三花枪刀药中萜类和甾体成分研究

采用正相硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等柱层析及半制备HPLC色谱法,从三花枪刀药的95%乙醇提取物中分离到15个化合物,运用现代波谱技术分别鉴定为6-羟基-9,13环大柱烷-4,9(13)-二烯-3-酮(1)、3β-羟基-β-紫罗酮(2)、3α-羟基-大柱烷-4,7E二烯-9-酮(3)、3α-羟基-5α,6α-环氧-7E-大柱烷-7-烯-9-酮(4)、黑麦草内酯(5)、pisiferadinol(6)、24-methylenecycloartanol(7)、α-香树脂醇(8)、3β-羟基-乌苏烷-11-烯-28,13β-内酯(9)、羽扇豆醇(10)、achilleol A(11)、6β-甲氧基麦角甾烷-7,22E-二烯-3β,5α-二醇(12)、6β-乙氧基麦角甾烷-7,22E-二烯-3β,5α-二醇(13)、豆甾烷-4-烯-3,6-二酮(14)、豆甾烷-4,22E-二烯-3,6-二酮(15)。化合物1为新天然产物,化合物2~15为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物6、12、15对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-468、人胃癌AGS、人结肠癌HCT116、人宫颈癌Hela和人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231肿瘤细胞株具有显著的细胞毒活性。     

中华小苦荬萜类化学成分的研究(英文)

从中华小苦荬全草的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到8个萜类化合物,通过波谱方法及文献对照分别鉴定为β-香树脂素(1),3β-羟基-20(30)-蒲公英甾烯(2),熊果-12-烯-3β-醇(3),羽扇豆醇(4),10-羟基艾里莫芬-7(11)-烯-12,8α-内酯(5),乌苏-12,20(30)-二烯-3β,28-二醇(6),3β,8α-二羟基-6β-当归酰基艾里莫芬-7(11)-烯-12,8β-内酯(7)和乌苏酸(8),化合物1～8均首次从该植物中分离得到。     

飞蛾藤中的新C30甾体类化合物

从毛叶飞蛾藤(Porana racemosa Roxb.)全草的95%乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了11个化合物,其中一新的C30甾体化合物鉴定为(22E,24ξ)-24-正丙基胆甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇(飞蛾藤素,1).其余10个已知化合物分别为东莨菪素(2)、东莨菪苷(3)、伞形华内酯(4)、β-D-甲基吡喃果糖苷(5)、丁香脂素4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、斛皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7)、斛皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(8)、异泽兰黄素(9)、山奈素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10)和(E)-N-2-(2,3-二羟基苯基)乙基肉桂酰胺(11).     

海南灵芝化学成分研究

为探讨海南灵芝(Ganoderma hainanense Zhao,Xu et Zhang)的化学成分,采用柱层析技术从海南灵芝乙醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物。经波谱分析鉴定其结构分别为:巴西红厚壳素(1)、6-脱氧巴西红厚壳素(2)、7,8-二甲基咯嗪(3)、5,8-过氧麦角固醇(4)、3β,5α,9α-三羟基麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(5)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇(6)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-酮(7)、7α-甲氧基-5α,6α-环氧麦角甾-8(14),22-二烯-3β-醇(8)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α-6β-三醇(9)、3-吲哚甲酸(10)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(11)、对羟基苯甲酸(12)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯(13)和正二十六烷酸(14)。所有化合物均为首次从海南灵芝中分离得到。     

瑞香狼毒化学成分研究

从瑞香狼毒95%乙醇提取物中分离得到了17个化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定为4’-甲氧基-7-羟基黄酮(1),山奈酚(2),5,4’-二羟基-7-甲氧基二氢黄酮(3),4’,5,7-三羟基黄烷酮(4),3,5,7-三羟基黄烷酮(5),山奈酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6),α-香树酯醇(7),(24R)-5α-豆甾-7,22(E)-二烯-3α-醇(8),狼毒色原酮(9),伞形花内酯(10),东莨菪素(11),异东莨菪素(12),狼毒素(13),瑞香内酯(14),异茴芹香豆素(15),β-谷甾醇(16),瑞香素乙(17)和β-胡萝卜甙(18)。其中化合物1-8为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

非洲隔囊蚁巢伞的化学成分研究(英文)

从肯尼亚安波塞利产的隔囊蚁巢伞(Termitomyces schimperi)子实体中分离得到8个已知化合物,通过波谱方法鉴定它们的结构为(22E,24R)-麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3β-醇(1),(3β,5α,9α-三羟基麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(2),5α,8α-过氧-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(3),麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮(4),D-阿拉伯糖醇(5),D-半乳糖醇(6),脑苷脂B(7)和脑苷脂D(8)。所有化合物均首次从该真菌中分离得到。     

黑刺菝葜中的甾体皂苷

从黑刺菝葜(Smitax scobinicaulis C.H.Wringh)根茎中再次分离得到2个新的甾体皂苷化合物,经理化、光谱分析及与标准样品对照,鉴定化合物Ⅲ为(25D)螺甾-5-烯-3β,17α,27-三羟基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→4)-O-[α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙。化合物Ⅳ为(25D)螺甾-3β,17α,27-三羟基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→4)-O-[α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙。     

草鞋木的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、Sephades LH-20、RP-18等色谱技术,对草鞋木(Macaranga henryi)枝条中的化学成分进行了研究,共分离得到8个化合物,通过NMR、MS等波谱学技术将其结构分别鉴定为:12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate(1),trigowiin A(2),daturadiol(3),山楂酸甲酯(4),3β-羟基豆甾-5-烯-7-酮(5),3β-羟基豆甾-5,22-二烯-7-酮(6),豆甾-3,5-二烯-7-酮(7),丁香脂素(8)。化合物5为首次从该种植物中分离得到,其余化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

玉竹的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等多种材料进行分离纯化,通过理化方法和波普分析进行结构鉴定,从玉竹根茎的醇提溶液的乙酸乙酯萃取部分中分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别为:ningpogenin(1)、6-O-p-hydroxybenzoylaucubin(2)、3,3'-Bisdemethylpinoresinol(3)、5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde(4)、(22E,24R)-Ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol(5)、Borreriagenin(6)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(7)、5α,8α-epidiory-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)、3β,5α,9α-三羟基-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(10)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-酮(11)、对羟基苯乙醇(12)。除化合物(9)之外,其余所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

石山巴豆枝叶的化学成分研究

石山巴豆( Croton euryphyllus)为大戟科( Euphorbiaceae)巴豆属( Croton)植物,主要分布于西南各省的岩溶石山地区,民间用于杀虫和治疗跌打损伤。为了阐明其化学物质基础,该研究采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20、HPLC等方法对石山巴豆枝叶醇提物进行分离纯化。结果表明：共分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为异毛叶巴豆萜(1), jatrophoidin (2),山藿香定(3),异山藿香素(4),山藿香素(5),赖百当-13-烯-8,15-二醇(6),7-酮基-β-谷甾醇(7),(22E)-5α,8β-表二氧麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(8),豆甾烷-4-烯-6β-醇-3-酮(9),齐墩果烷-12-烯-2α,3β-二醇(10),东莨菪内酯(11),催吐萝芙木醇(12), lyratol F (13),罗布麻酚A (14),芹菜素(15),金色酰胺醇酯(16)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物8－16为首次从巴豆属中发现。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.