N~ 离子注入热带假丝酵母对长链二元酸产量的影响

用热带假丝酵母（Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ ｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｉｓ）ＳＣＢ４１２作为出发菌株,经能量５０ＫｅＶ、剂量１× １０~１１～５ ×１０~１５ ｉｏｎｓ／ｃｍ~２的Ｎ~＋离子注入诱变处理,以产生可遗传的诱变。 Ｎ~＋离子注入后,存活率与剂量呈指数衰减关系：ｌｏｇ（存活率％）＝ ８．２３－ ０．６０４ × ｌｏｇ（剂量）,在培养过程中可观察到酵母菌菌落和细胞形态均发生了变化。经筛选,获得了一株能够利用正十二烷烃发酵产生长链二元酸的高产菌热带假丝酵母ＳＣＢ６０９。在初始正十二烷烃浓度为１５％（ｖ／ｖ）下产酸量由４３．５ｇ／Ｌ上升到７３．２ｇ／Ｌ。比较两株菌发酵生长特性的差异,产酸过程有一定的变化。     

离子注入利福霉素产生菌诱变选育研究

离子注入诱变利福霉素生产菌,首先利用利福霉素浓度梯度平均板理性化筛选出高抗性菌株,再以此抗性菌株为出发菌进行离子注入诱变筛选。初筛摇瓶效价达９０００μ／ｍｌ,经复菌筛菌株２９５３效价稳定提高１８％、。７ｍ＾３罐中试,放罐效价达６８６３μ／ｍｌ,较同期对照提高３５％;３０ｍ＾３罐生产实验,最高罐批效价为６１３７μ／ｍｌ,平均提高１０％。     

曲酸高产菌株的诱变选育

以紫外线和氮离子注入作为诱变手段对曲酸产生菌黄曲霉CICC2242进行诱变处理,筛选出一株高产菌株N83。曲酸产量由初始的12．4g／L提高到19．4g／L,提高了56．5％;遗传稳定性实验结果表明,N83遗传性状稳定良好。该结果表明氮离子注入诱变是获得高产曲酸的有效途径。     

C02激光辐照对酿酒酵母菌的诱变作用

应用红外ＣＯ_２激光对甘蔗糖蜜工业性生产用酿酒酵母菌Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ ＡＳ２．１１８９进行辐照处理,经酵母菌糖蜜酒精发酵试验,发现红外ＣＯ_２激光对酿酒酵母菌具有诱变作用,并初步筛选到产乙醇含量有较大变化的辐照变异菌株;同时,通过对这些辐照变异菌株的乙醇脱氢酶同工酶的比较分析,进一步证实了红外ＣＯ_２、激光对酿酒酵母菌的诱变作用．从而为工业上利用红外ＣＯ_２激光对酿酒酵母菌进行诱变育种展现新的前景。     

离子注入氧化葡萄糖酸杆菌的诱变效应

本文运用离子注入对维生素C前体2—酮基—L—古龙酸的产生菌氧化葡萄糖酸杆菌的诱变效应进行了研究,确立了以8％甘油作保护剂,并就低能离子注入条件进行了参数设定。     

N+离子注入热带假丝酵母对长链二元酸产量的影响*

用热带假丝酵母（Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ ｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｉｓ）ＳＣＢ４１２作为出发菌株,经能量５０ＫｅＶ、剂量１× １０^１１～５ ×１０^１５ ｉｏｎｓ／ｃｍ^２的Ｎ^＋离子注入诱变处理,以产生可遗传的诱变。 Ｎ^＋离子注入后,存活率与剂量呈指数衰减关系：ｌｏｇ（存活率％）＝ ８．２３－ ０．６０４ × ｌｏｇ（剂量）,在培养过程中可观察到酵母菌菌落和细胞形态均发生了变化。经筛选,获得了一株能够利用     

几种诱变因子对龟裂链霉菌原生质体的影响

作者应用通电、ＵＶ、ＮＴＧ和亚硫酸氢钠等诱变因子对土霉素产生菌——龟裂链霉菌１３８—ｌ原生质体进行处理。结果表明,各种诱变因子在对原生质体致死率５０％左右时具有较好的诱变效应。经亚硫酸氢钠＋ＬｉＣｌ处理获得的Ｃｌ１８菌株通过１６５００１发酵罐试验,最高发酵水平达３３３３０ｕ／ｍｌ,平均发酵水平为３０５４２．５ｕ／ｍｌ,比出发菌株１３８—１提高２０．６％。     

碱性脂肪酶产生菌扩展青霉W—1382的诱变育种

以扩展青毒（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｕｍｅｘｐａｎｓｕｍ）Ｓ－１４作为出发菌株,分别比较ＵＶ、Ｃｏ６０－γ射线、ＮＴＧ单因子的诱变效应和以ＮＴＧ、Ｃｏ６０－γ射线、ＵＶ＋ＮＴＧ作为诱变剂及自然分离在内四代的诱变育种。单因子诱变剂最适剂量分别为ＵＶ１５０ｓ,Ｃｏ６０－γ射线４８０００ｒａｄ,ＮＴＧ３００μｇ／ｍｌ８０ｍｉｎ,比较诱变效果表明：ＮＴＧ最佳,Ｃｏ６０－γ射线次之,ＵＶ较差;连续三代诱变各代诱变剂及剂量分别为ＮＴＧ３００μｇ／ｍｌ１００ｍｉｎ,Ｃｏ６０－γ射线２００００ｒａｄ,ＵＶ３０ｓ＋ＮＴＧ１５０μｇ／ｍｌ,４０ｍｉｎ。复合处理比单因子处理效果好。实验中选育成功高产酶变株Ｗ－１３８２,结合自然分离和诱变育种,其酶活力较出发菌株提高了５３．６％。     

CO2激光辐照对酿酒酵母菌的诱变作用*

应用红外ＣＯ_２激光对甘蔗糖蜜工业性生产用酿酒酵母菌Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ ＡＳ２．１１８９进行辐照处理,经酵母菌糖蜜酒精发酵试验,发现红外ＣＯ_２激光对酿酒酵母菌具有诱变作用,并初步筛选到产乙醇含量有较大变化的辐照变异菌株;同时,通过对这些辐照变异菌株的乙醇脱氢酶同工酶的比较分析,进一步证实了红外ＣＯ_２、激光对酿酒酵母菌的诱变作用．从而为工业上利用红外ＣＯ_２激光对酿酒酵母菌进行诱变     

低能离子注入在CGTase高产菌株选育中的应用

应用能量30keV、剂量为5×1015N /cm2的离子注入对环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶产生菌进行诱变育种,得到液体发酵24h产酶高于出发株50%以上的菌株11株。5代传代试验表明诱变后得到的高产菌株产酶具有较好的传代稳定性。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.