ,人工栽培问题已有研究[2 ] ,进展也较快。桔梗药材生产主要采用种子或无性繁殖 ,而通过组织培养的方法进行桔梗快繁 ,在 80年代中期少数学者进行过初步研究[3 ,4 ] 。作者拟通过桔梗的离体培养试验 ,优化培养条件 ,为缩短桔梗育苗周期和优良品种快繁提供依据。1　材料…     

高蛋白小麦无性系

八十年代以来在多种植物组织培养物的再生植株中观察到体细胞无性系变异现象,并开始用于植物的品种改良。本工作以小麦花粉植株纯系为材料,经幼穗培养,诱导胚性愈伤组织,经8—10个月继代培养,得到大量再生植株(SC_1)。SC_1植株中约有30%表现性状变异,这些变异在SC_2代分离。一些 SC_1不变异的植株在 SC_2代中出现变异株。表明体细胞无性变异包括显性和隐性两类变异。变异的性状有:植株高度、成熟期、芒性、蜡质、穗形等。对     

花生（Arachis Hypogaea）叶片愈伤组织的诱导与植株再生组织的诱导与植株再生

在农业生产上应用植物组织培养技术对有 些作物来说,有可能加速良种的繁殖、优良突变 体的选择以及克服一些常规育种难以解决的问 题等等^[1]。因此,在农业生产上正在逐步为人 们所接受,并在许多大田作物上成功地诱导出 再生植株^[2-4,7]。本文报道花生叶组织诱导植株 再生的结果,以探索组织培养在花生生产上应 用的可能性。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV